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Unit2Heroes-2-1.calmadj.镇静的,沉着的v.使安静,使镇静语境巧练单句填空①Frommypointofview,suchwonderfulthingswillcalmyoudowneasilyandgiveyouthecouragetomoveon.②Thegirltookadeepbreathtocalmherself(she)down.③Onlyifyougetcalmer(calm)canyoubehavebetterintheperformance.选用calm,quiet,still或silent的适当形式填空④Thepolicetoldtheboytocalmdownandtoldthemwhathadhappened.⑤Neitherofthecouplespoke,anditwascompletelysilentinthesitting-room.⑥It’sdifficultforlittlekidstositstillforverylong.-3-考点必记①calmdown安静下来calmsbdown使某人安静下来calmoneself(down)使自己镇静下来②keep/stay/remaincalm保持冷静词义精析①calm“平静的,沉着的”,指无风浪或人的心情不激动。②quiet“宁静的,安静的”,指没有声音,不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑。也指人“文静的,少语的”。③still“静止的,不动的”,指没有运动或动作的状态。④silent“(人)沉默的,不作声的,未说出的;(物)寂静无声的”。-4-2.generousadj.慷慨的,大方的语境巧练单句填空①Thoughpoorerthanhissister,Blakeyisasgenerousashertothepoor.②It’sreallygenerousofthekidtosharehistoyswithhismates.③ThevictimscouldneverthankthoseChineseenoughfortheirgenerosity(generous).-5-考点必记①begenerouswith用……大方begenerousto对……大方It’sgenerousofsb.todosth.某人做某事是慷慨的。②generosityn.慷慨,大方anactofgenerosity慷慨之举generouslyadv.慷慨地,大方地-6-3.charactern.品格;特性;(小说、戏剧中的)人物,角色;性格;(汉)字,字体[教材原句]NemoisthemaincharacterinthemovieFindingNemo.(P21)尼莫是电影《海底总动员》中的主角。语境巧练单句填空①Thethreecharacters(character)intheplayareimaginary.②Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristic(character)isthathumanshaveextraordinarilylargebrainscomparedwithotheranimals.(2019·江苏卷,任务型阅读)③Thetwinslookthesame,buttheyaredifferentincharacters.-7-考点必记①bedifferentincharacter有着不同的特性aleadingcharacter主角outofcharacter不符合某人的性格,和……不相称②characteristicn.特征,特性,特色adj.特有的,典型的,表示特性的写作佳句Angerisrarelylookeduponasabeneficialcharacter,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceit.动怒很难被视为是一种有益的性格,减少这种行为总不失一种明智之举。-8-4.foundvt.建立,创立[教材原句]Heledthe1911revolutionandfoundedthefirstrepublicofChina.(P24)他领导了1911年的革命,并创立了中国的第一个共和国。语境巧练单句填空①Founded(found)inMoscowafterthe1905revolution,thecompanyeventuallysettledinTelAvivinthelate1920s.(2017·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解A篇)②Agoodgroupshouldbefoundedonunderstanding.③Theschoolhasservedthecommunitysinceitsfoundation(found)in1835.-9-考点必记①foundacity/club/company建起城市/俱乐部/公司foundsthon基于,把某物建立在……上②foundationn.基础;建立;根据layafoundationof打下(……的)基础withoutfoundation无事实依据shake/rockthefoundationsof从根本上动摇-10-5.equaladj.平等的,均等的;相同的;能胜任的vt.比得上,敌得过n.对手,同辈,匹敌[教材原句]Kingdidn’twanttobecausehebelievedblackandwhitepeopleshouldenjoyequalrights.(P24)金不想(让座),因为他相信黑人和白人应该有平等的权利。-11-语境巧练单句填空①Aftertherichmanpassedaway,hispropertywasequally(equal)distributedtohisthreesons.②Nownohuman’sabilityinthisfieldcanequaltothatoftheAI.