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Unit2Language(主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习)-2-1.bemadeupof由……组成(构成)[教材原句]TheEnglishlanguageismadeupofthegrammarandvocabularythesepeoplebroughttoBritain.英语是由这些人带到英国去的语法规则和词汇构成的。(P22)-3-语境巧练单句填空①TheaudienceforgolfandtennisismadeupofpeoplefromthehighestincomegroupsintheUnitedStates,includingmanylawyersandbusinessmanagers.②Asaresult,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.(2017·全国Ⅰ卷,语篇填空)③Studentsareprovidedwithbreakfast,whichconsistsofasandwich,adrinkandadessert.④Listeningisthusanactive,notapassive,behaviorconsisting(consist)ofhearing,understandingandremembering.⑤WesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternphilosophy.⑥Theymadehimupasanoldmanforthelastactoftheplay.-4-考点必记(1)makeup形成;组成;构成;虚构;捏造;编造;弥补;补偿;铺床;化妆bemadeof/from...由……制成makeit获得成功;准时到达makefor...向……移动;促成……makesb/sthout看清;分清;辨认清楚makeuseof利用makeupfor偿还;赔偿;弥补makeupone’smind下决心(2)consistof由……组成(构成)consistin在于;存在于(相当于liein)consistwith符合;与……一致consistentadj.相符的;一致的beconsistentwith和……一致/相符-5-2.occupyvt.占据(时间、空间等);使忙于[教材原句]ThentwoGermanicgroupsfromtheEuropeanmainland—theAnglesandtheSaxons—occupiedBritain.之后,来自欧洲大陆的两个日耳曼部落——盎格鲁人和撒克逊人——占领了不列颠。(P22)-6-语境巧练单句填空①IsupposeIwaslookingforanoccupation(occupy)whichwasgoingtobeanadventure.②IhadforgottenaboutitbecauseIhadbeensooccupiedwithotherthings.③Teachinganddoinghomeworkkeepheroccupied(occupy)everyday.④Marywasoccupiedinredecoratingherhouseandhadnotimetoattendtheparty.-7-考点必记(1)occupyoneselfwithsth/indoingsth忙于(做)某事(2)occupiedadj.已占用的;无空闲的beoccupied(房间、座位、床位等)被占用;被占有beoccupied(in)doingsth忙于做某事beoccupiedwithsth从事/忙于某事(3)occupationn.工作;职业;占据-8-3.nameafter以……命名[教材原句]OldEnglishconsistedofamixtureoftheirlanguages.(BoththeEnglishlanguageandtheEnglishpeoplearenamedaftertheAngles;thewordAnglewasspeltEngleinOldEnglish.)古英语包括他们语言的组合体。(不但英语而且英国人都要以盎格鲁人命名;单词Angle在古英语中被拼写为Engle。)(P22)语境巧练完成句子①Theynamedthelittlegirlafterhermother(用她妈妈的名字为这个女孩命名).②Inthenameofjustice(在公正的名义下),allmenshouldbeequalbeforelaws.③Isthereanyonebythenameof(名叫)DennisFleming?④Munrowroteunderthenameof(用……为别名)Saki.-9-考点必记inthenameof以……的名义;代表某人byname名叫……的,凭名字bythenameof称作;叫作underthenameof用……为别名写作佳句ParisisnamedafteragroupofpeoplecalledParis.巴黎是以一个叫巴黎的民族命名的。-10-4.asidefrom除……之外[教材原句]AsidefromplacenamessuchasLondon,veryfewCelticwordsbecamepartofOldEnglish.除了地名,如,伦敦,很少的凯尔特语成为古英语的一部分。(P22)语境巧练用besides,except,asidefrom与exceptfor填空①Allthestudentstookpartinthesportsmeetingexcept/asidefromTom.②Weneedthreemorechairsbesides/asidefromthetwo.③Exceptfortheending,it’sareallygoodfilm.