（江苏专用）2020高考英语二轮复习 专题限时检测（十八）阅读理解B篇专练（一）

专题限时检测(十八)阅读理解B篇专练(一)(共4篇，限时28分钟)A(2019·无锡一模)“Theworldfeelsanxiousanddivided,andFacebookhasalotofworktodo—whetherit'sprotectingourcommunityfromabuseandhate,defendingagainstinterferencebynationstates,ormakingsurethattimespentonFacebookiswellspent，”ZuckerbergwroteonFacebookinJanuary.Ifthetechfirmsucceeded,Facebookwouldend2018onamuchbetterpath.ButthecracksinZuckerberg'ssocialmediaempireonlygrewasscandals(丑闻)aboutdatamisuse,securityandevenFacebook'sleadershippiledup.Thesocialnetworkhasfacedcriticismmanytimessincelaunching14yearsago,butthepublicuproarreachednewheightsin2018.Facebook'smissteps,evenasittriedtofixitsproblems,wereyetanotherreminderofwhathappenswhenacompanygrowsrapidlywithlittleoversight(监管)．Theyalsosetthestageforanothershowdownbetweenthetechpowerhouseandlawmakerswhohavetheirownideasonhowtomanageaplatformusedby2.3billionpeopleeverymonth.“Ithinkthere'sjustageneralgrowingconsensusfrombothpartiesinCongressthatselfpolicingisnotgoingtowork，”DemocraticsenatorMarkWarnerofVirginiasaidinaninterview.FacebookpointedtoaseriesofnotesZuckerbergpublishedthisyearoutliningwhatthetechfirmhasdonetocombat(战斗，争论)electionmeddling(好干预的),aswellashatespeech,misinformationandotheroffensivecontent.Thesocialnetworkpulleddownmorethan1.5billionfakeaccounts,launchedadatabaseofpoliticaladsandannouncedthecreationofaSupremeCourtlikeindependentbodytooverseecontentappeals.Butinmanyways,ZuckerbergfellshortofhisNewYear'sresolution(决议)．UNinvestigatorssaidFacebookplayedaroleinspreadinghatespeechthatfueledethniccleansing(清洗)inMyanmar.Mediaoutletsfoundloopholes(漏洞)anderrorsinFacebook'spoliticaladsdatabase.UsersquestionedwhethertheyshoulddeleteFacebookafterlearningthatCambridgeAnalytica,aUKpoliticalconsultingfirmwithtiestoDonaldTrump's2016presidentialcampaign,gathereddataonasmanyas87millionFacebookuserswithouttheirpermission.Inshort,Facebook'sproblemsballoonedoutofthecompany'scontrol.“Theycreatedaplatformwheresharingwasmindlesslyeasyandinteractingwitheachotherrequiredalmostnoforethoughtatall，”saidWoodrowHertzog,alawandcomputerscienceprofessoratNortheasternUniversity.“Asaresult,therewasmassivesharing,includingleakingofpersonalinformationthatputlotsofpeopleatrisk.”语篇解读：本文主要介绍了Facebook在发展的过程中，由于缺少监管，出现了一些令公司自己无法控制的问题。1．WhatcanbeinferredaboutFacebookfromthepassage?A．Itisaplatformwherepeoplecaneasilysharewell­selectedinformation.B．ItisasocialnetworkthathasfacedcriticismbecauseofdatamisusesfromZuckerberg.C．Itisasocialnetworkwhichgrowsrapidlywithoutenoughmanagementfromthegovernment.D．Itisapopularappthat2.3billionpeopleuseforinformationandcommunicationeveryday.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Facebook'smissteps,evenasittriedtofixitsproblems,wereyetanotherreminderofwhathappenswhenacompanygrowsrapidlywithlittleoversight(监管)．”可知，Facebook在其迅速发展的过程中并没有受到足够的监管。2．Theunderlinedword“uproar”inParagraph3hasthesimilarmeaningto“________”．A．crackB．criticismC．disagreementD．argument解析：选B词义猜测题。找回原句“Thesocialnetworkhasfacedcriticismmanytimessincelaunching14yearsago,butthepublicuproarreachednewheightsin2018.”可知uproar和criticism同义。3．Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．AtoughchallengeforFacebookB．Zuckerberg'snewyearresolutionC．CriticismofFacebookformisusingD．AdarkfutureforFacebook解析：选A标题归纳题。文章一开始第一句“Theworldfeelsanxiousanddivided,andFacebookhasalotofworktodo...”，就指出Facebook面临着很多的问题，倒数第二段“Inshort,Facebook'sproblemsballoonedoutofthecompany'scontrol.”又强调了Facebook的问题已经膨胀到公司无法控制的程度。本文是属于首尾呼应型的，所以选A作为文章的标题比较适合。B(2019·南通一模)Statisticsoftensoundslikeadrysubject,butsometimesit'snecessarytotakeastatisticscoursetogetthecorrectanswertothisproblem.Takethefollowingcaseforexample:afootballscout(球探)hearsofaplayerwhohaspoweredhisteamtoagoodwinlossrecord.Hiscoachesthinkhe'soneofthemosttalentedplayersthey'veseen.Butthescoutisunimpressedbytheonepracticegameheseeshimin;hetellshismanagerit'snotworthtryingtorecruit(录用)theplayer.Mostsportsfanswouldthinkthatwasaprettyfoolishdecision,right?Athleticperformanceismuchtoovariabletobaseanimportantjudgmentonsuchasmallsample.Butconsiderthisproblem:anemployergetsanapplicationfromajuniorexecutive(主管人员)withanexcellentcollegerecordandstrongreferencesfromhiscurrentemployer.Theemployerinterviewstheapplicantandisunimpressed.Theemployertellshiscolleaguesthatit'snotworthwhilerecruitinghim.Mostpeopleregardthisasareasonablesortofdecision.Butitisn't.Countlessstudiesshowthattheunstructured30­minuteinterviewisvirtuallyworthlessasapredictoroflongtermperformancebyanycriteriathathavebeenexamined.Inbothcases,predictionsbasedonreferences—schoolreports,priorperformance,lettersofrecommendation—givea65－75%chanceofchoosingthebetterofthetwo.Whydowegettheathleticproblemrightandtheemploymentproblemwrong?Becauseinthecaseofthejob,unlikeforathleticperformance,wehaven'tseenhundredsofcandidatesininterviewsofaparticulartypeandseenhowwellperformanceintheinterviewcorrespondstoultimate(最终的)performanceinthesettingwe'reconcernedabout.Wehaven'tseenthattheguywholookslikeafoolintheinterviewturnsouttobecleveronthejobandtheguywhodoeswellintheinterviewturnsouttobeaverage.Theonlywaytoseethattheinterviewisn'tgoing