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-1-Unit5Revealingnature阅读“Reading2”中的材料，选出最佳选项。1．WhichisNOTabeanplantdoeswhenitisattackedbyinsects?A．Toreleasetinyamountsofchemicaltowarnitsneighbour.B．Toreleasechemicaltodrivetheinsectsaway.C．Toreleasechemicaltodrivethewasps.D．Toreleasechemicaltoattractwasps.2．Howcanachilliplanttellifitsneighbouringplantsishelpful?A．Byproducingchemical.B．Bysounds.C．Bywoodwideweb.D．Byinsects.3．Why“woodwideweb”issimilartotheInternetweuse?A．Becauseitcanuseittocommunicate.B．Becauseitislinkedtogether.C．Becauseitcanshareinformation.D．Becauseitcansharefood.[答案]1－3CBBWordsAndPhrases知识要点1characteristicn．特征，特性(教材P53)GregorMendelchosetostudypeaplantsbecausetheircharacteristicswereeasytocontrol.格里哥·孟德尔之所以选择豌豆作为研究对象，是因为豌豆的特性易于控制。[例]Theneedtocommunicateisakeycharacteristicofhumansociety.需要交流是人类社会最重要的一个特征。[造句]这两组儿童具有截然不同的特点。Thetwogroupsofchildrenhavequitedifferentcharacteristics.[知识拓展](1)characteristicadj.典型的；独特的；特有的-2-becharacteristicof＝betypicalof是……的典型特征(2)charactern.性格，特征；人物，角色；字体[即学即练]单句语法填空①Fictionistheessentialcharacteristicofthedrama.②Thecharacteristics(characteristic)ofthemachinearefullydetailedinourbrochure.知识要点2blamev．责怪，指责；把……归咎于(教材P53)TheextinctionofthePintaIslandtortoiseisblamedonhumans.平塔岛龟的灭绝要归咎于人类。[例1]Shedoesn'tblameanyoneforherfather'sdeath.她没把她父亲的死归罪于任何人。[例2]HowcanIblamehim?Itwasn'tintentional.我怎么能怪他呢？那又不是有意的。[造句]别责怪他。他总还是个孩子。Don'tblamehim.Afterall，he'sonlyachild.[知识拓展][即学即练]单句语法填空①Whilewecan'tchangethebodytypewearebornwith，wecan'tblameourgenesformakingusfat.②ThepoliceblamedthetrafficaccidentonJack'scarelessdriving.③Thedriverwasnottoblame(blame)forthetrafficaccident.④Youmustbeartheblamefortheaccident.知识要点3declinevi.下降；减少；衰退；拒绝；谢绝n．下降；衰退；衰退期(教材P53)Aftergoatsinparticularhadbeenbroughttotheisland，thePintaIslandtortoisepopulationdeclined.特别是山羊被带到岛上后，平塔岛龟的数量下降了。[例1]Thenumberofstaffhasdeclinedfrom217,000to114,000.员工人数已从217000人减少到114000人。-3-[例2]Thecompanyreportedasmalldeclineinitsprofits.公司报告其利润略有减少。[造句]他要给男孩们拿些咖啡。他们礼貌地拒绝了。Heofferedtheboyssomecoffee.Theydeclinedpolitely.[知识拓展](1)decline(from...)to...(从……)下降/减少到……declineby下降/减少了……declinedoing/todosth.婉言拒绝做某事(2)fallinto(a)decline开始衰落，衰弱下去；走下坡路adeclinein……的下降indecline在下降，在衰退[即学即练]单句语法填空①Sincethebeginningof2019，thepriceofworldwidemilkproductshasdeclinedby3.8%.②IndustryinBritainhasbeenindeclinesincethe1970s.③Hedeclinedgoing/togo(go)tothepartywithher.知识要点4detectv．发现，察觉(尤指不易察觉到的事物)(教材P56)Whenanotherbeanplantdetectsthechemicalsfromitsinjuredneighbour，itstartstoreleaseitsown，differentchemicals.当另一棵豆秧察觉到从它受伤的邻居身上释放出的这些化学物质时，它开始释放自己的不同化学物质。