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5&ZeQ+’Y’oHTY6 Smarandache x℄nG%6Y4a LinfanMAOChineseConstructionProjectBiddingTechnique&CasesAnalyzing SmarandacheMulti-SpaceModelofBiddingXiquanPublishingHouseChineseBranch2006 {Dy℄56 F l\e[ /DFSB /EV$20P100080/100044maolinfan@163.com 6([fR,(Z(pIU?Z7 -Smarandache x℄nG%6LinfanMAOAcademyofMathematicsandSystemsChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100080,P.R.Chinamaolinfan@163.comChineseConstructionProjectBiddingTechnique&CasesAnalyzing SmarandacheMulti-SpaceModelofBiddingXiquanPublishingHouseChineseBranch2006Thisbookcanbeorderedinapaperboundreprintfrom:BooksonDemandProQuestInformation&Learning(UniversityofMicrofilmInternational)300N.ZeebRoadP.O.Box1346,AnnArborMI48106-1346,USATel:1-800-521-0600(CustomerService):Y.P.Liu,DepartmentofAppliedMathematics,BeijingJiaotongUniversity,Beijing100044,P.R.China.F.Tian,AcademyofMathematicsandSystems,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Bei-jing100080,P.R.China.M.Wang,GuoxinTenderingCo.,LTD,Beijing100044,P.R.China.X.Huang,GuoxinTenderingCo.,LTD,Beijing100044,P.R.China.Copyright2006byXiquanPublishingHouseandLinfanMaoChineseBranchManybookscanbedownloadedfromthefollowingDigitalLibraryofScience:∼smarandache/eBooks-otherformats.htmISBN:1-59973-007-3StandardAddressNumber:297-5092 %O -ÆB z-ÆBy 1962℄12Q31kz#& &HIP 1980℄gV& &}HP}HT- 1981℄-1998℄‘TL pZ b_ ) =Qp y&1983℄9QETH℄P -s- 1987℄y_-Vyi ESq:- ) Ly5eQSq F F gE b)Q3 1998℄10Q eTL -&9 H Q b) 2000℄6Q?sL } Xke Ly 0Qz/ +T gEL \ r- - i Q X$& } S i [ b) 1999℄-2002℄T- Y+- zÆB- ,2003℄-2005℄TL -L:- ;0l,?UQ EÆBy?U ) z- Ww- b- 00:-i- }L y C L?U Lyy_SmarandacheOl nWf f FWw- x/(w p- Sq0:- /(w [3‘LTvZwk2u1 q GraphsandCombinatorics AustralasianJ.Combinatoric J.Appl.Math&Computing ActaMathematicaSinica MagnaScientia z-1--P Ww--P TL l-P pSq i p/O Q u / w,‘ LzCQI^z--qwk ’jN T -iL- } A( ^ THP b \ } A( ^ Lr~i+ Y. p b- 0 \67 Y. p b- 67 Y. Q ={*r~ ?C IZ^~ ‘TLNT E b- } 06b ) Li [3TI Lv V?sTL b \5 N0TLNT }‘}\4 y C ’ Li T -iL }‘} 2000℄t=6- F9fK ,℄ L3vN LT+ z b- KTK2N A L x} 5 KE t } 2 L } ?LzÆ i ‘?W }‘} yL[3 fKazN X1LJ[ #IgE b K # N L(q8 ;J b KPBfK kN LÆL HG :‘?W }‘} L[3 Tq) SNZw L!E ZwgE ) }L d $ 2℄))L-?|m }? J m YQ q }/-;$L-? 0 } Jn 0‘} Y‘} ? &EÆTiT}T} ~ buLEL ‘ [ GJ ) } )L 0 qlN aÆÆ n Lu Jw?