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Unit3Backtothepast(主题语境:人与社会——科学与技术)-2-1.进行时表示将来[教材原句]WeareinItalynow,andtomorrowwearevisitingPompeii.现在我们在意大利,明天我们将游览庞贝。(P42)语境巧练单句填空①Putonyourcoat!Iamtaking(take)youdowntothedoctor.②Iwasabouttogo(go)swimmingwhenmyguideshoutedatmeandtoldmenottodoso.③Apoetandartistiscoming(come)tospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.④Whenyouarepassing(pass)myway,pleasedropin.⑤Iwanttoknowwhenheisleaving(leave)forNewYorktomorrow.-3-考点必记用进行时表示将来的用法句中谓语动词arevisiting是用现在进行时表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。可以这样使用的动词包括arrive,come,do,go,have,leave,meet,move,play,return,sleep,start,begin,stay,take,work等。除will,begoingto外,下列结构也可用来表示将要发生的动作:(1)betodo表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作,也表示可能性。(2)beabouttodo表示“马上/即将要做……”。-4-2.foundvt.兴建,创建[教材原句]Thecitywasfoundedinthe8thcenturyBC.该城是公元前8世纪建成的。(P42)语境巧练单句填空①Althoughshefounded(found)hercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasn’tdrivenprimarilybyprofit.(2019·北京卷,阅读理解)②ToliftabigstructureliketheTremontHotel,Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrewsbeneaththebuildingfoundation(found).③Accordingtotheoldlegend,Romuluswasthefounder(found)ofRome.④Carefulplanninglaidthefoundationsofthenation’seconomicmiracle.-5-考点必记(1)foundacity/club/company建起城市/创办俱乐部/公司foundsthon把……基于,把……建立在(2)foundern.奠基人foundationn.地基,基础,基金(会)laythefoundationsof打下(……的)基础withoutfoundation无事实依据shake/rockthefoundationsof从根本上动摇名师点津作“把……建立在……”“使……有根据”“以……为基础或根据”解时,found常与on/upon搭配,用被动结构。-6-3.takeover夺取;接管[教材原句]In89BC,theRomanstookoverPompeii.公元前89年,罗马人占领了庞贝。(P42)语境巧练完成句子①Unfortunately,full-sunproductionistakingovertheindustry(正在接管这一产业).②ItwasnotuntilseveralweekslaterthatIrealizedIwastakeninbymybestfriend(被我最好的朋友骗了).③Whenthedelayedflightwilltakeoff(起飞)dependsmuchontheweather.④Afterheretiredfromoffice,Rogerstookuppainting(从事绘画)forawhile,butsoonlostinterest.-7-⑤Shetookongreaterresponsibilities(承担了更大的责任)whenshewaspromoted.⑥BeforeMrGreenretired,hehandedoverthebusinesstohisson(把生意交给了他的儿子).⑦Ihavethoughtoverthequestion(反复思考这个问题)quitecarefullysincehecamehere.⑧Sayitoverandover(多说几次)againuntilyourememberit.⑨Ithinktheproblemcanbegotover(被克服)withouttoomuchdifficulty.⑩Iknockedover(打翻)thebucketandthewaterpouredalloverthefloor.-8-考点必记(1)comeover过来,顺便拜访getover克服;(从病中)恢复过来goover复习,仔细地再读一遍handover交出,移交,让与knockover撞倒,撞翻overandover再三,一遍又一遍thinkover仔细考虑turnover翻车;翻阅;翻身gain/haveanadvantageover胜过,优于lookover检查,查看,调查pullover把……拉过来;靠岸;开到路边-9-(2)takeoff脱下;起飞;取消takedown记下;取下takefor把……视作,误认为takein接纳,吸收;欺骗,诱骗;理解takeon从事;聘用;呈现;承担(责任)takeout取出takeup占据;从事takeback收回;退回takeafter像;追赶-10-4.