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Unit1Talesoftheunexplained(主题语境:人与自然——宇宙探索)-2-1.stepup加快,增加,促进;走上前,走近[教材原句]PoliceinAmericahavesteppeduptheirsearchforafifteen-year-oldboywhowentmissingthreedaysagoinDover,NewHampshire.美国警方现在已经加紧对一名15岁的失踪男孩的搜索,该男孩于三天前在新罕布什尔州的多佛市失踪。(P2)-3-语境巧练写出下列句子中stepup的含义①Thegovernmentshoulddoeverythingtostepupenvironmentalprotection.加强②Johnsteppedupontotheplatformandbegantospeak.走上前③Hehassteppedupintothemanagementofthefirm.提升单句填空④Agraspofhowtomanagecolourinyourspacesisoneofthefirststeps(step)tocreatingroomsyou’lllovetolivein.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)⑤Inthisinstance,stepawayfromyourkeyboardtoalloweveryonetocalmdown.(2017·天津卷,阅读理解)⑥Weshouldtakestepstoprevent(prevent)war.⑦Theseproblemsshouldbesolvedstepbystep.-4-考点必记(1)stepdown走下来;辞职,下台,让位stepout出去一会儿,暂时离开stepforward前来提供帮助stepin走进;介入,干涉,插手(尤指为终止事端)stepaside让到一旁,避开stepback后退stepawayfrom摆脱;远离(2)stepbystep循序渐进takestepstodosth采取行动/措施做某事keepinstepwith与……步调一致outofstep步伐、意见等不一致-5-写作佳句WhenJohnrealizedhewasgoingtobelate,hesteppeduphispace.当约翰意识到会迟到时,他加快了步伐。-6-2.dueto由于;因为[教材原句]Thisincidenthasreceivedgreatinterestduetoreportsofstrangelightsintheskyandofalienvisitsaroundthetimetheboydisappeared.这件事引起了公众的极大兴趣,原因是有各种关于男孩失踪前后空中出现奇怪光亮和外星人造访地球的新闻报道。(P2)-7-语境巧练完成句子①Duetohisrudeness,Ididn’tsayonemorewordtohim.因为他很粗鲁,我没有跟他多讲一句话。②Hearrivedlateduetotheunexpectedstorm.他因突如其来的风暴而来晚了。句式转换③Yourhomeworkisexpectedtobehandedintomorrow.Youwillbepunishedifyoucan’tfinishitbythen.=Yourhomeworkisduetobehandedintomorrow.Youwillbepunishedifyoucan’tfinishitbythen.-8-考点必记(1)dueto的同义词组:becauseof;onaccountof;asaresultof;owingto;thanksto(2)bedue(债款等)应该付的;(票据等)到期的;定于,预定(做……的),预定(到达或离开)(+todosth)名师点津thanksto“幸亏;多亏;由于”,通常用于好的方面,侧重感谢。Thankstoyouradvice,muchtroublewassaved.多亏了你的建议,减少了很多麻烦。-9-3.witnessn.目击者,证人vt.目击,见证;是……发生的时间或地点[教材原句]WitnessesalsosaytheysawJustinwalkingtowardshishouseat10:45p.m.目击者也说晚上10点45分他们看到贾斯廷朝他家走去。(P2)-10-语境巧练单句填空①Historyhaswitnessed(witness)Shakespeareanplaysineverymajorlanguageoftheworld.②Onewitnesstotheaccidentsaidthatthedriverappearedtobedrunk.③Don’ttrusthiswords.Hisraggedclothesarejusta/不填witnesstohispoverty.考点必记witnesstosth为……的证据;……的目击者givewitness(tosth)作证withawitness确实be(a)witnessto...是……的见证者;目击(某事的发生);证明……是真实的-11-4.动词-ing/-ed+介词(短语)/副词+be+主语+其他成分[教材原句]Standinginsidewerelotsofstrangecreatureswithwhiteskinandlargeblackeyes.里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又黑又大的奇怪的生物。(P2)语境巧练翻译句子①他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。AmongthesepeoplewashisfriendJim.②一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。Buriedinthesandswasanancientvillage.③站在桌旁的是他的妻子。