搜索
专题限时检测(三十)任务型阅读(五)(限时24分钟)A(2019·扬、泰、南、淮、徐、宿、连三模)HowmanycabsinNewYorkCity?Howmanytearsinabottleofwine?Thesearen'tjustthelyrics(歌词)toasongbytheAustralianmusicianPaulKelly.Theyarethekindofquestionsyouarelikelytobeaskedduringajobinterview.Inrecentyears,ithasbecomecommonforbossestoaskinterviewquestionsthatareimpossibletoanswer.Thereisnorightanswertothese“brainteasers”．Instead,theyaresupposedtohelpaninterviewercalculateanapplicant'sabilitytoreason.Whatmattersishowyoucometotheconclusion,notwhatconclusionyouarriveat.Brainteasersstartedoutinmanagementconsultancyfirms.Younggraduateshopingtojointhecompanywouldbeasked:“HowmanyphoneboothsarethereinManhattan？”Theyweren'texpectedtoblurtout(脱口说出)arandomnumber—instead,theywereexpectedtoshowtheycouldsolveeventhemoststupidproblem.Asconsultantsswarmedacrossotherorganizations,theyboughttheirinscrutable(难以理解的)questionswiththem.Now,peopleapplyingforajobinacallcentrecanexpecttobeaskedhowanuclearpowerplantworks.Whilemanybosseshavegreatconfidenceinhowgoodoreffectivebrainteasersare,aresearchpaperpublishedinthejournalAppliedPsychologyfoundtheyareuselessforspottingthebestcandidateforthejob.Whattheyaregreatforistomakeemployersfeellikeintellectualgiants.Thestudy'sfindingsarenotsurprising.Studieshaverepeatedlyfoundthatmostmethodsofselectingjobcandidatesarehopelesslyflawed(有缺点的)．Jobinterviewsareamongtheworstwayofpickingtherightpersonforthejob.Theresultsofthisresearchraisethequestion:ifinterviewsarebadatpickingtherightpersonforthejob,whataretheytherefor?OnefeelingIhaveisthatmanyjobselectionprocessesarethinlydisguised(伪装的)formsofsuffering,designedtomakeapplicantsfeelworthlessandboosttheconfidenceofthepersonaskingthequestion.Thinkabouttheextensivelistofpersonalskillsrequiredforeventhemostlowlyentryleveljob.Orthosepainfulassessmentcentreswhereyouaresupposedtoplaynicewithpeopleyouarecompetingagainsttogetthejob.Andthentherearethefirmsthataskapplicantstomakeapresentationtoconveyhowawesomethefirmsare.Alltheseexercisesseemdesignednottogetthebestpersonfortherole,buttoassurethebosshowgreattheyare,andremindyoujusthowluckyyouwouldbetogetthisboringjob.PassageoutlineSupportingdetailsIntroductiontobrainteasers·Theyarewidelyusedinjobinterviewsandtheanswersare(1)________tointerpretation.·Theyfocusmoreonanapplicant's(2)________skillsratherthantheoutcomes.(3)________andpopularityofbrainteasers·Theystartedoutinmanagementconsultancyfirmsandspreadtootherorganizations.·Nowadays,ajobapplicantisoftenaskedquestions(4)________tothejobheappliesfor.Researchfindings·(5)________topopularbeliefofthebosses,brainteasersareactuallyuselessforselectingcandidates.·Theyarejustmeanttoshowoffthe(6)________oftheemployers.IndepthAnalysis·Manyjobselectionprocessesmakejobapplicantshaveapoor(7)________ofthemselvesandtheemployersmoreconfident.·Somejobapplicantsareaskedtoshowskills,someofwhichare(8)________therequirementsofacertainoccupation.·Insomeassessmentcentres,jobapplicantsarerequiredtoplaynicewiththeir(9)________．·Somejobapplicantsaresupposedtomakeapresentationto(10)________thefirms.语篇解读：本文主要讲述了一些公司在招聘新的员工的时候，所问的一些与应聘的岗位没有太大的关系的、让求职者感到闹心的问题。1．open/subjective/left根据第二段第二句“Thereisnorightanswertothese‘brainteasers’．”可知，这些脑筋急转弯的问题没有正确的答案，所以说答案是开放的，或者主观的。2．reasoning根据第二段第三、四句“Instead,theyaresupposedtohelpaninterviewercalculateanapplicant'sabilitytoreason.”可知，这些问题考查受试者的推理能力。3．Origin/Beginning/Start文章第三、四段讲了brainteasers的起源和广泛应用。4．irrelevant/unrelated/unconnected根据第四段最后一句“Now,peopleapplyingforajobinacallcentrecanexpecttobeaskedhowanuclearpowerplantworks.”可知，一个申请呼叫中心工作的人可能会被问道核能源工厂如何工作。也就是被问到和职业不相关的问题。5．Contrary第五段讲研究发现这类问题和老板们的相反，在选拔人才时并不能起到太大的作用。Contraryto...“与……相反”。6．intelligence/wisdom/knowledge/greatness/excellence根据第五段最后一句“Whattheyaregreatforistomakeemployersfeellikeintellectualgiants.”可知，问这些问题最大的好处就在于让雇主感觉自己像个智力巨人。所以说面试官问这些问题是为了炫耀自己的智商。7．assessment/evaluation/opinion/image根据第七段最后一句“...tomakeapplicantsfeelworthless...”可知，这样的面试旨在让求职者觉得自己一文不值，使求职者对自己的评价很差。8．beyond根据最后一段第一句“Thinkabouttheextensivelistofpersonalskillsrequiredforeventhemostlowlyentryleveljob.”可知，最低级的入门级工作应该不需要这么多的个人技能，可见有些要求已经远远超过了这个职位的需要。beyond“超越”。9．competitors/rivals/opponents根据最后一段第二句“Orthosepainfulassessmentcentreswhereyouaresupposedtoplaynicewithpeopleyouarecompetingagainsttogetthejob.”可知答案。10．praise/applaud根据最后一段倒数第二句“Andthentherearethefirmsthataskapplicantstomakeapresentationtoconveyhowawesomethefirmsare.”还有一些公司要求申请者做一个演讲来表达公司有多棒。也就是要让求职者来表扬这家公司。B(2019·苏、锡、常、镇三模)Humanloveisn'tneatlyorderedoreasilypredictable.Butthatdoesn'tmeanthatmathematicshasn'tgotsomethingbecause,love,aswithmostoflife,isfullofpatterns.Mathematicsis,basically,allaboutthestudyofpatterns,patternsfrompredictingtheweathertothefluctuations(起伏)inthestockmarket,tothemovementoftheplanetsorthegrowthofcities.Andifwe'rebeinghonest,noneofthosethingsareexactlyneatlyorderedandeasilypredictable,either.SoletustalkabouthowtopickaperfectpartnerusingabitofmathematicsthatiscalledOptimalStoppingTheory.Imaginethatyoustartdatingwhenyou're15andideally,you'dliketobemarriedbythetimethatyou're35.Andthere'sanumberofpeopl