Module4语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.熟练掌握have/hasgot的用法2.熟练掌握some,any的用法3.熟练掌握名词及名词的复数形式一、have/hasgot的用法1.havegot意为“有;拥有”,如果想表达某人拥有某物,可用句型“主语+have/hasgot+其他”,其中have有人称和数的变化,当句子主语为第三人称单数或单数名词时,用hasgot。当句子主语是其他人称时,用havegot。2.havegot的否定形式为:haven’tgot或hasn'tgot。Wehaven’tgotanyjuice.我们没有果汁。3.havegot的一般疑问句形式,将have/has提到主语前即可。---Haveyougotanycarrot?你有胡萝卜吗?---Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.是的,我有。/不,我没有。4.have/hasgot与therebe句型的区别(1)therebe句型表示“存在,某地/某时有某人/某物”。Thereisabookonthedesk.桌子上有本书。(2)havegot表示“某人拥有某物”,此时是一种所有关系。Shehasgotadog.她有一只狗。二、some,any的用法some和any可用作形容词,意为“一些”,在句中修饰名词。1.some和any既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词,但some常用在肯定句中,而any则常用在否定和疑问句中。Ihavesomemeatforlunch,butIdon'thaveanyvegetables.我午饭吃了些肉,但是没有吃蔬菜。2.在表示请求、建议或者是希望得到对方肯定回到的疑问句中,须用some而不用any。CanIaskyousomequestions,Lucy?露西,我可以问你一些问题吗?(期望得到肯定回答)3.any用于肯定句中,修饰可数名词单数,意为“任何一个”。Anymanknowsthat.任何人都知道那件事。三、可数名词与不可数名词名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词两类,凡是可以计数的名词称为可数名词,凡是不可以计数的名称称为不可数名词。1.可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式,可数名词单数前可用不定冠词a/an来修饰。复数名词前可用some,any,many及数词(one除外)等来修饰。apencil一支铅笔manyboats许多船twopencils两支铅笔2.不可数名词没有单复数变化,可用some,any,much等来修饰。somejuice一些果汁muchmilk许多牛奶不可数名词前不能用不定冠词、数词及many来修饰,表示数量时用“计量单位词+of短语”表示,其数量也应通过of前面的名词体现出来。aglassofwater一杯水twoglassesofwater两杯水3.名词复数的变化规则:(1)一般在词尾加-s。book→booksbag→bags(2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词,一般在词尾加-es。class→classes(3)以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词,在词尾加-s。boy→boys(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加-es。strawberry→strawberriesfamily→families(5)以f或fe结尾的名词,将f或fe变为v,再加-es。knife→kniveswife→wives(6)一些以字母o结尾的名词变复数时有的加-es,有的加-s。Negro→Negroeshero→heroestomato→tomatoespotato→potatoeszoo→zoos4.还有一些不规则变化变内部原因字母:man→men男人woman→women女人foot→feet脚tooth→teeth牙齿单复数同形:sheep绵羊deer鹿Chinese中国人Japanese日本人完全不规则:child→children孩子mouse→mice老鼠单项选择1.---Haveyougotanyjuice?---.ButI'vegotsometea.A.Yes,IdoB.No,Idon'tC.Yes,IhaveD.No,Ihaven't2.(2014天津中考)---Istherebeefinthefridge?---No,thereisn't.Thereispork.A.some,anyB.any,anyC.some,someD.any,some3.(2013贵州安顺中考)---Wouldyoulikecoffee?---No,thanks.Idon'twantdrinks(饮料)now.A.any,anyB.any,someC.some,someD.some,any4.(2014四川凉山中考)---Whereareyougoing,Sam?---Thereisn'tanyinthefridge.I'llgoandbuysome.A.vegetablesB.beefC.eggsD.money5.(2014贵州贵阳中考)---“Lily,let'smakevegetablesalad.Howmanydoweneed?”---“Oneisenough.”A.orangesB.potatoC.tomatoes6.Sheisoneofmybest.A.friendB.friendsC.afriendD.friendes7.Youshouldn'tbuyany,therearemanyinthefridge.A.juiceB.meatC.milkD.eggs解析及答案:1.