专业综合设计(四节传送带)

吉林化工学院信控学院专业综合设计说明书基于WinCC的四节传送带仿真系统设计学生学号：08540114学生姓名：汤存库专业班级：测控0801指导教师：孙明革刘麒职称：副教授讲师起止日期：2010.10.10～2011.10.28吉林化工学院JilinInstituteofChemicalTechnology吉林化工学院信息与控制工程学院专业综合设计说明书-I-专业综合设计任务书一．设计题目：基于WINCC的四节传送带仿真系统设计二．设计目的1．掌握西门子S7-300PLC的变成和其上位机软件WINCC的编程；2．掌握用WINCC设置仿真系统的变量、图形编辑器、报警记录、用户管理器；3．熟练掌握WINCC的C脚本编程，控件与变量连接。三．设计任务及要求1.启动时先启动最末一条皮带机，经过5秒延时，再依次启动其他皮带机。2.停止时应先停止最前一条皮带机，待料运送完毕后再一次停止其他皮带机。3.当某条皮带机发生故障时，该皮带机及其前面的皮带机立即停止，而该皮带机以后的皮带机待运完后才停止。例如皮带二故障，皮带一、皮带二立即停止，经过5秒延时后，皮带三停，再过5秒，皮带四停。四．设计时间及进度安排设计时间共三周（2011.10.10～2011.10.28）,具体安排如下表：周安排设计内容设计时间第一周根据要求编写下位机程序并测试2011.10.10～2011.10.16第二周学习WINCC软件操作并根据要求编写上位机程序2011.10.17～2011.10.23第三周撰写专业综合设计说明书2011.10.24～2011.10.28五．指导教师评语及学生成绩指导教师评语:年月日成绩指导教师(签字):基于WinCC的四节传送带仿真系统设计-II-摘要本文对四节传送带系统做了系统详细的论述，该系统利用可编程控制器（PLC）作为控制器，控制四节传送带的物品传送及传送过程等操作。并采用组态软件WinCC控制系统方案，设计了传送带控制系统画面、实况模拟、报警记录及历史查询等界面，实现了基于WinCC的四节传送带控制系统的模拟仿真。该控制系统配置灵活、控制可靠、维修方便，提高了生产效率，保证了系统稳定运行。利用仿真系统对所需要操作的系统进行仿真操作，这样可以提前发现系统的弊病，可以进行及时的调整与改进，可以避免一些故障的发生，减少不必要的损失。实践证明该设计方案，不仅可以提高场频的质量与产量，而且可以保障人身安全，改善劳动环境，减轻劳动强度，提高劳动生产率，降低生产成本。关键词：PLC；组态软件WinCC；四节传送带吉林化工学院信息与控制工程学院专业综合设计说明书-III-目录专业综合设计任务书·······································································································I摘要···························································································································II第一章绪论···············································································································11.1WinCC的起源和发展··························································································11.2PLC在工业中的应用···························································································11.3WinCC在工业中的应用·······················································································2第二章工艺及控制方案设计··························································································32.1工艺流程要求····································································································32.2工艺流程··········································································································3第三章下位机软件介绍及编程······················································································43.1下位机软件介绍·································································································43.2下位机编程·······································································································43.3下位机仿真软件································································································8第四章上位机软件介绍及设计······················································································94.1上位机软件WINCC介绍····················································································94.2上位机设计概况································································································94.3上位机和下位机的连接·······················································································94.3.1新建项目·································································································94.3.2外部变量·······························································································104.4欢迎界面········································································································124.5登录界面········································································································144.6控制界面········································································································17结论·························································································································23参考文献···················································································································24吉林化工学院信息与控制工程学院专业综合设计说明书-1-第一章绪论1.1WinCC的起源和发展1968年美国GE(通用汽车)公司提出取代继电器控制装置的要求，第二年美国数字公司研制出了第一代可编程序控制器，满足了GE公司装配线的要求。随着集成电路技术和计算机技术的发展，现在已有第五代PLC产品了。在以改变几何形状和机械性能为特征的制造工业和以物理变化和化学变化将原料转化成产品为特征的过程工业中，除了以连续量为主的反馈控制外，特别在制造工业中存在了大量的开关量为主的开环的顺序控制，它按照逻辑条件进行顺序动作号按照时序动作;另外还有与顺序、时序无关的按照逻辑关系进行连锁保护动作的控制;以及大量的开关量、脉冲量、计时、计数器、模拟量的越限报警等状态量为主的—离散量的数据采集监视。由于这些控制和监视的要求，所以PLC发展成了取代继电器线路和进行顺序控制为主的产品。在多年的生产实践中，逐渐形成了PLC、DCS与IPC三足鼎立之势，还有其它的单回路智能式调节器等在市场上占一定的百分比。在80年代至90年代中期，是PLC发展最快的时期，年增长率一直保持为30~40%。由于PLC机联系处理模拟能力和网络方面功能的进步，挤占了一部分DCS的市场(过程控制)并逐渐垄断了污水处理等行业，但是由于工业PC(IPC)的出现，特别是近年来现场总线技术的发展，IPC和FCS也挤占了一部分PLC市场，所以近年来PLC增长速度，总的说是渐缓。目前全世界有200多厂家生产300多品种PLC产品，主要应用在汽车(23%)、粮食加工(16.4%)、化学/制药(14.6%)、金属/矿山(11.5%)、纸浆/造纸(11.3%)等行业。1.2PLC在工业中的应用PLC具有通用性强、使用方便、适应面广、可靠性高、抗干扰性能强、编程简单等特点。PLC在工业自动化控制特别是顺序控制中的地位在现在乃至今后一段很长的时间内将是其他控制系统不能替代的。（1）可靠性高，抗干扰能力强高可靠性是电气控制设备的关键性能。PLC由于采用现代大规模集成电路技术，采用严格的生产工艺制造，内部电路采取了先进的抗干扰技术，具有很高的可靠性。例如三菱公司生产的F系列PLC平均无故障时间高达30万小时。一些使用冗余CPU的PLC的平均无故障工作时间则更长。从PLC的机外电路来说，使用PLC构成控制系统，和同等规模的继电接触器系统相比，电气接线及开关接点已减少到数百甚至数千分之一，故障也就大大降低。此外，PLC带有硬件故障自我检测功能，出现故障时可及时发出警报信息。在应用软件中，应用者还可以编入外围器件的故障自诊断程序，使系统中除PLC以外的电路及设备也获得故障自诊断保护。这样，整个系统具有极高的可靠性也就不奇怪了。（2）配套齐全，功能完善，适用性强PLC发展到今天，已经形成了大、中、小各种规模的系列化产品。可以用于各种规模的工业控制场合。除了逻辑处理功能以外，现代PLC大多具有完善的数据运算能力，可用于各种数字控制领域。近年来PLC的功能单元大量涌现，使PLC渗透到了位置控制、温度