& ℄ ,4 ^ ^ # !E9JJg ?U ^iIz& JZ[EL ~L ÆT ) ‘ -)LKG0H& : iPL ‘& C E } )LZ[ ℄ HE C))L )5} hJ4 ZJ^iL 0F {LiPTo Z1{I b- } 4*8 y Ci } (^LZ l 4 ^iLz lI EgE } 0 )ZZZL6b)) b- }$ P L y CFwV*8 ) Z Z C ‘Z1{T4 N b- FÆ:-ZL*8 I E } )L’C b- } FEL y C iTÆD L2[ZZSz =0N h5E ;L z h T -iL }‘} iZ S L b- }‘}L y C? N 0 [3℄eTL yLCi :N b }LSmarandache℄ v8 F LLYz oHC JZ{r~ }} i- )JN- 9 Z{ _E4 } LA( ^ =I^Z(^TK LiPTo p KWLiPTo? NZ x 4 }0NE’ fKz3L(^2[ iiZ5b&{2r7x TC ; $v Z{ b- }b& CCiFX5To ’ ? N4 Z2{iZ3{I^iLg Z2{-℄&- }T FEL ) r~ K ; } i }P Lr~ ‘ } A( ^L9 YQ [57 ) Lr~? NEHL 0 ÆT ; =-℄ 0N6brL ; 3m!|vL }( n Q Ui‘}27L- Q!E( } =-℄ 0N‘}!* n[Q i }} 0- T |vL b K( ‘}Po- iQKPB b L bF [L }, $HL }- QTo( }P =n℄eLh 4 C }P K LiPTo0 ? |vL℄^!EQTo YQgH57? NEHL?s [3; NSq} - 0 \ }} L 8Æ!E a7h 0Æ℄P $ Smarandache℄g vL a Z{ ℄ vL oHC? Nz-=6 a7 0Æ‘6bLi }} TL Z3{-℄& } 0 Æ- } 0LOQb 1 Ly &? N?s K Zwd E L -F H =TK bP H- }X5 } 0 ; rL bK;7F}Uo r~ } FX5 0SB|8F( 0t} } }.O A n[8mQiPTo }U‘ }QbTL) K LS‘}o 0b& - F57QTo? N uL; Z4{Iz‘ N aÆQ L } D℄ kurFL‘}‘ ? ?U =6LZ{ Z{7aN [‘ E =6NÆ ~ -QbiH y C }=6N’0 }+o -LL4 }‘ Lb&0H Q = 0NP2‘ ; ‘ i }.O‘ E L -b& H F57 i{yZ*Iw }/-;$~L ÆTL57I) L7 K2 TI~ NJ K2 N) w ~ ZwLa ~ &Jw E } )L /6‘I4℄PN ) 1,-L*8 iyr~NZ =_E [3‘fo zN b- } FELZwD CO h) z 6b )3’| A ℄ HE IN aÆ LuL uH I) ~)^iLxW TI= ^i & E6b } ) LZ 4 ^iL’ I }/-;$ 0LgEK-V3o5 r~L = ‘Æ i W= o5= ? QC℄ , U l+ IfKKQN }‘} Fs= CL- [3 b- ) } (^LTo ZiN0L ‘ }ZZLgEK- ^i =ToTt OL C℄ b }‘}Yhiii d2V3o5= F =&PL Vi: ? Q _ ~ A sI }/-;$r~L /~)L }I)k }/-;$ :6b |JÆTLZ4{yZ* Æ. {*LToLn, E- } ’| I’x{LTo ^i‘~)0‘ WL _QbT JEN# [DL‘ In T -iL }‘} LiPk? 4hFL } Xke ~. f GI* :OV ~rH *‘+Q[Dp ^iCzQ kq Oix}y_y $ 0[D? Qg EHLs ^it{ T;J^iW(ek0z ) !q ^iTZi ‘ ‘h055 =Y , L‘h055p ) ^dk :[3) T fW z =z55 Czk?q h;^ixJy X3‘ OOe℄ Q&TH’ &D......................................................................iZ1{ b- }ls.....................................................1§1 b- FÆ:-ls.....................................................1Z b- ls...............................................................1 b- :-LiPTo...................................................3x - }LE}F‘} LiPTo.....................................5§2- }L y Ci\4Ci............................................5Z b }L y CHC...................................................6 T -iL }‘} FÆs= CHC...........................9x b }Lz-8 .......................................................26§3- } (^..........................................................29Z -