-11-考点必记易混辨析besides,except,asidefrom,exceptfor(1)besides除外的部分包含在内,相当于with/plus(2)except除外的部分不包含在内,相当于without(3)asidefrom兼有besides以及except的用法(4)exceptfor排除整体中的一个细节或某一方面-12-5.contributionn.贡献,促成因素;捐赠[教材原句]ThemostimportantcontributionwasfromtheNormans,aFrench-speakingpeoplewhodefeatedEnglandandtookcontrolofthecountryin1066.最重要的影响来自诺曼人,说法语的诺曼人在1066年打败英国并控制了这个国家。(P22)-13-语境巧练单句填空①Theeditorsaidhehadnotimetolookthroughtheessayscontributed(contribute)recently.②Thanksforthecontributionsyouhavemade(make)inthepasttenyears.③Shecontributedalotofgoodideastothediscussion.④Wouldyouliketomakeacontributiontothehospitalbuildingfund?句式转换⑤Variousfactorscontributedtohisdownfall.=Variousfactorshisdownfall.resultedin/ledto/wereresponsiblefor/caused/broughtabout-14-考点必记(1)makeacontribution/contributionsto对……做出贡献/捐款(2)contributevt.&vi.捐献;捐助;是……的原因之一;贡献;投稿contribute...to...把……贡献给……;向……投稿contributeto有助于;导致(=resultin/leadto);把时间投入到……多词一义contributeto,resultin,beresponsiblefor,bringabout,leadto,cause写作佳句Theworkerswererewardedfortheirgreatcontributionstothecompany.工人们因对公司的巨大贡献而获奖。-15-6.defeatvt.击败,战胜;使失败n.击败,战胜;失败[教材原句]ThemostimportantcontributionwasfromtheNormans,aFrench-speakingpeoplewhodefeatedEnglandandtookcontrolofthecountryin1066.最重要的影响来自诺曼人,说法语的诺曼人在1066年打败英国并控制了这个国家。(P22)-16-语境巧练用defeat,win与beat填空①Everytimetheworkersstucktogethertheyshowedtheirstrengthandwon.②Whetherwedefeattheenemyinonebattle,orbydegrees,theconsequenceswillbethesame.③Itwasnotuntilhisthirdmatchin1790thathefinallybeatHumphriesandbecameChampionofEngland.④OnlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs’death,smart-phonesdefeatedconventionalPCsinsales.(2017·江苏卷,单项填空)-17-考点必记易混辨析defeat,win与beat(1)defeat做名词,意为“战胜,击败,失败”;做及物动词,意为“击败,挫败”。defeat的宾语是竞争对手。(2)win可做及物和不及物动词,意为“赢得,获胜,打胜,博得,获得”。win的宾语不能是竞争对手,而是war,prize,game,match,battle,competition之类的名词。(3)beat通常用于游戏或比赛中,表示“击败”,后接比赛、辩论或战斗中的对手。defeat和win多用于正式的场合,beat较口语化。-18-7.leadto导致;造成(后果)[教材原句]However,theNormanConquestdidnotaffectEnglishasmuchastheAnglesandtheSaxons’victoryabout600yearsearlier,whichledtoOldEnglishreplacingCeltic.可是,诺曼征服并没有给英语带来大约六百年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人入侵对英语所带来的相同后果,盎格鲁人和撒克逊人入侵导致了古英语代替了凯尔特语。(P22)-19-语境巧练用lead短语完成句子①Withhimleadingtheway(带路),wegottherewithoutanydifficulty.Butforhim,wewouldhavebeenlost,whichwouldleadto(导致)seriousconsequences.Hisactionledustobelieve(使我们相信)thathewasourtruefriend.句式转换②Thispolicywillgiverisetogreaterinstabilityintheregion.=Thispolicywillleadtogreaterinstabilityintheregion.(lead)=Thispolicywillresultingreaterinstabilityintheregion.(result)=Thispolicywillcontribut