山西省芮城县2018-2019学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题

山西省芮城县2018-2019学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题(本试题共150分,时间120分钟。答案一律写在答题卡上)2019.1第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分60分)第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheCoolestInventionsAnOceansVacuumThere’sacollectionofplastictrashinthemiddleofthePacificOcean.It’sbiggerthanTexasandgrowing.Thewaytocleanitupnowistoca5tchitwithnets.Thatisbothcostlyandslow.Instead,theOceanCleanupProjectproposesa62-mile-longfloatingbarrierthatwouldusenaturalcurrentstotraptrash.Ifnextyear’strialssucceed,afullcleanupoperationwouldaimtostartin2020.Itcouldreducethetrashby42%over10years.Easy-OnShoesMatthewWalzer,ahighschoolstudentwithadisability,sentanotetoNike.“Mydreamistogotocollege,”hewrote,“withouthavingtoworryaboutsomeonecomingtotiemyshoeseveryday.”Nikeassignedadesignteamtothechallenge.Thisyear,theycameoutwiththeirsolution:theFlyEase.Thebasketballshoecanbefastenedwithonehand.ApairofNikeFlyEaseshoessellsfor$130.AnAirportforDrones(无人机）AsAmazon,Google,andothersgetreadyfordronedeliveryservice,thereisonebigquestion:Whatkindsofhomebaseswilltheirdroneshave?Rwanda,inAfrica,mayhavetheanswer.There,workerswillsoonstartworkonthree“droneports”.Thegoalsistomakeiteasiertotransportfood,medicalsupplies,electronics,andothergoodsthroughthehillycountryside.Constructionissettobecompletedin2020.1.What’stheadvantageoftheOceansVacuum?A.Itcanbeputintowideusesoon.B.Itcangrowyearbyyear.C.Itcantearplasticintopieces.D.Itcanbeamoney-saver.2.WhatdoweknowaboutNike?A.Itprovidescustomer-friendlyservices.B.Itisdesigningnewshoesfrequently.C.Itoffersfreeshoestothedisabled.D.ItrespondedtoMatthew’srequestpassively.3.WhyisRwandasettingup“droneports”？A.Becausetherearetoomanydrones.B.Becauseroadtravelthereisrough.C.Becausethey’reeasiertoconstructthanroads.D.Becausetheyarereceptivetonewtechnology.BWheneverwetalkaboutholidays,mymotherteasesmysisterandmeabouthowwe“makeoutlikerobbers.”SheisreferringtothefactthatwearehalfJewishandhalfIndian,sowereceivegiftsonboththefestivalsoflights:HanukkahandDiwali.Thoughmymotherteasesus,Idonotmindgettingtwosetsofgifts!Hanukkahiscelebratedonthe25thdayoftheJewishmonth,whichisusuallysometimeinDecember.OnHanukkah,likemostJewishfamilies,welightamenorah(烛台)andsayaprayereachnight.Wealsosayaspecialprayeronthefirstnight.Afterthat,itisatraditionformysisterandmetodo‘hotandcold’forourhiddenHanukkahgifts.Whenwewalktowardsthegift,ourparentssay‘hot’andwhenwewalkfurtheraway,theysay‘cold’.WeeachreceiveonepresenteverynightofHanukkah.AnotherpartIlikeaboutthisholidayisseeingfamilymemberswhowedonotseeoften.Myauntusuallystaysforafewdays,andwesometimesvisitotherrelatives.Diwaliiscelebratedonthe13thdayofthedarkfortnightofthemonthofAshwin(October/November).TocelebrateDiwali,myfamilydoesapooja(印度教的礼拜),orprayers,inhonorofthegoddessLakshmi.Sincesheisthegoddessofwealthandprosperity,thepoojaincludeswashingsilvercoinsinmilkandwater.InIndia,peopledecoratetheirhouseswithlamps,similartothewayyoumightlightupyourhouseforChristmas.Myfamilyjustplacesafewcandlesoutside.Wealsosetofffirecrackers,whichismyfavoritepart.Weoftendothisactivitywithfriendstoaddtotheexcitement.Bothholidayshavedifferenthistoriesandstories.Wecelebratethemindifferentways,yettheybothhavethesamemeaning.TheybothtranslateintoFestivalofLights,andtheybothmeanfamilyandpresentsforme!4.WhydoestheauthorreceivegiftsonbothHanukkahandDiwali?A.Becausehelivesinarichfamily.B.Becausehelivesintwodifferentcountries.C.Becausehisparentslikecelebratingtheirdifferentcultures.D.Becausehisparentslikespendingmoneybuyinggiftsforthem.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“hotandcold”inParagraph2referto?A.AkindofHanukkahgame.B.AkindofHanukkahgift.C.Acanoffestivaldrink.D.Ariddlewrittenonlights.6.WecanlearnfromthetextthatHanukkahandDiwali________.A.sharethesamehistoryandcultureB.arecelebratedbybothJewsandIndiansC.arebothrelatedtothelegendoflightsD.encouragethefamiliestodotheirprayers7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsHanukkahandDiwali?A.Sheenjoyscelebratingbothofthem.B.Shedoesmindspendingthem.C.ShelikesHanukkahbetter.D.ShelikesDiwalibetter.CAreyoupreparingforabigtest?Ifso,youmaywanttogotoplaysomebasketballinbetweenhittingthebooks.Doctorsarestartingtofindmoreandmoreinformationthatsuggestsaconnectionbetweenexerciseandbraindevelopment.JudyCameron,ascientistatOregonHealthandScienceUniversity,studiesbraindevelopment.Accordingtoherresearch,itseemsthatexercisecanmakebloodvessels(血管),includingthoseinthebrain,strongerandmorefullydeveloped.Dr.Cameronissurethatthisallowspeoplewhoexercisetothinkbetter.Asshesays,“whilewealreadyknowthatexerciseisgoodfortheheart,exercisecanactuallycausephysicalchangesinthebrain.”Theeffectsofexerciseonbraindevelopmentcanevenbeseeninbabies.Babieswhodoactivitiesthatrequirealotofmovementandphysicalactivityshowgreaterbraindevelopmentthanbabieswhoarelessphysicallyactive.Evenalittlemovementcanshowbigresults.MargaretBarnes,ascientist,alsobelievesintheimportanceofexercise.Shethinksthatmanylearningdisabilitiesthatchildrenhaveinprimaryschoolorhighschoolcanresultfromalackofmovementasbabies.“Babiesneedmovementthatencouragesandexcitestheirfivesenses.Theynee