由答语中的“但是我有一些茶”推断我没有果汁,havegot一般疑问句的否定回答为No,Ihaven't,故选D。2.可用“语法分析法”解题。some常用于肯定句,any常用语否定句和疑问句。上句为一般疑问句,故第一个空用any,答语后为肯定句,故第二个空用some,故选D。3.一般情况下,some用在肯定句中,any用在否定句和疑问句中。但是,在期望得到对方的肯定回答时,疑问句中仍然用some,故选D。4.可用“综合分析法”解题。由Thereisn't...可知后接可数名词单数或不可数名词,应排除A、C两项;由inthefridge(在冰箱里)可排除money(钱),剩下beef(牛肉),故选B。5.可用“找关键词法”解题。有前句中的关键词vegetablesalad“蔬菜沙拉”可知,应选择蔬菜,排除A;howmany意为“多少”,后接复数名词,故选C。6.此题考查固定搭配,oneof后接可数名词复数,意为“...之一”,friend的复数形式为friends,故选B。7.此题考查名词用法。第二句中的many代替可数名词复数,意为“许多”,故选D。基础演练一、单项选择1.Thereissomeinthefridge.A.juiceB.carrotC.appleD.potato2.We'vegotlotsof.A.appleB.beefC.vegetableD.milks3.Toomuchisbadyou.A.apples;forB.oranges;withC.meat;forD.meat;with4.Hisfavouritefoodbeefandrice.A.isB.areC.isn'tD.be5.Jackhasgotcakes,buthehasn'tgot.A.some;somebreadB.some;anybreadC.some;anybreadsD.any;somebread答案:1-5ABCAB二、选词填空(句子选词填空)aanthesomeany1.Thereismeatandvegetables.2.Havewegotcoffee?3.HerfriendisAmericangirl.4.What'sinbasket?5.Thereistomatoandthreebananasonthattable.6.Therearen'tbooksinthebag.答案:1.some2.any3.an4.the5.a6.any巩固提高三、适当形式填空(单句适当形式)1.Beansandeggsare(health)food.2.Howmany(tomato)arethereinthebox?3.Mydaughterlikes(potato)verymuch.4.Wehaven'tgotany(chicken)inthefridge.5.There(be)somewaterinthecup.答案:1.healthy2.tomatoes3.potatoes4.chicken5.is四、按要求转换句型1.Wehavegotsomeapples.(改为否定句)Weapples.2.Maryhasgotsomemilk.(改为一般疑问句)Marymilk?3.Hehasgotatomato.(变为复数句)gotsome.4.Therearesomepotatoesinherhand.(改为同义句)Shesomepotatoesinherhand.答案:1.haven'tgotany2.Has,gotany3.Theyhave,tomatoes4.hasgot一、单项选择1.------A.HamburgersB.TomatoC.BananasD.EggsA.chickensC.icecreamsD.bananas3.------D.tomatoesandnoodles4.Whichisdifferent(不同的A.Oranges.B.Apples.C.Bananas.D.Carrots.A.anyC.anD.much6.Pleasegiveme________andtwoA.abottleofapplejuices;breadsB.abottleofapplejuice;fruitcakes]C.anapplejuice;breadD.someapplejuices;fruitcake7.---Wouldyoulikesomething?---A.toeatB.eatingD.toate8.Whatwouldyoulikesupper?A.ofB.forD.in9.---Wouldyoulikerice?---A.anyB.aD.an10.Thereisorangeonthetable.orangeA.an;AnB.the;TheC.an;TheD.the;an答案:1-5BDDDB6-10BABCC二、完形填空Mrs.Jones:Whichmealdoweneedmost(最需要),breakfast,lunchor1?Tony:Dinner.Mrs.Jones:Dinneristhebiggestmealoftheday.ButIdon't2weneeditmost.Tony:Islunchthemealweneedmost?Mrs.Jones:No,3isthemealweneedmost.Butwhy?Kate:Itisalongtimefromnighttomorning.Wehaveno4.Mrs.Jones:Right!Ifwedon'thavebreakfast,wedon'tfeel5.Butwhatmakesagoodbreakfast?James:Ithinkwecan6milk,bread,noodlesorporridge(粥).7aregoodforus.Mrs.Jones:That'sright.Wecaneatsomevegetablesandfruit8themorning,too.Theymakeushealthy.David:I9colaalot.CanIhavetha