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-1-Unit5Revealingnature1．distantadj.遥远的→distancen．远处2．evolvev．进化→evolutionn．进化3．suspectv．猜想，怀疑→suspectedadj.被怀疑的4．generatev．产生，创造→generationn．产生5．naturen．自然→naturaladj.自然的n．擅长做某事的人→naturalistn．博物学家WordsAndPhrases知识要点1distantadj.遥远的；远处的；久远的；疏远的(教材P50)Thecaptainoftheship，theBeagle，wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”．“贝格尔号”船长需要个人，此人能“有机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国家并从中受益”。[例1]Theairportwasabout20kilometresdistant.机场在大约20公里远的地方。[例2]Patsoundedverycoldanddistantonthephone.从电话里听起来帕特非常冷淡和疏远。[造句]这学校距离车站3英里。Theschoolisthreemilesdistantfromthestation.[知识拓展]distancen．距离；远方atadistance隔一段距离；距离稍远inthedistance在远方outofdistancefrom离……太远；达不到keepsb.atadistance对……冷淡；与……疏远keepdistancefrom与……保持距离distanceoneselffrom使远离；使疏远[即学即练]单句语法填空①Shewaswarnedtokeepherdistance(distant)fromJohnifshedidn'twanttogethurt.-2-②Thesoundofthecheeringfadedawayinthedistance.③Jayhadalwaystendedtokeephisgirlfriendsatadistance.知识要点2beadisgrace是耻辱，是丢脸的事(教材P50)What'smore，hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily”．更有甚者，他最近收到了父亲的一封信，信中预言他将是“你和你全家的耻辱”。[例]Heisadisgraceandanembarrassmenttothishospital.他是这家医院的耻辱和尴尬。[造句]你成了你的学校的耻辱，你的家庭的耻辱。Youareadisgracetoyourschool，andtoyourfamily.[知识拓展](1)disgracev．使丢脸；使蒙受耻辱；使名誉扫地；使失势；使失去地位(2)indisgrace很不讨人喜欢[即学即练]单句语法填空①Idisgracedmyself(me)bydrinkingfartoomuch.②MumtoldmeMeggiewassenthomeindisgrace.知识要点3leadto引起，导致；通向(教材P50)Despiteallthis，hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.尽管如此，他在这艘船上的冒险经历将导致有史以来最重要的科学发现之一。[例1]ThelawshaveleadtoareductioninfuelconsumptionintheUS.这些法律已经使美国燃料消费量有所减少。[例2]Excuseme，doesthisroadleadtotherailwaystation？请问，这条路通向火车站吗？[造句]他们的分歧导致了街头的暴力活动。Theirdisagreementsleadtoviolenceonthestreets.[知识拓展]leadsb.todosth.使某人做……leadsb.to...使某人得出……leadsb.bythenose牵着某人的鼻子走inthelead领先，处于首位[即学即练]单句语法填空①Whatledyoutoselect(select)yourmajor?-3-②I'mnotgoingtoallowanyonetoleadmebythenose.③Theywereinthelead.Thefinishlinewasclose.知识要点4fascinatev．使入迷，吸引(教材P50)Theyoungmaninquestion，CharlesDarwin，wasageologistandnaturalist，fascinatedbyrocks，plantsandanimals.所提到的那位年轻人叫查尔斯·达尔文，是一位地质学家和博物学家，对岩石、植物和动物着迷。[例1]Itwasaquestionthathadfascinatedhimsincehewasaboy.这是他自幼就着迷的问题。[例2]Therefore，Idonothaveanythingwithwhichtofascinatepeople.因此，我没有什么能使人着迷的东西。[造句]这一整个流程都让我着迷。Thewholeprocessfascinatesme.[知识拓展]fascinatingadj.迷人的fascinatedadj.着迷的befascinatedby/with...被……迷住fascinationn.魅力，迷惑力；迷恋[即学即练]单句语法填空①Iretreatedbeforeheronlyasquicklyaswasnecessary，fascinated(fascinate)．②Becauseofyourexistence，mylifewillbemorefascinating(fascinate)．