形容词做状语[教材原句]Manypeoplewereburiedalive,andsowasthecity.很多人被活埋了,整个城市也被掩埋。(P42)语境巧练完成句子①Coldandhungry(又冷又饿),hestoppedworkingandwenthome.②Tooursurprise,hereturnedsafeandsound(安然无恙).③Strangetosay(说也奇怪),hedidpasshisexamafterall.④Moreimportant(更重要的是),he’sgotasteadyjob.⑤Sureenough(果然),shewasthere.-11-考点必记形容词做状语句中的alive是形容词做状语,着重强调主语呈现出来的状态。形容词做状语修饰句子中的人或物,副词做状语修饰句子中的动词。可用作状语的形容词还有awake,asleep,deep,straight,high,short,young,interested,surprised,satisfied等。-12-5.unfortunateadj.不幸的,遗憾的[教材原句]Howunfortunate!多么不幸!(P42)语境巧练单句填空①Hewasunfortunatetolose(lose)inthefinalround.②Hewasextremelyfortunateinhavingsuchahappyfamily.③Hedreamedofmakingafortune.④CentralLondonisfortunate(fortunately)inhavingsomanylargeparksandopenspaces.⑤—Haveyouheardaboutthatfireinthemarket?—Yes,fortunately(fortune)noonewashurt.⑥Unfortunately(fortune),ittookahorribleaccidenttochangeherattitude.-13-考点必记(1)unfortunatelyadv.不幸地(2)fortunateadj.幸运的be(un)fortunatetodosth/indoingsth在……方面运气(不)好Itis(un)fortunatethat...幸运的(不幸的)是……(3)fortunatelyadv.幸运地(4)fortunen.机会,运气,财富makeafortune发财seek/tryone’sfortune碰运气-14-6.decoratevt.装饰,装潢[教材原句]Isawseveralhouseswhichweredecoratedwithwallpaintings.我看了好几间墙上装饰有壁画的房子。(P42)语境巧练单句填空①Witha3Dprinter,acookcanprintcomplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecoration(decorate)onaweddingcake.(2018·天津卷,阅读理解)②Theydecoratedtheapartmentwithstreamers(彩带)andpartylights.-15-考点必记(1)decorate...with...用……装饰……bedecoratedwith被/用……装饰(2)decorationn.装饰;装饰物名师点津引申可表示“授予殊荣”,如奖章、勋位等。Hewasdecoratedwiththeprize.他被授予这项殊荣。-16-7.Itturnsoutthat...结果是……[教材原句]Itturnsoutthataftertheashcoveredthepeoplewhofailedtofleethecity,theirbodiesnearlycompletelybrokedownanddisappeared,leavingemptyspacesintheash.原来,火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人,他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了,只留下火山灰里的人形空当。(P43)-17-语境巧练单句填空①Thejobturnedouttobe(be)harderthanwethought.②ItturnedoutthatIhadtopay10dollarsformyfirstvisitand50dollarsforthatvisittotheemergencyroom.句型转换③Sheturnedouttobeafriendofmysister.=Itturnedoutthatshewasafriendofmysister.考点必记Itturnsoutthat...结果是……Itturns/turnedoutthat...原来是;结果是……Itturns/turnedouttobe...原来是;结果是……-18-用法点拨本句型后接that从句时,句首的it不可用别的词代替;但是如果后面接不定式时,主语it可根据实际需要变化。-19-8.destroyvt.破坏,毁坏,摧毁[教材原句]It’shardtoimaginehowthispeacefulvolcanodestroyedthewholecity!真的很难想象这样一座平静的火山怎么就毁灭了整个城市!(P43)语境巧练用destroy的适当形式填空①Today,thescars(创痕)ofdestructionarestillseeninRockaway.②Apparentlysatisfiedthatwecausednofurtherthreat,thebearmovedoff,destroyingafenceasitwent.③Waristhegreatdestroyerofallthehopesofmankind.④Beyourself,Bob.Youcan’tletyourselfbedestroyedbysuchadefeat.-20-用destroy,hurt,harm,ruin和damage的适当形式填空⑤Yearsoffightingha