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Module1SmallTalk-2-(主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会与文化)1.lackv.缺乏,缺少n.缺乏,不足(常与of连用,有时前面可加不定冠词a)[教材原句]Doyouwanttomakemorefriendsbutlacktheconfidencetotalktopeopleyoudon’tknow?(P2)你是否想结交更多的朋友但又缺乏与陌生人交谈的信心?-3-语境巧练单句语法填空①Theboyisverysmartbutlackspatience.②LackvitaminBismakinghimseriouslyill.③Ihaven’tfinishedthepaintinglackoftime.④Sheseemstobetotallylackingcommonsense.完成句子⑤我们不应该因为缺少专业的支持而放弃我们的计划。Weshouldnotabandonourplan.foroffor/throughinforlackofprofessionalsupport-4-考点必记(1)lacksth缺乏某物lackforsth需要某物(2)(a)lackof...缺乏……for/throughlackof...因缺乏……(3)lackingadj.缺少的,缺乏的,不足的(只做表语)belackingin不足,不够点津lack用作不及物动词时,通常与for和in连用;lack用作及物动词时不能用于被动语态;lack用作名词时后常与介词of连用。-5-2.advanceadj.预先的,在前的v.前进;促进;提出;提前[教材原句]Ithelpsifyoudoalittleadvanceplanning.(P2)要是预先做些准备,将会对你有所帮助。语境巧练单句语法填空①It’simpossibleforustobeatAlphaGo,an(advance)robot.②Thestrikersadvancedus,shoutingangrily.③Therehavebeengreat(advance)inmedicineinthelasttenyears.④(2017·天津卷)Hewouldcalladvancetomakesuretherewasnoalcoholattheparty.⑤Heisfarinadvancehisclass.advancedon/towardsadvancesinof-6-考点必记(1)advanceon/towardssb/sth向……前进(2)inadvance(=aheadoftime)事先,事前inadvanceof...在……前面;比……进步/超前makeadvancestosb亲近;套交情;求爱(3)advancedadj.先进的;高级的写作佳句Itisapopularshow,soadvancebookingisessential.这是个很受欢迎的演出,所以一定要提前订票。-7-3.absencen.缺乏,不存在[教材原句]EstherGreenbaum’smajorshortcomingwasthatshehadacompleteabsenceofsmalltalk.(P8)埃斯特·戈林鲍姆的主要缺点是她根本不会聊天。-8-语境巧练单句语法填空①(2017·全国Ⅲ卷)Inthe(absent)ofwolves,coyote(土狼)populationsgrewquickly.②Pickinguphiswifeattheairport,Tomwasabsentourget-togetherparty.③Hisabsencemindduringthedrivingnearlycausedanaccident.完成句子④昨天因为他的心脏病突发,他没有参加会议。Hetheconferenceyesterdaybecauseofhissuddenheartattack.absencefromofwasabsentfrom-9-考点必记(1)intheabsenceof由于缺乏;(物)不存在;缺少;缺席during/inone’sabsence在某人不在/缺席的时候absenceofmind心不在焉(2)absentadj.缺席的,不在的absent-mindedadj.心不在焉的beabsentfrom...未出席……,缺席……写作佳句ItwasmyfirsttimetocookintheabsenceofMother’shelp.这是我第一次在没有妈妈的帮助下做饭。-10-4.everytime引导时间状语从句子[教材原句]Infact,shehadneverlearntthebasicrulesofsocialcommunication,andasaconsequence,shemadesystematicmistakeseverytimesheopenedhermouth.(P8)实际上,她从来就没有认识到社交的基本规则,因此每次张嘴说话都会犯系统性错误。-11-语境巧练单句改错①IfeltnervousbutexcitedforthefirsttimeIperformedonthestagefortheparentsofmyclassmates.②IwenttoseetheseaatthemomentIarrivedinQingdao.③TheboyrealisedhismistakeimmediateIshookmyheadslightly.完成句子④每次我想放弃时,妈妈的话就会浮现于脑海。,Mother’swordswillappearinmymind.去掉第一个for去掉atimmediate→immediatelyEverytimeIwanttogiveup-12-考点必记句中的everytime用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“每次……时”。