③Inthosedays，shewasfascinatedby/withpastvisitors.知识要点5becrowdedwith...挤满……；充满……(教材P51)AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica，hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.达尔文在南美待了一段时间后，在船上他的房间里塞满了收集的动植物样本。[例1]Theoldtownsquarewascrowdedwithpeople.古老的小镇广场上挤满了人。[例2]Theroadsarecrowdedwithvehiclesofallkinds.马路上挤满了各种车辆。[造句]路上挤满了各阶层的人。Theroadsareallcrowdedwithpeopleofallranks.[知识拓展]crowdedadj.拥挤的crowdn．&v.人群/拥挤；聚集-4-acrowdof一群……thecrowd群众；民众crowdsof许多[即学即练]单句语法填空①Therewerecrowds(crowd)ofpeopleatthetheatre.②Thismorning，thegroundiscrowdedwithwhitesnow.③Thecrowdwas/were(be)marchingonthestreettoimprovetheirlivingconditions.[名师点津]crowd可用作名词，译作“人群，大众”，在句中作主语时，谓语动词可按单数或复数对待，thecrowd“老百姓，大众”。知识要点6existvi.存在；生存，生活(教材P51)Ashestudiedthese，heaskedhimselfthequestion:howdiddifferentspeciescometoexist?当他研究这些的时候，他问了自己这个问题：不同物种是如何存在的？[例1]Theproblemonlyexistsinyourhead，Jane.这个问题不过是你的想象，简。[例2]Fewofthesemonkeysstillexistinthewild.这些猴子野生的已为数不多了。[造句]它只存在于他的想象。Itexistsonlyinhisimagination.[知识拓展](1)existin存在于……之中existon＝liveon靠……为生Thereexist...有……，存在……(2)existencen.存在；生存inexistence存在outofexistence消失comeintoexistence出现，产生bringintoexistence使……出现/产生[即学即练]单句语法填空①But，therearesomeproblemsexistedinitsstudy.②Itwasimpossibleforthemtoexistonsuchasmallincome.③Newcompaniescomeintoexistence(exist)everyyear.-5-知识要点7adaptto适应，适合(教材P51)Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?也许动物是随着适应环境的变化而进化的？[例1]Ifounditnoteasytoadapttonewlife.我发现适应新生活并不容易。[例2]Wemustadapttoachangingworld.我们必须适应不断变化的世界。[造句]我们必须通过持续不断的学习来适应新变化。Wemustadapttothenewchangesthroughourcontinuouslearning.[知识拓展]adapt...to...使……适应或适合……adapt...from...根据……改编或改写adapt...for...改编或改作……之用adaptableadj.能适应的，适应性强的adaptationn.改编(本)，改造；适应[即学即练]单句语法填空①It'shardtoadaptthisnovelforchildren.②Theseflowersarewelladaptedtotheharshwinter.③Hetriedtoadapthimself(him)tothenewlife.④Theauthorisgoingtoadapthisplayfortelevision.知识要点8suspectv．怀疑；不信任；猜想(教材P51)Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor，whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.达尔文怀疑这些雀科小鸟是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的，这个祖先很久以前就来到了这些岛屿。[例1]Isuspectedhermotivesinofferingtohelp.她主动要帮忙，我怀疑她的动机。[例2]Youdon'treallythinkWebbsuspectsyou?你不是真的认为韦布怀疑你吧？[造句]你为什么凭空怀疑这消息的真实性？Whydoyoususpectthetruthoftheinformation?[知识拓展]suspectsb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人做了某事suspectsb.tobe...疑心某人是……-6-suspectthat...疑心……[即学即练]单句语法填空①Somepeoplesuspectedhimoftheft.②Thepolicesuspectedhimoftaking(take)apartinthejewelrobbery.③Thedoctorsusp