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,()GB5294TB2089TB2144,,,,:50kev-2Mev,,0-200μR/h0-1000μR/k;,0-5μR/s0-100μR/s;:,(1a1b),:α:0.5cm;.β:2.5cm;10%1:mm1aα2:mm1b:1a1bd5m10m2,,,5,(),1mSv/hmrem/h,,B,1m,32mrem/h(mSv/h,100):β,r,A10m,,15min(β),(cps)1cm11020201.21.0210202050501.41.21.0510202050501001002.31.61.21.05m,3,,,,300cm2,4.2.1.53:a.α:DNNSibiaapah=-•∑66641:Dαx,Bq/cm2;Nii(cps),/s;Nbα(cps),/s;S,cm2;η4πααα,cps/Bqb.β:()()[]DNNNNSibiAibpbh=---•∑121640956/.2:Dβ,Bq/cm2;N1ii(cps),/s;N2ii(cps),/s;Nb(cps),/s;NA1(cps),/s;S,cm2η4πβββ4π,cps/Bq:0.953mmγ(1Mev)5,,:12,5cm4cm5%()3mm,44300cm2,,,(),,;,,:23%;.β,,4.2.1α,:QA=ηNS-Nb3:QA,Bq;η,Bq/cps;Ns(cps),/s;Nb(cps),/s:D=QKSAm××1024:D,Bq/cm2;QA,Bq;K,%;Sm,cm24.1.24.2.1,2m;,,8;,,();1m,3m(5)5()()2m,2m,,,15:a.1m,;b.,2m,0.5m,4;c.,5;d.(),2;7e.,26():α:Dα=NSibi-•∑1515154apah5:Dαα,Bq/cm2;Nii(cps),/s;Nbα(cps),/s;S,cm2;η4πααα,cps/Bqβ:()()[]DNNNNSibiAiibpbh=---•∑215409515/.6:Dββ,Bq/cm2;N1ii(cps),/s;N2ii(cps),/s;Nb(cps),/s;NA1(cps),/s;S,cm2;η4παββ4π,cps/Bq,4:a.;b.,;1m,,5.74.1.14.1.2,:a.1;b.,,,7,574.1.14.1.21m,,()5m(5m),5;5m1m:a.,5;b.1m,,6,0.5m,5():0.5m,47.5.11m,4:a.0.5m,5,9;b.10m4.2.1.1,,4.2.1.2:a.:,,;b.:,,;c.:4;d.:,;e.:,4;f.,LiF(MgCuP)(),GB5294,,TB2144,BCDE10β3.4.11b3mm(,3mm),β,,(Nb);A1,(NA1)B,(N1i),A1(N2i)A1β()β:()()DNNNNSiibiAibpbh=---⋅124095/.:Diββ,Bq/cm2;N1i(cps),/s;N2i(cps),/s;Nb(cps),/s;NAi(cps),/s;Sβ,cm2;η4πβββ,cps/Bq;0.95γ(Eγ=1Mev)11:BqmR/hmR/h12345αβNicpsDαBq/cm2N1iN2iDβBq/cm2123456(Nb)cpsNb1cps::12():αβ;Ni(cps)DαBq/cm2N1i(cps)N2i(cps)DβBq/cm2123456789101112131415::13():2mmR/hmSv/hmR/hmSv/h12345678::14()(CPS)(mSv/h)α(:)β(:)(:):::15