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2018～2019学年高一第二学期5月考(总第三次)考试英语试题(满分：100分，测试时间：90分钟)第I卷(选择题共60分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMostbuildingsarebuilttostandupstraight,buttheselookasiftheymightfallover!ThechurchtowerofSuurhusenBuiltin1450,the27-metre-highchurchtowerliesinSuurhusen,Germany.Itwasbuiltinwetlandonfoundationsofoaktreetrunks(树干).Whenthelandwasdrained(排水)later,thewoodbrokedown,causingonesideofthetowertobealittlelowerthantheother.In1975,thetowerbecamearealhazardandpeoplewerenotallowedtoenteruntilthefoundationsweremadestrongagain.Thelean(倾斜)ofthetowerisnowaboutfivedegrees.TheLeaningTowerofPisaTheworkofbuildingthetowerbeganin1173,andwasfinallycompletedin1372.Infact,itbegantoleanafterjustacoupleoffloorswerebuilt.Andthisconditioncontinuedinthecenturiesafteritscompletion.Thetowerwasfinallyclosedtothepublicin1990afterpeoplefailedtostabilize(使稳固)itsfoundations.In2001,itwasreopenedafterengineersremovedsoilfromunderneathitsraisedside.Nowitleansjustanangleof3.97degrees.CapitalGateofAbuDhabiCompletedin2011,theCapitalGatetowerinAbuDhabiwasdesignedtoleaneighteendegrees.ThebuildingstandsnexttotheAbuDhabiNationalExhibitionCentreandcontains,amongotherthings,afinehotelwithwonderfulviewsoftheharbour.AlsoknownastheleaningtowerofAbuDhabi,thetowerisoneofthetallestbuildingsinthecity.BigBenofLondonThebuildingleans0.26degreestothenorthwest.Thiswasmainlycausedbytheengineeringprojects(项目)thathavebeencarriedoutinthegroundbelowitsincethelate1800s.Thetower,whichhasbeencontinuouslyopensinceitwascompletedin1858,hasnowhereneartheleanoftheTowerofPisaandisstillcompletelysafetoenter.1.Theunderlinedword“hazard”inParagraph2probablymeans?A.dangerB.churchC.castleD.treasure2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLeaningTowerofPisa?A.Itdidn’tleanuntiltenyearsafteritscompletion.B.Ittookalmosttwohundredyearstocomplete.C.Itwasbuiltonfoundationsofoaktreetrunks.D.Ithasbeenopensinceitwascompleted.3.Whichofthefollowingtowersleansthemostaccordingtothetext?A.ThechurchtowerofSuurhusen.B.TheLeaningTowerofPisa,C.CapitalGateofAbuDhabi.D.BigBenofLondon.4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ThehistoryoftowersB.TheartofbuildingatowerC.TheleaningtowersoftheworldD.TopfourtallesttowersinEuropeBConfucius(551～479BC)wasathinker,educator,andfounderoftheRuSchoolforChinesethought.Hewasawellknownleaderinphilosophyandhealsomademanywisephrasesandtheoriesaboutthelaw,life,andthegovernmentthathelpedmanypeoplelearnaboutnature,theworld,andhumanbeings.Confucius’ssocialphilosophylargelycentersaroundtheconceptof“ren”,whichis“lovingothers”and“honoringone’sparents”.Thosewhohavedeveloped“ren”are“simpleinmannerandslowofspeech”.ForConfucius,suchconcernforothersisprovedthroughthepracticeoftheGoldenRule:“Whatyoudonotwishforyourself,donotdotoothers.”Confuciusthinksagoodrulershipwastohave“de”or“virtue”whichallowsonetowinpeople’ssupportwithoutusinganyforceandkeepgoodorderinhisstatewithouttroublinghimself,andthatarulershouldrulehispeoplebyhisownexampleandtreatthemwithloveandconcern.AcharacteristicofConfucius’thoughtishisemphasis(强调)oneducationandstudy.“Agoodteacherissomeonewhoknowswellthewaysofthepastandthepracticesoftheancients”andhealsothinks“Hewholearnsbutdoesnotthinkislost.Hewhothinksbutdoesnotlearnisingreatdanger.”Confuciusdidnotwritedowntheprinciplesofhisphilosophy;thesewerehandeddownonlythroughhisstudents.LunYu,abookcompiled(编撰)bysomeofhisstudents,isconsideredthemostdependablesourceofinformationabouthislifeandteachings.Oneofthehistoricalworksthatheissaidtohavecompiledandedited,TheSpringandAutumnAnnals,isdescribingChinesehistoryinthestateofLufrom722to481BC.SinceConfucius’steachingsandphilosophywassoadvanced,itwastheeducationforChinafor2,000years.ItiscalledConfucianism.5.WhichofthefollowingexpressesConfucius’seducationalidea？A.Whatyoudonotwishforyourself,donotdotoothers.B.Learningandthinkingshouldgohandinhand.C.“Lovingothers”and“honoringone’sparents”.D.Arulershouldloveandcareabouthispeople.6.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue？A.ConfuciuswasfounderfortheRuSchoolforChinesethought.B.TheSpringandAutumnAnnalsisahistoricalbook.C.ConfuciushasgreateffectonChinesesociety.D.LunYuisabookcompiledbyConfucius.7.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatateachershouldbeapersonwho.A.isoldandexperiencedenoughB.learnsbutdoesn’tthinkC.doesthingsaccordingtogoodoldwaysD.thinksalotbutdoesn’tlearn.CNoonecanbelievethattheGreatWallmightdisappearsomeday.Believeitornot,theGreatWallisbeingdestroyedbypeople.Lessthan20percentoftheGreatWallbuiltintheMingDynastyisstillperfect,butabout80percentisindanger.TheGreatWallcanbecalled“great”mostlybecauseofitsamazinglength.Butweshouldrealizethatthelengthwasmadeupofonebrickatatime.IfwedonothingtosavetheGreatWall,itwillbecomeaseriesofseparatewastelandratherthanahistoricsite.TheGreatWallisactuallyaseriesofwallsbuiltandrebuiltbydifferentdynastiesoverthepast2,000years.ItbeganintheruleofChina’sfirstemperor,QinShihuangoftheQinDynasty,andlastedintotheMingDynasty.ThepartsbuiltbeforetheMingDynastyhavenearlydisappeared.PeoplearefamiliarwithsectionssuchasBadalinginBeijingandJiayugu