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山西省晋中市平遥县第二中学2019-2020学年高二英语12月月考试题第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。ATheAfricanelephant,thelargestlandanimalremainingonearth,isofgreatimportancetoAfricanecosystem(生态系统).Unlikeotheranimals,theAfricanelephantistoagreatextentthebuilderofitsenvironment.Asabigplant-eater,itlargelyshapestheforest-and-savanna(大草原)surroundingsinwhichitlives,thereforesettingthetermsofexistenceformillionsofotheranimalsthatliveinitshabitat(栖息地).Itistheelephant'sgreatdesireforfoodthatmakesitadisturberoftheenvironmentandanimportantbuilderofitshabitat.Initscontinuoussearchforthe300poundsofplantsitmusthaveeveryday,itkillssmalltreesandunderbushes,andpullsbranchesoffbigtrees.ThisresultsinnumerousopenspacesinbothdeeptropicalforestsandinthewoodlandsthatcoverpartoftheAfricansavannas.Intheseopenspacesarenumerousplantsinvariousstagesofgrowththatattractavarietyofotherplant-eaters.Taketherainforestsforexample.Intheirnaturalstate,thespreadingbranchesoverheadshutoutsunlightandpreventthegrowthofplantsontheforestfloor.Bypullingdowntreesandeatingplants,elephantsmakeopenspaces,allowingnewplantstogrowontheforestfloor.Insuchsituations,theforestsbecomesuitableforlargehoofedplant-eaterstomovearoundandforsmallplant-eaterstogettheirfoodaswell.WhatworriesscientistsnowisthattheAfricanelephanthasbecomeanendangeredspecies.Iftheelephantdisappears,scientistssay,manyotheranimalswillalsodisappearfromvastareasofforestandsavanna,greatlychangingandworseningthewholeecosystem.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.DisappearanceofAfricanelephants.B.ForestsandsavannasashabitatsforAfricanelephants.C.TheeffectofAfricanelephants'searchforfood.D.TheeatinghabitofAfricanelephants.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“settingtheterms”mostprobablymean?A.Fixingthetime.B.Worseningthestate.C.Improvingthequality.D.Decidingtheconditions.3.Whatdoweknowabouttheopenspacesinthepassage?A.Theyresultfromthedestructionofrainforests.B.TheyprovidefoodmainlyforAfricanelephants.C.Theyarehometomanyendangeredanimals.D.Theyareattractivetoplant-eatinganimalsofdifferentkinds.4.Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby_____.A.showingtheeffectandthenexplainingthecausesB.pointingoutsimilaritiesanddifferencesC.describingthechangesinspaceorderD.givingexamplesBWalkingissosimpleandconvenientthatitcouldn’tpossiblycountasexercise,right?Wrong.Studyafterstudyshowsthatregularwalkingcanhelpyouloseweightandreduceyourriskofheartdisease.ThestudypublishedinDiabetesResearchandClinicalPracticeshowsthatthebloodpressureoftheoverweightmenbeingtestedimprovedandtheamountofbodyfatgreatlydecreased.That’sgoodnews,becausewalkinghasnowbecomethemostpopularfitnessactivityintheUnitedStates.Convenient,simple,andgentleonthejoints,walkingisperhapstheeasiestformofexercisetomaintain.Accordingtoasurvey,fouroutoffivewomenwhostartawalkingprogramcontinuetowalk,whilehalfofwomenwhoattemptothertypesofaerobicexercise(有氧运动),suchasswimming,dropoutduringthefirstfewmonths.Herearesomebasicsforwalkingexercise.Walkatapacethatmakesyoubreatheheavily,butstillabletotalk.Yourgoal,firstandforemost,istowalkfivedaysaweek,30minutesawalk.Dothat,andyouaregettingthebase-levelamountofexercisethatresearchsaysshouldmaintainyourhealthandvigor(精力).Walkforaslongasyouarecomfortablethefirstweek,evenifitisjusttoyourmailboxandback.Eachfollowingweek,increasethatamountbynomorethan10percent.Starteverywalkwithfiveminutesofeasy-pacedwalking,aboutthesamepaceatwhichyoudoshopping,togetyourbodywarmedup.Then,cooldownattheendofeachwalkwithanotherfiveminutesofeasy-pacedwalking.Thisallowsyourheartratetograduallyspeedupandslowdown.5.ThesurveymentionedinParagraph3showsthat________.A.80%ofthewomensurveyedarewalkingasameansofexerciseB.50%ofthewomensurveyedwanttoswimasameansofexerciseC.walkingismoreeasilymaintainedthanothertypesofaerobicexerciseD.theeffectofwalkingisasgoodasthatofothertypesofaerobicexercise6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutwalkingforexercise?A.Walkingfivedaysaweek,30minutesaltogether,isthegoal.B.Increaseatleast10%oftheamountofeachpreviousweek.C.Eachwalkshouldstartwiththepaceofdoingshopping.D.Walkingasmuchasyoucaninthefirstweekissuggested.7.Whatisthepurposeoftheeasy-pacedwalkingineverywalk?A.Tohelpreduceyourbloodpressure.B.Tohelpreduceyourriskofheartdisease.C.Tohelpyourbodylosefat.D.Tohelpyourheartratechangegradually.8.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoKeepHealthy?B.WalkingforExerciseC.DifferentWaysofExerciseD.IsWalkingaTypeofExercise?CWhydoAmericansstrugglewithwatchingtheirweight,whiletheFrench,whoconsumerichfood,continuetostaythin?NowaresearchbyCornellUniversitysuggestshowlifestyleanddecisionsabouteatingmayaffectweight.ResearchersconcludedthattheFrenchtendtostopeatingwhentheyfeelfull.However,AmericanstendtostopwhentheirplateisemptyortheirfavoriteTVshowisover.AccordingtoDr.JosephMercola,ahealthexpert,theFrenchseeeatingasanimportantpartoftheirlifestyle.Theyenjoyfoodandthereforespendafairlylongtimeatthetable,whileAmericansseeeatingassomethingtobesqueezedbetweentheotherdailyactivities.MercolabelievesAmericanslosetheabilitytosensewhentheyareactuallyf