(1)包含time的连接词:eachtime(每当……的时候)nexttime(下一次……的时候)thefirsttime(第一次……的时候)thelasttime(最后一次……的时候)anytime(任何……的时候)(2)themomenttheinstanttheminutethesecond=assoonas意为“一……就……”(3)immediately,instantly,directly这三个副词也可转化为连接词用,意为“一……就……”。点津forthefirsttime意为“第一次”,在句中做状语,不可做连词来用。-13-5.apologyn.道歉,致歉[教材原句]“Oh,sorry,”saidEstherwithoutanyapology.“Justputtingonalittleweight,huh?”(P8)埃斯特毫无歉意地说:“噢,对不起。只是略微发福,是吗?”语境巧练用apology的适当形式填空①IknowIshould,butIfearthatshewouldrefusemy.②Shefeltsoformisunderstandingmyintention.一句多译我写信为没有提前告知你而离开道歉。③I’mwritingthislettertowithouttellingyouinadvance.(apology)④I’mwritingthisletterwithouttellingyouinadvance.(apologise)apologizeapologyapologeticmakeanapologytoyouforleavingtoapologizetoyouforleaving-14-考点必记(1)makeanapologytosbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事而向某人道歉accept/refuseone’sapology接受/拒绝某人的道歉owesbanapologyforsth因某事应该向某人道歉(2)apologizev.道歉apologizetosbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事而向某人道歉(3)apologeticadj.道歉的;愧疚的写作佳句IoweyouanapologyforthefactthatIcannotgotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.我应向你道歉,星期五下午不能和你一起去书店。-15-6.leaveout省去,删去;漏掉;忽视;忽略;不考虑[教材原句]Noticehowcertainwordsareleftoutininformalconversation.(P10)注意在非正式谈话中某些单词是怎样被省略的。语境巧练单句语法填空①Readtheinstructionscarefullyanddon’tleaveanyimportantdetail.②TheyareplanningtoleaveWuhannextweek.③Justleavehim,andheneedstothinkovermysuggestionsquietly.④(2019·天津卷)Byopeninganovel,Icanleavemyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworld.⑤Danhadtoleavehisplanforitprovedimpracticalonceitwascarriedout.outforalonebehindoff-16-考点必记leavefor动身去……leavebehind遗留;遗忘;使落后leavesbalone不打扰某人;不管某人leavesthaside不予考虑;搁在一边leaveoff停止,中断写作佳句IamingreattroublethatIamleftfarbehindothersinmyEnglish.我现在有了大麻烦:我的英语已经远远地落在他人之后了。-17-7.showoff炫耀[教材原句]Incomeisaveryprivatematter,andyou’ddowelltoavoidaskinghowmuchpeopleearn,althoughsomepeoplemaynotonlybeopenaboutit,butshowofftheirwealth.(P11)收入是很私人的事情,你最好避免问别人挣多少钱,尽管有些人对此不仅不加隐瞒,反而还炫耀他们的财富。语境巧练用适当的介词或副词填空Mysonshowedme①hisschoolyardlastweek.Heshowedme②theirsciencelabtoshow③(炫耀)theadvancedinstruments④showandwhenallwasfinishedheshowedme⑤theschoolgate.⑥(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)MP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedin2007.aroundintooffontoup-18-考点必记showup如约赶到;出现;露面showsbaround领某人(到处)参观showsbin/out领某人进来/出去showinto领进;引入showsbto把某人带到onshow在展出写作佳句Schooluniformscaneffectivelypreventstudentsfromshowingoffbywearingfashionablefamous-brandclothes.校服可以有效地阻止学生通过穿时尚的名牌服装来炫耀。-19-8.imaginev.想象;设想[教材原句]Imagineasituationwheretwostrangersaretalkingtoeachotheraftersomeonetheybothknowhaslefttheroom,orthecaféorparty,etc.(P13)设想这样一种情况,双方都认识的人离开了房间、咖啡馆或聚会后,两个陌生