第3章整式的加减3.4整式的加减3.去括号与添括号第1课时去括号[学生用书P81]1.(a-1)的相反数为()A.a-1B.a+1C.1-aD.-a-12.下列各式中,去括号正确的是()A.x+2(y-1)=x+2y-1B.x-2(y-1)=x+2y+2C.x-2(y-1)=x-2y-2D.x-2(y-1)=x-2y+23.化简a+b-2(a-b)的结果是()A.3b-aB.-a-bC.a+3bD.-a+b4.-[a-(b-c)]去掉括号后为()A.-a-b-cB.-a-b+cC.a+b-cD.-a+b-c5.[2016·株洲]计算:3a-(2a-1)=____.6.在括号前填入正号或负号,使左边与右边相等.(1)y-x=___(x-y);(2)(x-y)2=____(y-x)2;(3)(x-y)3=____(y-x)3.7.计算:(x-y+z)-(x-y-z)+(x+y-z)=___.8.先去括号,再合并同类项:(1)3(5a+4)-(3a-10);(2)(8a-4b)-(4a+4b-c)-2a;(3)-3x2+(3x-4x2)-(2x2-3x+6);(4)7(a2b-ab)-2(a2b-3ab).9.先去括号,再合并同类项:(1)-3(2s-5)+6s;(2)3x-5x-12x-4;(3)6a2-4ab-42a2+12ab;(4)-3(2x2-xy)+4(x2+xy-6).10.[2017·甘井子区期末]先化简,再求值:(2x2-1+3x)+4(1-3x-2x2),其中x=-1.11.[2017·崆峒区期末]先化简,再求值:-a2b+(3ab2-a2b)-2(2ab2-a2b),其中a=-1,b=-2.12.[2017·江津区期末]先化简,再求值:2×-3xy+52x2-[2x2-3(2xy-x2)-2xy],其中x=-2,y=12.13.[2017·卢龙县期末]先化简,再求值:-6x+3(3x2-1)-(9x2-x+3),其中x=-13.14.已知2xmy2与-3xyn是同类项,计算m-(m2n+3m-4n)+(2nm2-3n)的值.15.[2017·凉州区期末]先化简,后求值:-2(mn-3m2)-[m2-5(mn-m2)+2mn],其中m、n满足|m-1|+(n+2)2=0.参考答案【分层作业】1.C2.D3.A4.D5.a+16.-+-7.x+y+z8.解:(1)3(5a+4)-(3a-10)=15a+12-3a+10=(15-3)a+(12+10)=12a+22;(2)(8a-4b)-(4a+4b-c)-2a=8a-4b-4a-4b+c-2a=(8-4-2)a+(-4-4)b+c=2a-8b+c;(3)-3x2+(3x-4x2)-(2x2-3x+6)=-3x2+3x-4x2-2x2+3x-6=(-3-4-2)x2+(3+3)x-6=-9x2+6x-6;(4)7(a2b-ab)-2(a2b-3ab)=7a2b-7ab-2a2b+6ab=(7-2)a2b+(-7+6)ab=5a2b-ab.9.解:(1)-3(2s-5)+6s=-6s+15+6s=15;(2)3x-5x-12x-4=3x-5x-12x+4=3x-5x+12x-4=-32x-4;(3)6a2-4ab-42a2+12ab=6a2-4ab-8a2-2ab=-2a2-6ab;(4)-3(2x2-xy)+4(x2+xy-6)=-6x2+3xy+4x2+4xy-24=-2x2+7xy-24.10.解:(2x2-1+3x)+4(1-3x-2x2),=2x2-1+3x+4-12x-8x2,=-6x2-9x+3,把x=-1代入-6x2-9x+3=-6+9+3=6.11.解:原式=-a2b+3ab2-a2b-4ab2+2a2b=-ab2,当a=-1,b=-2时,原式=-(-1)×(-2)2=4.12.解:原式=-6xy+5x2-(2x2-6xy+3x2-2xy)=-6xy+5x2-2x2+6xy-3x2+2xy=2xy,当x=-2,y=12时,原式=2×(-2)×12=-2.13.解:原式=-6x+9x2-3-9x2+x-3=-5x-6.当x=-13时,原式=53-6=-133.14.解:因为2xmy2与-3xyn是同类项,所以m=1,n=2.m-(m2n+3m-4n)+(2nm2-3n)=m-m2n-3m+4n+2nm2-3n=(m-3m)+(4n-3n)+(2nm2-m2n)=-2m+n+m2n.当m=1,n=2时,原式=-2×1+2+12×2=2.15.解:由|m-1|+(n+2)2=0可知m=1,n=-2,∴原式=-2mn+6m2-(m2-5mn+5m2+2mn)=-2mn+6m2-m2+5mn-5m2-2mn=mn=-2.关闭Word文档返回原板块。