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专题一名词学前自测（发现考点）()1.Notmuchofthe____issurprisinginGuangzhouDailytoday.A.ideasB.newsC.opinionsD.articles()2.—Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?—____,please.A.TwobottleoforangeB.TwobottleoforangesC.TwobottlesoforangeD.Twobottlesoforanges()3.—Ihad___forbreakfastthismorning.Whataboutyou,Lily?—Justapieceofbread.A.somenoodlesB.afewnoodleC.alittlenoodleD.anoodle()4.Whenweareintrouble,weneedtoget___fromothers.A.manymoneyB.someadviceC.manyhelpD.somechances()5.Greenrepresents____andnature.Whenyoufeelweak,youcanweargreen.A.sadnessB.purityC.joyD.energy()6.Mickeyisoneofthemostfamous____inAmerican_____.A.symbol;cultureB.symbol;culturesC.symbols;cultureD.symbols;cultures()7.SpringisTom’sfavourite____.Helikeswarmweather.A.holidayB.seasonC.fruitD.drink()8.Inautumntherearealotof____ontheground.A.leafB.leafsC.leavesD.leave()9.Look!Youcanseemany___inthepool.Andhereissome___foryoutokeepthem.A.fish;suggestionB.fishes;advicesC.fish;adviceD.fishes;suggestion()10.___Dayiscoming.Iwillbuysome____forMissWu.A.Teacher's;flowerB.Teachers';flowersC.Teachers';flowerD.Teacher's;flowers常考考点知识清单（研习考点）考点一可数名词的复数形式1.规则变化情况构成方法例词一般情况加-spen—pens;doctor—doctors;map—maps以s,x,ch,sh结尾加-esbus—buses;box—boxes;watch—watches;brush—brushes以辅音字母加y结尾将y变为I再加-esfactory—factories;family—families情况构成方法例词以元音字母加y结尾只加-sboy—boys;day—days以o结尾有生命的加-esNegro—Negroes;hero—heroes;potato—potatoes;tomato—tomatoes巧记:黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿。(两人两菜)无生命的加-sphoto—photos;radio—radios;piano—pianos情况构成方法例词以f或fe结尾将f或fe变为v再加-eswife—wives;thief—thieves;shelf—shelves;knife—knives;wolf—wolves;half—halves;leaf—leaves;life—lives巧记:妻见小偷架下藏,手拿小刀想杀狼,谁知落下半片叶,砸在头上一命亡。加-sroof—roofs2.不规则变化(1)man—men;woman—women;child—children;foot—feet;tooth—teeth;goose—geese;mouse—mice(2)单复数相同:sheep—sheep;deer—deer;fish—fish注意:fish强调鱼的条数的时候,单复数同形;强调鱼的种类的时候,复数形式要加-es,即fishes。(3)某国人变复数的歌诀:中日不变英法变,其余-s加后面。Chinese—Chinese;Japanese—Japanese;Englishman—Englishmen;American—Americans(4)有些名词本身是复数形式,如:clothes;pants;trousers;jeans;shorts;glasses;people等。注意:people当“人们”讲时,本身是复数形式;当“民族”讲时,是单数形式,其复数要在末尾加-s。apeople;56peoples3.复合名词的数(1)一般情况下把后面一个名词变为复数,作定语的名词不变。agirlstudent—fivegirlstudents;anappletree—tenappletrees(2)由man和woman构成的复合名词,变复数时要把名词和man/woman同时变为复数。amandoctor—threemendoctors;awomanteacher—sixwomenteachers(3)sport作定语修饰其他名词时,无论主题词是单数还是复数,sport通常用复数形式。asportsclub;sportsshoes注意:时间名词作定语有两种形式:两天的假期atwo-dayholiday或twodays’holiday十分钟的路程aten-minuteride或tenminutes’ride考点二不可数名词1.不可数名词没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词a/an修饰,但可用much,alotof/lotsof,plentyof,some,lit-tle,alittle等修饰。作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。Thereissometeainthecup.茶杯里有些茶。2.