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Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld(主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事)-2-1.lackvt.(所需事物的)缺乏,短缺;没有(某事物)n.缺少,不足[教材原句]Whenthereisalackoffood,thereishunger.缺少食物,就会有饥饿。(P49)语境巧练单句填空①Itlacks(lack)thepoweroftheItaliancars.②Despitehislackofexperience,hegotthejob.③Manyassociationsarebreakingupforlackofmoney.④Whydidtheclaypotshowtheauthor’slackofartisticability?⑤Sheislackinginconfidencewhendeliveringaspeechinpublic.-3-考点必记(1)lack+n.缺乏……lackfor+n.(多用于否定句中)需要;需求(2)forlackof+n.因缺乏……alackof+n.缺乏……nolackof不缺乏(3)belackinginsth不足;缺乏用法点拨lack不用于被动语态。-4-2.主语+be+形容词+不定式[教材原句]Thislandwasdifficulttofarmbutnowwaterhasbeenpumpedintothefields.这块地过去难以耕种,但现在水已经被抽进了地里。(P49)语境巧练单句填空①Manybadhabitscanbeespeciallydifficulttocorrect(correct).②Thehouseiscomfortabletolive(live)in.③Theboywhowasmissinginthesupermarketyesterdayishardtolookfor.-5-考点必记“主语+be+形容词+动词不定式”是一个固定句型。该句型中常用的形容词有difficult,easy,hard,light,heavy,nice,pleasant,comfortable,interesting,expensive等;用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。若动词是一个不及物动词,要加上合适的介词。-6-3.referto谈及,提到;与……相关,涉及;查阅,参考[教材原句]IampleasedtohavethischancetodaytotalktoyouabouttheUnitedNations,ortheUN,asitismoreoftenreferredto.我很高兴今天有机会同大家谈一谈联合国的情况,联合国也被称为UN——这个名称更常用。(P50)语境巧练单句填空①Inhisspeech,hereferredtoarecenttriptoCanada.②Oureconomyisreferredtoasafreemarket.③Inreference(refer)toyourquestionaboutcost,theticketsforthefilmare35yuaneach.④Theresultoftheresearchisforreferenceonly.⑤Ifthepetisnotremoved,thestudentisreferred(refer)totheStudentCourt.-7-考点必记(1)refertosb/sthas/tobe...将某人/某物称为……(2)referencen.提及,涉及;参考areferencebook参考书,工具书with/inreferenceto关于,有关forreference以备查阅(3)referv.提到,涉及,将某人(物)送交至……写作佳句MrWhitereferredhissuccesstohishardwork.怀特先生说他的成功是靠勤劳工作而获得的。-8-4.worthyadj.令人敬重的;值得的,相称的;有价值的[教材原句]Withthehelpofthesearmiesandotherworthyorganizations,theUNassiststhevictimsofwarsanddisasters.在这些军队和其他令人敬重的机构的帮助之下,联合国帮助那些战争和灾害的受害者。(P50)语境巧练用worth,worthwhile,worthy填空①Thefactoryisworthvisiting.②Thefactoryisworthyofavisit.③Thefactoryisworthyofbeingvisited/tobevisited.④It’sworthwhilevisitingthefactory.⑤Thismaysurpriseyou,butoneofthebesttoolsformakingcookingworthyourtimeisexperimentation.-9-考点必记(1)beworthyofsth/ofbeingdone/tobedone值得(做)某事(2)worthwhileadj.重要的;令人愉快的;值得花时间或花钱、努力(等)的It’sworthwhiletodo/doingsth值得做某事(3)worthadj.值得的;值……钱的n.价值beworth+n.值得……,值……beworthdoingsth值得做某事-10-5.equaladj.平等的;同等的n.同等的人;相等物[教材原句]Inaddition,theUNhelpsprotecthumanrightsandworkstoimproveinternationallaws,forexample,thoseonchildlabourandonequalrightsforminoritiesandwomen.另外,联合国帮助保护人权和致力于改善国际法规,比如:有关童工和少数民族和妇女的平等等。