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第3讲构词法单句语法填空1．(2019·武汉武昌区调研)Drivenbythe________(curious)inmyheart,IdecidedtogotothecinematoseethecartoonfilmNeZha.curiosity[考查名词。curious为形容词，由前面的冠词the可知，此处应用名词；drivenbythecuriosity意为“受好奇心驱使”。]2．(2019·重庆西北狼教育联盟第一次联考)NothingIdidseemedtomakeany________(different).“Itcan'tbethefuel，”Ithought.difference[考查名词。makeanydifference为固定搭配，意为“有任何影响”。]3．(2019·昆明质量检测)EricaKenney，a________(science)atHarvardT．H.ChanSchoolofPublicHealth，originallyplannedtolookintotheamountofsugarydrinksthatkidswereconsuminginschools.scientist[考查名词。根据该句中的不定冠词a可知，该处用名词，表示“一位科学家”。]4．(2019·赣州联考)Shetookmefromapoor,unhappycollegestudentandbroughtmeintoherworld：aworldofsmiles，loveand________(warm)．warmth[考查词性转换。根据空前的内容可知，空处与smiles和love构成并列关系，故此处用名词形式，故填warmth。]5．(2019·成都第二次诊断)Whenyoudogoforhotpot,youwilloftenbeaskedtomakea________(choose)ofbrothinwhichyoucookyourrawingredients(食材)．choice[考查词性转换。根据空前的a和空后的of可知空处应填名词的单数形式。]6．(2019·福建六校联考)Staying________(health)whiletravelingcanhelptoensureyourtripisahappyandenjoyableone.healthy[考查词性转换。句意：在旅行的过程中保持健康有助于确保你的旅途开心、愉快。stay为系动词，意为“保持”，其后常接形容词作表语。故填healthy。]7．(2019·河南信阳高中第二次大考)Atfirst,manypeopledislikedthisstyleofpaintingandbecamevery________(anger)aboutit.angry[考查词性转换。句意：起初，许多人不喜欢这种绘画风格，并对此感到很生气。系动词became后面应用形容词作表语，故填angry。beangryaboutsth.意为“对某事感到生气”，为固定短语。]8．(2019·郑州第二次质量检测)OnNewYear'sDay,wevisitedeveryneighborinthevillageandweregreeted________(warm)ateachhouse.warmly[考查副词。根据空前的weregreeted可知，空处修饰动词，故用副词形式。]语法填空(2019·安徽省示范高中试题)Properexerciseisbeneficialtoourhealth.Astheexpertssay，swimmingisanexcellentwaytoworkyourentirebody.Anhourofswimming1.________(burn)almostasmanycaloriesasrunning.Thereareahostofbenefitsyoumaygainfromswimming2.________(regular)．Oneof3.________biggestbenefitsofswimmingisthatittrulyworkswellfromheadtotoe.Itcannotonlyincreaseyourheartratewithout4.________(stress)yourbody，butalsobuildupyourmusclesand5._______(strong)．Besides，swimmingmakesyourheartandlungstrong.Itissogoodforyouthatresearcherssayitmayevenreduceyourriskofdeath.6.________(compare)withinactivepeople，7.________(swim)haveabouthalftheriskofdeath.Someotherstudieshaveshownthatswimmingmayhelplowerbloodpressureandcontrolbloodsugar.Thenumberofpersons8.________experiencesomelevelofinsomnia(失眠症)isincreasing，sothisisexcellentnews—theresearchersconcludethatswimmingisapotentiallypowerfulwaytorelievestressquicklyandpromotedeepersleep.Swimmingissafeformostpeople.Aswithanyworkouttherearecertainrisksassociatedwithswimming.Ifyou9.________(injure)orhavecertainmedicalconditions，besuretocheckwithyourdoctorbeforeswimming.10.________general，it'sagoodideatocheckwithyourdoctorwheneveryoustartanewexerciseprogram.1．burns[考查时态和主谓一致。句意：游泳一小时几乎和跑步一小时燃烧的卡路里一样多。根据句意可知，该句陈述的是一般事实，故用一般现在时；且该句主语为“Anhourofswimming”，属于第三人称单数，故谓语动词用burns。]2．regularly[考查副词。句意：经常游泳你将获益良多。空处修饰动名词“swimming”，故用其副词形式。]3．the[考查冠词。根据空后的“biggest”可知，空处应用定冠词the。]4．stressing[考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词“without”可知，空处应用动名词形式。该处是说，游泳可以让身体在不紧张的情况下提高心率。]5．strength[考查名词。该处是说，游泳还可以增强肌肉和力量。根据空前的“yourmuscles”可知，空处用名词形式。]6．Compared[考查非谓语动词。该句的主语和动词compare之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示“与不活跃的人相比”，故用其过去分词形式。]7．swimmers[考查名词的单复数。句意：与不活跃的人相比，游泳者只有大约一半的死亡风险。分析句子结构可知，空处为该句的主语，表示“游泳者”，故用其名词形式；且swimmer为可数名词，而该处表示群体，故用其复数形式。]8．who/that[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，空处应为引导词，在从句中作主语，先行词为persons，故用who/that引导该定语从句。]9．areinjured[考查被动语态。句意：如果你受伤或患某种疾病，在游泳前一定要咨询医生。分析句子结构可知，该句主语和动词injure之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。]10．In[考查固定搭配。ingeneral为固定搭配，意为“总的来说，通常”。句意：通常，无论何时在开始新的锻炼项目之前，向医生核实一下是一个好方法。]