搜索
1虚拟语气（SubjunctiveMood）★英语中的语气（themood）：1.______________________（theindicativemood）表示说话人认为他所说的是事实。e.g.Lucypreferscoffetotea.Didyougotothemovieyesterdaymorning?Whatacolddayitistoday!2._______________________(theimperativemood)表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。主语一般是___________人称，常省略。动词用______________,其否定式一律用“_________________”.e.g.Passmethetea,please.Becareful.=Don’tbesocareless.Don’tswitchoffthelight.特殊情况：1）Let’s和Letus常用语引导祈使句。_____________表示提出建议，讲话对象包括听话人和讲话人双方，常译成__________.___________的讲话对象只是听话人，常译成_____________.e.g.Let’sdiscussthisquestion,____________?Letushaveatry,_________?2）祈使句可用______强调，加强语气。e.g.Dotellmewhyyouwereangry.3）祈使句后面可接附件问句，通常是“____________”或“______________”.e.g.Bequiet,won’tyou?4）祈使句也可用在“_______________________________”中表示条件。e.g.Dothatagain,andI’llcallthepolice.Bequietthistime,oryouwillmissthechance.3.________________________(thesubjunctivemood)表示说话人所说的话与事实相反或者实现的可能性极小或表示愿望，请求，建议等。一虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法◆英语中有两种从句，真实条件句和非真实条件句。__________________表示提出的假设完全可以成为现实，因此谓语动词用______语气。________________表示所提出的的假设实现的可能性极小或与事实相反，所以谓语动词用____________________.◆形式和用法：条件状语从句（if）的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反e.g.Theplatformwouldcollapseifallofyoustoodonit.IfLuXunwerealive,howhappyhewouldbetoseethegreatachievementsofNewChina.Ifthedoctorhadbeenavailable,thechildwouldhavebeensaved.IfIhadnotstudiedhard,Iwouldhavefailedintheexam.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.IcouldseethesurfaceofthemoonwithmyowneyesifIweretogotothemoonsomeday.Ifyoumissedthefilmtonight,youwouldfeelsorryforit.考题点击：1.Iamnotfreetoday.IfI___freetoday,I__andvisitsomeofmyfriends.2A.amwillgoB.were,wouldgoC.shallbeD.be,mustgo2.Ifmylawyer___herelastSaturday,he__mefromgoing.A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,wouldpreventD.were,wouldhaveprevented3.IfIweretoseeTom,what___you___metotellhim?A.are,goingtoaskB.do,askC.would,askD.did,ask特殊情况：1)虚拟条件句中的倒装：当虚拟条件句中含有________,__________,__________时，可以把if去掉，同时把were,should,had放在句子的开头。请把下列句子变成倒装形式：1.Ifitwerenotfortheirhelp,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.2.IfIhadknownaboutit,Iwouldhavetoldyou.3.Ifanyoneshouldcall,pleasetakeamessage.考题点击：Whatwouldhavehappened,_____asfarastheriverbank?(01上海)A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther2)错综条件句，又称________________________,指主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间，这时，需要根据意思采用不同时间的动词形式。翻译下列句子，体会用法：IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.Ifhehadlistenedtome,hewouldnotbeinsuchtroublenow.Ifyouhadn’tboughttheticketlastweek,howwouldyougonow?考题点击：Ifyou_____himyesterday,you_____whattodonow.A.asked…wouldknowB.hadasked…wouldhaveknownC.askedhim…knowD.hadasked…wouldknow3)介词短语表条件,又称_________.假设的情况有时不是用虚拟条件句来表示，而是用介词短语（如without,butfor,butthat等）或由连词__________,副词__________或比较级等表示的上下文中。Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavesucceeded.Nothingcouldlivewithoutthesun.Butthatshewasafraid,shewouldhavesaidno.Amorecarefulpersonwouldn’thavemadesomanymistakes.考题点击：Withoutyourhelp,we____suchrapidprogress.A.couldn’tmakeB.wouldn’tmakeC.willnothavemadeD.wouldn’thavemade4)情境中提供虚拟语气，意思是根据____________________来判断使用虚拟语气。Supposetherewerenogravity,objectswouldnotfalltothegroundwhendropped.Shewasn’tfeelingverywell.Otherwiseshewouldn’thaveleftthemeetingsoearly.考题点击：Iwentbyplane;otherwiseI____muchlongertime.A.couldtakeB.wouldtakeC.willhavetakenD.wouldhavetaken二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1..在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用_____________________的虚拟语气形式。“____________”可以省略。常见的动词有:一个坚持____________;两个命令__________,_________;三条建议______________,____________,___________;四项要求_________,_________,_________,3_________;另外有:__________.注意:suggest表暗示表明时insist表坚持认为时不用虚拟语气Heorderedthatthestudents(should)washtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves.Thedoctorsuggestedthatshe(should)haveanoperationatonce.2.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与______________的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。例如:1)与现在事实相反:wish+(that)+did(were)IwishIwereashealthyasyou.IwishthatIhadaplane.2)与过去事实相反:wish+(that)+haddoneIwishIhadbeentotheconcertlastnight.Iwishyouhadwrittentohim.3)与将来事实相反:wish+would/could/might+doIwishhewouldforgiveme.3.wouldrather后的从句也使用虚拟语气，谓语一般用__________来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿……,还是……好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。表示与过去事实相反时，谓语则用__________________时。Johnwantstoseemetoday.Iwouldratherhecametotomorrowthantoday.Iwouldratheryouattendedthemeetingthisafternoon.想一想：下面的wouldrather的用法和上面的有什么不同？IwouldratherwatchTVathomethangotothecinema.Thechildrenwouldwalkthereratherthantakeabus.考题点击：1.Iwenttobedearlylastnight,butIwishIso.A.didn’tdoB.hadn’tdoneC.haven’tdoneD.couldn’tdo2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhadD.hadhad3.Theteacherorderedthatstudents_______.A.mustn’tsmokeB.notsmokeC.smokedD.hadsmoked4.Theteacherdemandedthatthework_____before4o’clock.A.finishedB.finishC.shouldfinishD.befinished三、主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型：1.句型：______________________________________________________________过去分词：suggested,requested,ordered,proposed…Itisrequiredthatnobody(should)smokehere.It’ssuggestedthateverybody(should)buyadictionary.2.句型：______________________________________________________________形容词:important,necessary,natural,right,wrong,better,proper,funny,strange,surprising,essential,imperative,preferable