(P50)-11-语境巧练单句填空①Noneofuscanequal(=beequalto)her,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.②Thefilmdemandsattention,andhasnoequal(=iswithoutequal)incinemahistory.③Successdoesn’tonlydependonwhatyoudo.Whatyoudon’tdoisequally(equal)important.④Whenitcomestotheartofwar,antshavenoequal(equal).-12-考点必记(1)beequalto等于theequalof与……相等;和……匹敌equaltreatment/rights平等对待/权利equalopportunity机会均等equalpay(男女)同工同酬havenoequal=bewithoutequal无与伦比(2)equallyadv.同样地;相等地,平等地equalityn.平等;相等racialequality种族平等-13-6.drawsomeone’sattentionto使(某人)察觉到[教材原句]Inaddition,myvisitswillencouragepeopleworkingontheprojectsanddrawlocalpeople’sattentiontothesituation.另外,我的到来将会鼓励人们致力于这项工程,吸引当地人们对形势的关注。(P51)语境巧练单句填空①UsesofPreziinlisteningandspeakingcoursesdrawstudents’(student)attentiontospeakingmorefluently.②Itriednottodrawtheirattentiontotheweakpointsinmyargument.-14-考点必记focus/centre/fixone’sattentionon把注意力集中在……attract/draw/catchone’sattention吸引某人的注意力bringsthtoone’sattention引起某人注意某事温馨提示drawattentionto短语中的to是介词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语。-15-7.contributevt.&vi.捐献,捐赠,捐助;贡献;促成,导致[教材原句]Theycollectapproximately1.35yuanperdayfromeachmemberandaddittosomemoneycontributedbythegovernment.他们每天向每个成员筹集1.35元,然后加入政府贡献的款项中。(P51)语境巧练单句填空①Theheadmastercontributedtoanewspapertopraisethelady’sgenerouscontributiontotheschool.(contribute)写出句子中contribute的含义②We’renotsayingthateveryoneneedstocontributetheirlivestothepoor.贡献③Allthepeopleinourschoolcontributedsomethingtothedisasterareas.捐献④Shecontributedanumberofarticlestothemagazine.撰稿-16-考点必记(1)contributesthto...把……捐献给……;给……投稿contributeto为……做出贡献;有助于;导致(2)contributorn.贡献者contributionn.捐献;贡献;投稿makeacontribution/contributionsto对……做出贡献名师点津contributeto“有助于”后接名词、代词或动词-ing做宾语,不能用动词原形,因为此处to为介词。-17-8.acquirevt.购得;获得,得到[教材原句]Withthis,thewomenhaveenoughmoneytoacquirematerialstomakebaskets.有了这笔钱,女人们就有了足够的钱来获得做篮子的材料。(P51)语境巧练单句填空①Toacquire(acquire)agoodknowledgeofEnglish,hegaveuphisjobandwenttostudyinanEnglishschool.②Heisavaluableacquisition(acquire)totheteam.Heisagoodteacher.-18-考点必记(1)acquiresth学会,获得acquireahabitof...养成……的习惯acquireatastefor...开始喜欢上……(2)acquisitionn.取得,获得,习得;获得物-19-9.wouldrather...宁愿……[教材原句]Iwouldratheryouhadn’ttoldmeaboutit.我宁愿你还没有把那件事告诉我。(P56)语境巧练单句填空①Onedayacoupleofweeksintothesummerhecametomeandsaidhemadeamistakeandwouldratherwork(work)atmybasketballcamp.②Wewouldratherourdaughterstayed(stay)athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.③Iprefertoplayfootballratherthanplaybasketball.=Iwouldplayfootballratherthanplaybasketball.=Iwouldratherplayfootballthanplaybasketball.-20-考点必记(1)wouldratherdosththan(do)sth=w