Unit2Topic1Pollutionhascausedtoomanyproblems.Ⅰ.词汇归纳:1.noise(n.)噪音–noisy(adj.)嘈杂的voice嗓音sound声音2.chemistry(n.)化学–chemical(n./adj.)化学的/化学品–chemist(n.)化学家3.leaf–leaves(pl.)树叶4.butterfly–butterflies(pl.)蝴蝶5.pollute(v.)–pollution(n.)污染5.produce(v.)生产---producer(n.)生产者6.breathe(v.)–breath(n.)呼吸7.harm(v.)–harmful(adj.)损害8.hear(v.)听见–hearing(n.)听力loseone’shearing/havehearingloss丧失听力9.lose(v.)–loss(n.)丧失10.comfort(v.)---comfortable(adj.)舒适–uncomfortable(adj.)不舒适11.please(v.)取悦–pleased(adj.)感到高兴–pleasant(adj.)令人愉快---unpleasant(adj.)令人不愉快12.environment(n.)–environmental(adj.)环境environmentalproblems环境(问题)13.create(v.)–creative(adj.)---creation(n.)创造Ⅱ.词组归纳:14.beartodosth./beardoingsth.忍受做某事15.nobetterthan和…几乎一样差16.It’sreportedthat…据报道…17.severalhundred/thousand/million/billion几百/千/百万/十亿18.pour…into…把…倒入…16.cutit/themdown砍倒17.beharmfulto/doharmtosb/sth对…有害18.highbloodpressure高血压19.lookweak看起来虚弱20.begone/disappeared消失21.beinagood/badmood心情好/不好22.carefor关注,关心23.throwit/themaround把…乱扔24.godeaf变聋25.allsorts/kindsof各种各样26.begoodfor/bebadfor对…有益/害27.hadbetter(not)dosth最好(不)做…28.Whatamess!多么杂乱啊!29.Whatashame!多么可惜啊!Ⅲ.重点句子:1.Youcouldseebeesandbutterfliesdancing.你可以看到蜜蜂蝴蝶在飞舞。2.Theflowersandgrasshavegone.花和草不见了。3.What’sworse,thefactorymakestoomuchnoise.更为糟糕的是,工厂发出太多的噪音。4.Thereareseveralchemicalfactoriespouringwastewaterintothestream.有几家化工厂往小溪排放废水。5.Everythinghaschanged.一切都改变了。6.I’vegotapaininmythroat.我喉咙疼。7.Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?I’vebeenlikethissincelastweek.你像这样有多久了?从上个星期以来就一直这样。8.Littermakesamessofourenvironment,sopeopleshouldn’tthrowitaround.垃圾使我们的环境一团糟,所以我们不应该乱扔垃圾。9.Notallpeopleknownoiseisalsoakindofpollutionandisharmfultohumans’heath.不是所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染并且对人类健康一样有害。not与both,all,every及every的派生词连用时表示部分否定;如:NoteverybodylikeswatchingTV.不是每个人都喜欢看电视。---neither,none,nothing,nobody,noone表示全部否定。如:Neitherofthestudentslikesreading.这两个学生都不喜欢看书。10.ItwasreportedthatmanyteenagersinAmericacanhearnobetterthan65-year-oldpeopledo.据报道美国许多青少年的听力和65岁老人的听力一样差。11.Therearemanykindsofpollutionaroundus,includingairpollution,soilpollution,noisepollutionandlightpollution,waterpollutionandsoon.我们周围有许多污染,包括空气污染,土地污染,噪音污染,光污染,水污染等等。12.Withtheincreaseinpopulationandthedevelopmentofindustry,litteriseverywhere.随着人口的增长和工业的发展,垃圾到处都是。13.Withlesspollution,ourplanetwillbecomegreenerandourhealthwillbebetter.随着污染的减少,我们的星球更环保我们的身体更健康。14.Toomuchnoisecancausehighbloodpressureaswell.太多的噪音也能导致高血压。15.Farmersusechemicalstoomuchintheirfields./Farmersusetoomanychemicalswhichdestroythesoilintheirfields.定语从句(修饰chemicals)在田里,农民们过多的使用化肥。/在田里,农民们使用太多的破坏土壤的化肥。16.Quiteafewpeoplelivingnearairportsalsohavehearingloss.定语(修饰people)很多生活在飞机场附近的人也丧失了听力。17.Peoplewhoworkandliveinnoisyconditionsoftengodeaf.在噪音条件下工作和生活的人易变聋。定语从句(修饰people)Ⅳ.Grammar:一般过去时与现在完成时的区别一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作,说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情,与现在没有关系;表示过去的时间状语有yesterday,lastweek,amomentago,in2013等。现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示过去的时间状语连用。现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类:⑴现在完成时常与already(已经),just(刚刚,正好),ever(曾经),never(从来,也不;从不),before(以前),yet(仍然)等连用。⑵现在完成时常与recently(近来),sofar(到目前为止),inthepast/“last+一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间,句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。⑶现在完成时时常与“for+时间段或since+过去时间点”连用(含从句,从句过去时)。⑷现在完成时还与once(一次),twice(两次),threetimes(三次),severaltimes(几次)等表示重复次数的词语连用。Exercises:一.句型转换1、Theoldmanlastyear.He_________forayear.(die)(动词适当形式填空)2、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同义句转换)Thisfactory_________________fortwentyyears.3、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句转换)MissGaoanhourago.4、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.(同义句)Hermother_______thePartythreeyears_.5、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(同义句转换)_______twoyearstheGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.6、Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子)___________________________________________二.用适当的时态填空:1.She’s(live)hereeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem(be)inHongkongfortendays.3.Bothofthem(come)toHongkongtendaysago.4.Halfanhour______________(pass)sincethetrain(leave).5.Mary___________(lose)herpen.________you(see)ithereandthere?6._________you(find)yourwatchyet?7.---Areyouthirsty?---No,I_________just(have)someorange.8.We----already(return)thebook.9.__________they(build)anewschoolinthevillage?10.I(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme?11.Myfather(read)thenoveltwice.12.I(buy)abookjustnow.13.I(lost)mywatchyesterday.Unit2Topic2Alltheseproblemsareserious.一、短语blowstrongly(风)吹得猛cutsth.down砍伐asaresult结果是change/turninto变成change/turn…into…把……变成blow/wash/take…away把……吹走/冲走/带走humanbeings=humans人类such+n.that…如此……以至于so+adj.that…如此……以至于liveahappy/quietlife过上快乐/安静的生活comeintobeing形成stop/prevent…(from)doing阻止……做某事keep…fromdoing阻止……做某事indangerof处于……的危险中dieout灭绝plentyof大量的,充足的cometounderstand/know开始(逐渐)明白/知道theimportanceof的重要性do/tryone’sbesttodo尽力做某事Itsays(that)…它说Itissaidthat…据说somethinguseful/important一些有用/重要的事noneof中一个也没hereandthere=everywhere到处inpublic在公共场合walkongrass践踏草地carefor关心、关注makenoise制造噪音toomanyn.(pl.)太多toomuchn.(U)太多muchtooadj.太worstofall最糟糕的是inthebeginning起初atthebeginningof在……的开端duringthisperiod在这期间inmanyways在很多方面allover/around/throughout/intheworld全世界millionsof上百万的havehealthproblems有健康方面的问题passthrough…通过…mai