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2020届中考语法专练之形容词副词讲解及配套真题专练形容词1.形容词的位置：1)形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：1修饰some,any,every,no和body,thing,one等构成的复合不定代词时nobodyabsent,everythingpossible2以-able,-ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后thebestbookavailable,theonlysolutionpossible3alive,alike,awake,aware,asleep等可以后置theonlypersonawake4和空间、时间、单位连用时abridge50meterslong5成对的形容词可以后置ahugeroomsimpleandbeautiful6形容词短语一般后置amandifficulttogetonwith2)多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序：代词数词性状形容词冠词前的形容词冠词指示代词不定代词代词所有格序数词基数词性质状态大小长短形状新旧温度颜色国籍产地材料质地名词allbothsuchtheathisanotheryoursecondnextonefourbeautifulgoodpoorlargeshortsquarenewcoolblackyellowChineseLondonsilkstone3)复合形容词的构成：1形容词+名词+edkind-hearted6名词+形容词world-famous2形容词+形容词dark-blue7名词+现在分词peace-loving3形容词+现在分词ordinary-looking8名词+过去分词snow-covered4副词+现在分词hard-working9数词+名词+edthree-egged5副词+过去分词newly-built10数词+名词twenty-yearII.副词副词的分类：1时间副词soon,now,early,finally,once,recently5频度副词always,often,frequently,seldom,never2地点副词here,nearby,outside,upwards,above6疑问副词how,where,when,why3方式副词hard,well,fast,slowly,excitedly,really7连接副词how,when,where,why,whether,however,meanwhile4程度副词almost,nearly,very,fairly,quite,rather8关系副词when,where,whyIII.形容词和副词比较等级：形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more和most。1.同级比较时常常用as…as…以及notso(as)…as…如：Iamnotsogoodaplayerasyouare.2.可以修饰比较级的词有：much,many,alot,even,far,abit,alittle,still,yet,byfar,any,agreatdeal。3.表示一方随另一方变化时用“themore…themore…”句型。如：Theharderyouwork,themoreprogressyouwillmake.4.用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：Ihaveneverspentamoreworryingday.5.表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：Ourschoolisthreetimeslargerthanyours./Ourschoolisfourtimesaslargeasyours./Ourschoolisfourtimesthesizeofyours.6.表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite,excellent,extreme,perfect。五．介词I.介词分类：1简单介词about,across,after,against,among,around,at,below,beyond,during,in,on2合成介词inside,into,onto,outof,outside,throughout,upon,within,without3短语介词accordingto,becauseof,insteadof,upto,dueto,owingto,thanksto4双重介词fromamong,frombehind,fromunder,tillafter,inbetween5分词转化成的介词considering(就而论),including6形容词转化成的介词like,unlike,near,next,oppositeII.常用介词区别：1表示时间的in,on,atat表示片刻的时间，in表示一段的时间，on总是与日子有关2表示时间的since,fromsince指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用，from指从时间的某一点开始3表示时间的in,afterin指在一段时间之后，after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中4表示地理位置的in,on,toin表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外5表示“在…上”的on,inon只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分6表示“穿过”的through,acrossthrough表示从内部通过，与in有关，across表示在表面上通过，与on有关7表示“关于”的about,onabout指涉及到，on指专门论述8between与among的区别between表示在两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间9besides与except的区别besides指“除了…还有再加上”，except指“除了，减去什么”，不放在句首10表示“用”的in,withwith表示具体的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，单位，语言，声音11as与like的区别as意为“作为，以…地位或身份”，like为“象…一样”，指情形相似12in与into区别in通常表示位置（静态），into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置真题链接：1.-Whatdoyouthinkofworkingasadoctor?-It'sagoodjobtohelppeoplekeep___________.(2019.江苏淮安)A.busyB.strictC.healthyD.generous2.Julietakesgoodcareofthefamilydog.Sheis_________________thanherbrother.(2019.北京)A.patientB.morepatientC.mostpatientD.themostpatient3.Moreandmorepeoplehaverealizedthatclearwaterandgreenmountainsareasasmountainsofgoldaandsilver.（2019福建）A.centralB.specialC.valuable4.How____itrainedyesterday!Wehadtocancelourfootballmatch.(2019甘肃兰州)AheavilyB.lightC.heavyD.lightly5.—Whatdoyouthinkoftheenvironmentinyourhometown?(2019甘肃天水)—It's.Boththeairandthewaterarebadlypolluted.A.notbadB.asgoodasbeforeC.muchbetterthanbeforeD.notasgoodasbefore6.Samis11yearsold.Peteris16yearsold.Peteris5years____thanSam.（2019甘肃敦煌)A.olderB.shorterC.newerD.longer7.Icould____controlmyfeelingsatthemoment.Themovieremindsmeofmychildhood.（2019甘肃敦煌)A.reallyB.nearlyC.slowlyD.hardly8.Fishingisoneof____activitiesamongthemiddle-agedpeople.(2019广东)A.popularB.morepopularC.mostpopularD.themostpopular9.Amobilephonewith5Gcansendvideosmuch____thantheonewith4G.(2019广东)A.FastB.fasterC.fastestD.thefastest10．Teaisoneof_____drinksintheworld．（2019广西百色）A．morepopularB．themorepopularC．mostpopularD．themostpopular11．WangWeispeaksEnglishas_____asYangLan．TheybothstudyEnglishhard．（2019广西百色）A．goodB．wellC．betterD．best12．﹣WhyisMikesopopularinyourclass？(2019广西北部湾)﹣﹣﹣Becausehealwaystellsjokes．Heis________．A．humorousB．politeC．honestD．friendly13．WhywasJimlateforworkthismorning？﹣﹣﹣Hegotuplate．(2019广西贵港)A．nearlyB．graduallyC．hardlyD．probably14．WhatdoyouthinkoftheTVprogramTheReader？(2019广西贵港)﹣﹣﹣Excellent．Manypeopleareaboutit．Theynevermissit．A．nervousB．worriedC．crazyD．angry15．Frankhaschangedalot，hasn'the？﹣﹣﹣Yes．Heismuchbecauseheexerciseseveryday．(2019广西贵港)A．strongB．strongerC．strongestD．thestrongest16.---Youaresingingtotheplants!---That’strue.Ibelieveithelpsthemgrow.A.slowerB.betterC.harder17.Peterstudies______________ofallthestudentsinhisclass.(2019广西柳州)A.hardB.harderC.hardest18.-Royneverlikesjunkfood.（2019贵州安顺）-NeitherdoI.That'sprobablywhyI'mbecoming____________now.A.healthyandhealthyB.moreandmorehealthilyC.weakerandweakerD.healthierandhealthier19.Janeisverythirsty,sosheneedssome.(2019贵州毕节)A.waterB.breadC.cakesD.rice20.Doesthedishtasteasasitlooks?(2019贵州毕节)A.wellB.bestC.goodD.better21.Weshouldnotgooutside,insuchaterriblestorm.(2019贵州毕节)A.probablyB.especiallyC.immediatelyD.exactly22．Doesthedishtasteasasitlooks？(2019贵州黔南州)A．wellB．bes