③Allpeopleinthecompanyhavetherighttoequality(equal)ofopportunity.完成句子④Inthemanager’sopinion,nobodybutJoeisequaltothisposition.在经理看来,只有乔能胜任这个职位。-12-考点必记①beequalin在某方面相等beequalto与……相等;胜任……AequalsBin...A在……方面比得上B②equalityn.平等equallyadv.平等地,均等地unequaladj.不平等的写作佳句Ididn’tbuythecoatbecauseitssleeveswereunequalinlength.我没有买那件外套,因为它的袖子不一样长。-13-6.strugglen.斗争,拼搏vt.搏斗,斗争;努力;挣扎[教材原句]Aftersomestruggle,blacksandwhiteswereabletosittogetheronbuses.(P24)斗争后,在公交上黑人和白人能坐在一起。语境巧练单句填空①Ifeveryonestrugglesagainst/withpollution,wewillhaveanenvironmentallyfriendlyworld.②Theemployeesstruggledfortheirrightsofhavinghighpays.③Look!Thetigerisstrugglingtoescape(escape)fromthecage.完成句子④Theoldmanstruggledtohisfeetanddraggedhimselfaheadslowly.那位老人挣扎着站起来,缓慢地向前走。-14-考点必记struggletodosth努力去做某事strugglewith/against和……做斗争strugglefor为……而努力/奋斗struggletoone’sfeet挣扎着站起来名师点津努力去做某事的多种表达:strivetodosthtrytodosthseektodosthtakepainstodosthsparenoeffortstodosth-15-7.competevi.比赛,竞争[教材原句]Hehasalwaysbeenverystrictwithhisdaughters,trainingthemhardtocompeteagainsteachother.(P26)他对女儿总是很严格,努力训练她们,并让她们相互竞争。语境巧练单句填空①Severalcompaniesarecompetingagainsteachotherforthecontract.②Withyourskillsimproving,it’stimethatyouhadcompetitions(compete)withyourteammates,whichexcitesyoumost.(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)③Workinginsuchacompetitive(compete)industry,I’vesometimesthought,“Ican’tdothisanymore.”(2017·天津卷,阅读表达)④BradfordsaidthatlargemoderntheatersinthecitymadeitimpossibleforthePlazatocompete(compete).(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解B篇)-16-考点必记①compete(withsb)forsth为某物(与某人)竞争competein参加……②competitionn.竞争incompetitionwith和……竞争competitorn.竞争者competitiveadj.有竞争意识的,富有竞争力的写作佳句Insuchacompetitivesociety,wemustequipourselveswithrichknowledge.在这样一个竞争社会,我们必须掌握丰富的知识。-17-8.promotev.促进;提升,升迁;促销[教材原句]Healsoraisedalotofmoneytopromotemedicalresearchintobackinjuries.(P28)他还募得许多钱用来促进背部损伤的医学研究。语境巧练单句填空①Morehigh-speedrailwayswillbebuiltinthewestsoontopromote(promote)thelocaleconomy.②Throughhardwork,Roseeventuallywaspromotedtoamanager.③Thenewsofthemanger’spromotion(promote)isalreadyknowntonearlyeveryoneintheoffice.完成句子④Togetpromotion/promoted,weneedtodoalotofextrawork.要得到提升我们还需要做大量的额外工作。-18-考点必记①promoteaproduct促销一种产品promote...to...把……提升到……promote...as...把……提升为……promotefriendship增进友谊②promotionn.提拔,促进getpromotion/getpromoted获得晋级写作佳句OnlyifIworkhardercanIpromotemyselfandkeepupwithothers.我只有更加努力才能提升自己,赶上别人。-19-9.injuryn.损害,伤害[教材原句]Healsoraisedalotofmoneytopromotemedicalresearchintobackinjuries.(P28)他还募得许多钱用来促进背部损伤的医学研究。-20-语境巧练单句填空①Becareful.You’lldoyourselfaninjury.②Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjured(injure)andt