（江苏专用）2020高考英语二轮复习 专题限时检测（二十一）阅读理解C篇专练（二）

专题限时检测(二十一)阅读理解C篇专练(二)(共3篇，限时24分钟)A(2019·南京、盐城二模)Listencarefullytothefootstepsinthefamilyhome,especiallyifithaswoodenfloors,andyoucanprobablyworkoutwhoitisthatiswalkingabout.Thefeaturesmostcommonlyusedtoidentifypeoplearefaces,voices,fingerprintsandretinalscans.Buttheir“behaviouralbiometrics”，suchasthewaytheywalk,arealsogiveaways.Researchershave,forseveralyears,usedvideocamerasandcomputerstoanalysepeople'sgaits,andarenowquitegoodatit.Buttranslatingsuchknowledgeintoapracticalidentificationsystemcanbetricky—especiallyifthatsystemissupposedtobehidden.Camerasareoftenvisible,arehardtosetup,requiregoodlightingandmayhavetheirviewblockedbyotherpeople.SoateamledbyKrikorOzanyanoftheUniversityofManchester,inEnglandandPatriciaScullyoftheNationalUniversityofIreland,inGalwayhavebeenlookingforabetterwaytorecognisegait.Theiranswer:pressure­sensitivemats.Inthemselves,suchmatsarenothingnew.Theyhavebeenpartofsecuritysystemsfordonkeys'years.ButDrOzanyanandDrScullyuseacomplexversionthatcanrecordtheamountofpressureappliedindifferentplacesassomeonewalksacrossit.Thesemeasurementsformapatternuniquetothewalker.DrOzanyanandDrScullythereforeturned,asisnowcommonforanythingtodowithpatternrecognition,toanArtificialIntelligencesystemthatusesmachinelearningtorecognisesuchpatterns.Itseemstowork.Inastudypublishedearlierthisyearthetworesearcherstestedtheirsystemonadatabaseoffootstepstroddenby127differentpeople.Theyfoundthatitserrorrateinidentifyingwhowaswhowasamere0.7%.AndDrScullysaysthatevenwithoutadatabaseoffootstepstoworkwiththesystemcandeterminesomeone'ssex—womenandmen,withwideandnarrowpelvises(骨盆)respectively,walkindifferentways—andguess,withreasonableaccuracy,asubject'sage.Amat­basedgait­recognitionsystemhastheadvantagethatitwouldworkinanylightingconditions—evenpitch­darkness.Andthoughitmightfailtoidentifysomeoneif,say,shewaswearingstilettosandhadbeenenteredintothedatabasewhilewearingtrainers,itwouldbeveryhardtofoolitbyimitatingthegaitofanindividualwhowasallowedadmissiontoaparticularplace.ThelatestphaseofDrOzanyan'sandDrScully'sprojectisaredesignofthemat.Theoldmatscontainedindividualpressuresensors.Thenewonescontainopticalfibres(光纤)．Light­emittingdiodes(二极管)distributedalongtwoneighbouringedgesofamattransmitlightintothefibres.Sensorsontheoppositeedges(andthustheoppositeendsoftheopticalfibres)measurehowmuchofthatlightisreceived.Anypressureappliedtopartofthematcausesadistortion(变形)inthefibresandaconsequentchangeintheamountoflighttransmitted.Boththelocationandamountofchangecanbeplottedandanalyzedbythemachine­learningsystem.Dr.Ozanyansaysthattheteamhavebuiltademonstrationfibre­opticmat,twometerslongandametrewide,usingmaterialsthatcost￡100(＄130)．Theyarenowtalkingtocompaniesaboutcommercializingit.Oneapplicationmightbeinhealthcare,particularlyfortheelderly.Afibre­opticmatinstalledinanursinghomeoranoldperson'sownresidencecouldmonitorchangesinanindividual'sgaitthatwarncertainillnesses.Thatwouldprovideearlywarningofsomeonebeingatgreaterriskoffallingover,say,oroftheircognitionbecomingdamaged.Gaitanalysismightalsobeusedasasecuritymeasureintheworkplace,monitoringaccesstorestrictedareas,suchaspartsofmilitarybases,serverfarmsorlaboratoriesdealingwithharmfulmaterials.Inthesecases,employeeswouldneedtoagreetotheirgaitsbeingscanned,justastheywouldagreetothescanningoftheirfacesorretinasforopticalsecuritysystems.Perhapsthemostfascinatinguseofgait­recognitionmats,though,wouldbeinpublicplaces,suchasairports.Forthattowork,thefootstepsofthosetoberecognisedwouldneedtohavebeenstoredinadatabase,whichwouldbehardertoarrangethanthecollectionofmugshotsandfingerprintsthatexistingairportsecuritysystemsrelyon.Somepeople,however,mightvolunteerforit.Manyaircreworpre­registeredfrequentflyerswouldwelcomeanythingthatspeededuponeofthemosttiresomepartsofmoderntravel.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了一种新的识别方法：步态识别。1．Camera­basedgaitrecognitionfailstocomeintowideuse,because________.a．it'snoteasytofindthecamerasb．fingerprintrecognitionisstillpopularc．sometimesthecamerascanbecoveredd．it'sawasteofmoneytofixtheequipmente．goodlightingconditionscan'tbeguaranteedf．it'sdifficulttosetupthesystemA．a、c、fB．b、d、eC．c、d、fD．c、e、f解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段的一开始的三句话可知，虽然人们已经很擅长利用摄像机和计算机来分析人们的步态，但是将这些知识转化为实际的识别系统可能很难。主要有这样几个原因：camerasarehardtosetup,requiregoodlighting,mayhavetheirviewblockedbyotherpeople。2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoParagraphs6－8?A．Thenewmatsfunctiongreatlywithindividualpressuresensorsbuiltin.B．Thenewmatswillbelikelytoworkbetterwithenoughpressure.C．Theelderlyarecuredoftheirdiseaseswiththemonitorofthefibre­optic.D．Restrictedareasareaccessibletothosewiththeirgaitsscannedbeforehand.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第八段第二句“Inthesecases,employeeswouldneedtoagreetotheirgaitsbeingscanned,...”可知在这些场合，员工(的步态)需要和(之前)扫描过的步态一致。即：事先扫描过步态的人可以进入禁区。3．Whatdoes“it”refertoinParagraph5?A．Themat­basedgait­recognitionsystem.B．Thegaitstoredinthedatabase.C．Theadvantageofworkinginanylightcondition.D．Theadmissiontoaparticularplace.解析：选A代词指代题。阅读第五段的内容可知这个“it”是表示指代的，代替上文中所提到过的名词短语“Amat­basedgait­recognitionsystem”。4．What'sthebesttitleofthepassag