不可数名词还常用“数词/不定冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”来表示不可数名词的量。apieceofpaper一张纸,twocupsoftea两杯茶,aglassofwater一玻璃杯水,threebottlesofpop三瓶汽水。作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于of前面的量词的数。Therearethreeglassesoforangejuiceonthetable.桌子上有三杯橙汁。考点三名词所有格1.’s所有格情况方法例子单数名词加’smyfriend’suncle我朋友的叔叔以s结尾的复数名词加’Teachers’Day教师节不以s结尾的复数名词加’sChildren'sDay儿童节表示两人共有在最后一个名词后加’sLucyandLily'smother露西和莉莉的妈妈表示各自所有在各个名词后加’sLucy’sandLily’srooms露西的房间和莉莉的房间2.of所有格主要用于表示无生命事物的所有关系。thenameofthefilm电影的名字thecoverofthebook书的封面3.双重所有格“名词+of+名词性物主代词/名词所有格”构成双重所有格形式。afriendofhers她的一个朋友afriendofMike's迈克的一个朋友考点四专有名词专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。它的第一个字母必须大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。1.表示人名、尊称和头衔的专有名词Einstein爱因斯坦PresidentObama奥巴马总统DoctorLin林博士/林医生QueenElizabethII伊利莎白女王二世MrBrown布朗先生注意:人名的前面若有尊称或头衔,如Mr(先生),President(总统)等时,其第一个字母也要大写。2.表示国名、地名、山河名的专有名词Korea韩国Paris巴黎PacificOcean太平洋Mississippi密西西比河Mt.Qomolangma珠穆朗玛峰3.表示团体、机构和报刊的专有名词MuseumofPostalHistory邮政博物馆ChinaDaily中国日报SydneyOperaHouse悉尼歌剧院HarvardUniversity哈佛大学4.表示星期、月份和节日的专有名词Monday星期一March三月NationalDay国庆节5.由普通名词构成的专有名词theNorthPole北极theRiverNile尼罗河theForbiddenCity紫禁城theBund上海外滩theGreatWall长城theTempleofHeaven天坛theWhiteHouse白宫theTerracottaWarriors兵马俑thePeople’sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国注意:上面列举的由普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词“the”,但它的首字母不大写。巩固训练（夯实基础）一、单项选择()1.—MayIhelpyou?—Yes,I'dliketohave20____.Ineedthemtodrawpictures.A.pieceofpaperB.piecesofpaperC.piecesofpapersD.pieceofpapers()2.—Howdoestheoldmanmakea___onthefarm?—Heraisesmany.A.life;duckB.living;horseC.life;birdD.living;sheep()3.—CanIhelpyou?—I'dlike____fortwindaughters.A.twopairofshoesB.twopairsofshoeC.twopairofshoeD.twopairsofshoes()4.—Kate,what'sinthebigbowl?—Afew_____andalittle.A.pear;waterB.pears;watersC.pear;watersD.pears;water()5.—Thetwocitieshavereachedan____todevelopscienceandtechnology.—That'sgreat!A.educationB.excitementC.agreementD.invitation()6.—Look,myshirtisthesameasyour____.—Soitis.A.brotherB.sistersC.brothersD.brother's()7.Recentlypeoplecaremoreaboutthesafetyof____.Everyonewantstoeathealthily.A.foodsB.clothesC.buildingsD.water()8.Inourschool,thenumberofwomenteachers____becominglargerandlarger.A.isB.areC.beD.been()9.—Therearetwenty____inourschool.—Yes,andtheyworkveryhard.A.manteacherB.manteachersC.menteachersD.menteacher()10.—Isawlotsof_____inthehall.—Andtherewereseveral_____init,too.A.American;JapaneseB.Americans;JapaneseC.American;JapanesesD.Americans;Japaneses二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.WeplayedajokeonJimonApril______(Fool)Day.2.Therearemany__________(Frenchman)visitingthisplace.3.MrGreenisabusinessmanandherunsfour______(factory).4.Itisa_______(please)forme