[例1]Thedentistcoulddetectnodecayinherteeth.牙科医生检查了她的牙，没有发现龋齿。[例2]Thetestsaredesignedtodetectthediseaseearly.这些检查旨在早期查出疾病。[造句]我能觉察到老人脸上的一丝悲伤。Icoulddetectacertainsadnessintheoldman'sface.[知识拓展](1)detectsb.indoingsth.发现某人正在做某事(坏事)(2)detectiven.侦探detectionn.侦查，发现，发觉[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hewasdetectedincheating(cheat)intheexam.②Thedetective(detect)wastryingtowinkleinformationoutofher.-4-③Lastyearthedetection(detect)rateforcartheftwasjust13%.SentencePatterns重点句式1besaidto据说……(教材P56)AlexandertheGreatandMarcoPoloweresaidtohavevisitedsuchatreeinIndia.据说亚历山大大帝和马可波罗在印度都去看过这样一棵树。句式分析：sb./sth.issaid...，是一个被动语态的谓语形式，常译为“据说……”，此结构中被动语态的谓语动词后总是跟一个不定式。[例1]Hewassaidtohavelosthiswilltolive.据说他已经失去了生存的意志。[例2]Theyaresaidtocontrollargepartsoftheeastandsouthofthecountry.据说他们控制了该国东部和南部的大片地区。[造句]据说她是一位剪纸大师。Sheissaidtobeamasterofpapercutting.[知识拓展](1)本句型中的不定式可用一般时、进行时或完成时，分别表示与谓语动词动作同时发生或在其后发生的动作或状态、与谓语动词动作同时发生的进行动作或在谓语动词动作之前发生的完成动作。(2)类似句型：sb./sth.isbelieved/reportedtodosth.＝Itisbelieved/thought/hoped/reportedthat...人们相信/认为/希望/据报道……[即学即练]单句语法填空①Heissaidtobewriting(write)anothernovelaboutthesametheme.②Sheissaidtohavegone(go)abroad.③Americaisreported(report)todeclarewaronIranlikely.重点句式2way后面跟定语从句(教材P57)Scientistsarelearningmoreeverydayaboutthesecretwaysinwhichplantstalktoeachother.科学家们每天都在了解更多关于植物相互交流的秘密方式。句式分析：本句是一个复合句，inwhich引导的定语从句修饰先行词ways。[例]Ilikedtheopen，honestwayinwhichthemantalkedtome.我喜欢那个人和我坦率、诚恳的谈话方式。[造句]这是他记住单词的最好方法。-5-Thisisthebestwayinwhichhecanrememberthewords.[知识拓展](1)way后面的定语从句还可以用that引导，或不用关系词。(2)way作先行词，如果关系词在从句中作主语、宾语，只能用that或which，作宾语时，that及which均可省略；作状语时，关系词用that或inwhich，并且还可省略。[即学即练]单句语法填空①I'mdisgustedwiththewaythat/inwhichhewastreated.②Icouldn'tunderstandthewaythat/whichheintroducedtome.排序题排序题的考查形式是在选项中列举一些具体的事实，然后对这些事实进行排序。[例文]Aschoolgirlsavedherfather'slifebykickinghiminthechestafterhesufferedaseriousallergic(过敏的)reactionwhichstoppedhisheart.Izzy，nine，restartedfatherColm'sheartbystamping(踩)onhischestafterhefelldownathomeandstoppedbreathing.Izzy'smother，Debbie，immediatelycalled999butIzzyknewdoctorswouldneverarriveintimetosaveherfather，sodecidedtouseCPR.However，shequicklydiscoveredherarmsweren'tstrongenough，soshestampedonherfather'schestinstead.方法技巧：要求考生根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序，解题方法可采用“首尾定位法”。即先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。◆What'stherightorderoftheevents?①IzzykickedColm.②Debbiecalled999.③IzzylearnedCPR.④Colm'sheartstopped.A．③①②④B．④②③①C．③④②①D．④③①②[答案]C请快速排出下列事件的正确顺序Peoplecanuseahomecomputertomaketheirshoppinglists.Onceatthestore，-6-ashoppercanuse