Standingbesidethetablewashiswife.-12-考点必记动词-ing/-ed+介词(短语)/副词+be+主语+其他成分这是一个倒装句,主语是lotsofstrangecreatureswithwhiteskinandlargeblackeyes。因为creatures是复数形式,所以谓语动词用be的复数形式were。句子用倒装语序是因为主语较长,为了避免“头重脚轻”的现象,所以使用倒装结构,将表语置于主语之前。-13-5.assumevt.假定;以为[教材原句]However,sinceMrsFosterthoughtthatJustinwasspendingthenightwithafriend,sheassumedthatKellywashavingabaddream,andsentherbacktobed.然而,由于福斯特夫人认为贾斯廷在一个朋友家过夜了,所以她认为凯莉做了一个噩梦,于是将她打发回床上。(P3)-14-语境巧练单句填空①Trytounderstandwhat’sactuallyhappeninginsteadofactingontheassumption(assume)you’vemade.(2018·江苏卷,单项填空)②Itiswrongtoassume(assume)artsgroupscannotmakeaprofit.(2018·江苏卷,任务型阅读)③Itisassumed(assume)thatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork.④Assuming(assume)thatourplanisturneddown,whatshallwedo?⑤AsfarasIknow,manypeopleassumehimtobe(be)right.-15-考点必记(1)assumesb/sthtobe...认为某人/某事是……(2)Itisassumedthat...假定……,普遍认为……(3)assumingthat...假设……(4)assumptionn.假定;假设makean/theassumption认为;假定ontheassumptionthat假设,假定-16-写作佳句①Itisveryboringtotalkabouttheassumeddifferencesbetweenthetwocities.讨论两市之间假设的区别很无聊。②IhaveassumedhimtobeanAmerican.我本以为他是美国人。-17-6.occurvi.发生[教材原句]MrFosterwasworkingthatnightonhisroadconstructionjob,andwasnothomewhentheseeventsoccurred.福斯特先生那天晚上在他的工程队上班,当这些事发生的时候他不在家。(P3)-18-语境巧练单句填空①HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,somethingoccurredtome.完成句子②Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat’saroundthem.他们很少想到去游荡一段时间,花些时间看看周围是什么。(2018·天津卷,阅读理解)③Butsometypesofsituationscanhelpustogetridoftheoccurrence(occur)ofanger.(2018·北京卷,七选五)④我突然想到了一个主意。Anideaoccurredtome.=Anideacameintomymind.=Ihit/struckonanidea.-19-考点必记(1)...occur/cometosb某人突然想起……(2)...strike/hitsb某人突然想起……(3)Itoccurstosbthat...某人突然想起……Itstrikes/hitssbthat...某人突然想起……(4)occurrencen.发生;事件;出现名师点津(1)occur常与介词to搭配,相当于动词happen,不能用于被动语态。(2)表示“某人想起……”的短语还有:sthstrikes/hitssb,sbhits/strikesonsth,sthcomestosb,sthcomesintoone’smind等。-20-7.showup出现,现身[教材原句]WhenJustindidnotshowupforlunchthenextday,MrsFosterbecameworriedandtoldherhusbandtocallthepolice.到第二天午饭时分,贾斯廷仍然没有露面,福斯特夫人开始担心了,就让她丈夫打电话报警。(P3)-21-语境巧练短语填空showupputupmakeupbringupuseupcheerupendup①WhentheyshowedupfortheirSundaygame,theywerecompletelydifferent.②Thewritermakes/madeupthetwostoriesofMrFielderandMrPlowrightinordertoexplaintheoriginofadvertising.③Cheerup,youngman!Thingswillcomerightintime.④Hehasputupanewapproachtothedifficulty.⑤Whenstudentsuseuptheirdebtcapacityonstudentloans,theycan’tcommititelsewhere.⑥Ihadtheterriblefeelingofbeingleftbehindtobringupthebabywhilehehadfun.⑦Ifyoualwaysgiveintoothersyouwillendupfeelinglikeadoormat.-22-考点必记pickup捡起putup提出holdup举起pileup堆起buildup树立eatup吃光burnup烧光useup用光endup结