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SectionBReadingandThinkingⅠⅡⅢⅠ.知识体系图解重点词汇1.n.文明;文明世界2.prep.即使;尽管3.n.因素;要素4.vt.以……为据点;以……为基础n.底部;根据5.n.符号;象征6.vt.&vi.雕刻7.n.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化8.adj.主要的;重要的;大的n.主修课程;主修学生vi.主修;专门研究9.n.方式;方法;途径10.adj.传统的;最优秀的;典型的n.经典作品;名著11.n.尊重;关注vt.把……视为;看待12.n.文字;符号13.vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会vi.增值14.n.公共事务;事件;关系15.adj.特定的;明确的;具体的civilisationdespitefactorbasesymbolcarvevarietymajormeansclassicregardcharacterappreciateaffairspecificⅠⅡⅢ重点短语1.upsanddowns2.baseon3.datebackto4.regard...as...5.atthebeginning6.developinto7.leadto8.beofgreatimportance9.beconnectedwith10.playarolein11.inmoderntimes12.alongwith重点句式Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.浮沉;兴衰;荣辱以……为根据追溯到把……看作一开始发展成导致非常重要与……连接在……中起作用在现代和……一起ⅠⅡⅢⅡ.释义匹配1.CivilisationA.oneofseveralthingsthatinfluenceorcauseasituation2.factorB.asign,shapeorobjectwhichisusedtorepresentsomethingelse3.symbolC.relatingtoonethingandnotothers;particular4.dialectD.asocietythatiswellorganisedanddeveloped5.specificE.aformofalanguagewhichisspokenonlyinonearea答案:1.D2.A3.B4.E5.CⅠⅡⅢⅢ.阅读导学根据P62课文内容,选择正确答案。1.Whatdoestheword“this”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymean?A.HowtheChinesewritingsystemwascreated.B.WhatChinahasexperiencedinhistory.C.Chineseancientcivilisationhasgonethroughintomoderntimes.D.TheChinesewritingsystemisknownallovertheworld.答案:CⅠⅡⅢ2.TheancientChineserecordedwhattheyhaddoneby.A.drawingpicturesonwallsB.carvingsymbolsinbonesandshellsC.writingtheirexperiencesonXuanpaperD.writingHanzionbonesandshells3.WhydidmanydialectsandcharactersappearintheShangDynasty?A.TheShangDynastywastoolongatimeinhistory.B.Peopleatthattimehaddifferentopinionsonwriting.C.Thecountrywasdividedinseveraldifferentstates.D.Peoplefromdifferentstatesseldomcommunicatedwitheachother.答案:B答案:CⅠⅡⅢ4.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.QinshihuangmadegreatcontributionstotheChinesewritingsystem.B.PeopleinChinacanunderstandeachothernomatterwhatdialecttheyspeak.C.TheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinseveraldirectionsintheQinDynasty.D.Chinesecalligraphywaswellknownallovertheworldinancienttimes.答案:A重点词汇重点句式随堂练习1.basevt.以……为据点;以……为基础n.底部;根据【课文原句】Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.一开始,书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言。【词汇精讲】句中的base是及物动词,意为“以……为基础”。Pleasedorememberthatsuccessisbasedonhardwork.请一定要记住,成功基于艰苦的努力。Heusedthehouseasabaseforhisprintingbusiness.他把这座房子用作印刷业的基地。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【词汇拓展】Youshouldn’thavebasedyourreportoninaccurateinformation.你不应该把你的报告基于不准确的信息。Thestudywasbasedondatafrom2,100collegestudents.这项研究基于从2,100名大学生那里收集来的数据。AlthoughhewasbasedinWales,distancedidn’tmatter.虽然他以威尔士为基地,但距离不是问题。base...on/upon...把……建立在……基础之上bebasedon/upon以……为基础;依据……bebasedin以……为基地;以……为总部basic𝑎𝑑𝑗.基本的;基础的basis𝑛.基础重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习2.datebackto追溯到……;始于……【课文原句】ItdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseofLonggu...它可以追溯到几千年前的龙骨的使用……【词汇精讲】句中的datebackto相当于datefrom,意为“追溯到……;始于……”,一般无进行时态和被动语态。Theoldtowndatesbacktothelateseventeenthcentury.这个古老的城镇始于十七世纪末。Myinterestinstampcollectingdatesfrom/backtomyschooldays.我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。InChinaacupuncturedatesbacktoancienttimes.在中国,针灸疗法可以追溯到古代。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习datebackto/datefrom做后置定语时,用动词-ing形式。ThereisawoodentowerdatingbacktotheQingDynastyinthevillage.村子里有一座清朝的木塔。TheSouthLakeParkinChangchun,datingbackto1933,islocatedinthesouthwesternpartofthecity.长春南湖公园始于1933年,位于城市的西南部。【词汇拓展】outofdate过时的uptodate(with...)赶上(……的)潮流;与……保持同步;最新的重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习3.majoradj.主要的;重要的;大的vi.主修;专门研究n.主修课程;主修学生【课文原句】EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.秦始皇将七大国统一为一个统一的国家,中国的书写制度开始朝一个方向发展。【词汇精讲】句中的major是形容词,意为“主要的”,做定语修饰states。ThereisamajorproblemwithparkinginLondon.在伦敦,停车是一个大问题。Ithinkthatisoneofthemajorfactorsinhissuccess.我认为那是他成功的主要因素之一。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【词汇拓展】I’vemadeupmymindtomajorinEnglishafterIfinishmiddleschool.我决定中学毕业后主修英语。Mybestfriend,Tom,isaphysicsmajor.我最好的朋友,汤姆,是专攻物理的学生。Itisnottheirinterestbuttheneedofthemarketthataffectsstudents’choicesofcollegemajors.不是他们的兴趣而是市场需求影响着大学生的专业选择。majorin主修majority𝑛.多数;大多数inthemajority占大多数themajorityof……的大多数重点词汇重点句式随堂练习“themajorityof+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词常用复数;“themajorityof+不可数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词用单数;“amajorityof+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习4.meansn.方式;方法;途径【课文原句】WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast.书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。【词汇精讲】句中的means意为“方法;途径”,其单复数形式相同。Formostpeople,thecarisstilltheirmainmeansoftransport.对大多数人来说,汽车仍是主要的交通方式。Thecellphoneismorethanameansofcommunication.手机不仅仅是一种通信工具。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【词汇拓展】Studentsbuilduptheirvocabulariesbymeansofreading.学生通过阅读的方法增加词汇量。Wecancarryoutthenewprojectbythismeans.我们可以用这种办法来实施新计划。means是单复数同形的名词,其谓语动词的数要根据means前的修饰语来决定。bythismeans用这种方法byallmeans当然可以;没问题bynomeans决不;一点也不(放句首时,句子用部分倒装语序)bymeansof用……的方法重点词汇重点句式随堂练习重点词汇重点句式随堂练习5.regardn.尊重;关注vt.把……视为;看待【课文原句】ThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemcanbeseeninthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersasanartform,knownasChinesecalligraphy,whichhasbecomeanimportantpartofChineseculture.对汉字书写体系的高度重视可以从汉字作为一种艺术形式(被称为中国书法)的发展可以看出,它成为中国文化的重要组成部分。重点词汇重点句式随堂练习【词汇精讲】句中的regard是名词,意为“