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Module1Europe-2-(主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会与文化)1.acrossprep.横过;穿过;交叉;在……另一边[经典例句]Bike-sharingprogramisspreadingacrossthewholecountry.共享单车正在全国范围内普及。语境巧练完成句子①Thesupermarketyouarelookingforisjust(在街的对面).②Thenewsquareinourcommunityisabout(100英尺宽).③TheotherdayI(偶然遇到)afriendinthestreet.④Icouldn’t(解释清楚)mymeaningtotheforeignvisitorsinEnglish.acrossthestreet100feetacrosscameacrossgetacross-3-一言辨异⑤长城自西向东蜿蜒而行,跨越沙漠,越过高山,穿过峡谷,最后直达海边。TheGreatWallwindsitswayfromwesttoeast,thedeserts,themountains,thevalleys,untilatlastitreachesthesea.acrossoverthrough-4-考点必记(1)acrossthestreet在街的对面acrosstheworld遍及全世界10feetacross10英尺宽(2)comeacross偶然遇见get(sth)across使被理解;解释清楚(3)crossvt.横过;穿过辨析across/through/over①across多指从一定范围的一边到另一边,且是在物体的表面进行的动作。②through也表示从某一范围的一端到另一端的动作,但它表示的动作是在空间内进行。③over用作“穿过”“通过”之意时,表示到达一座高的障碍物(如树、墙、篱笆和山脉等)的另一侧的动作。-5-2.facev.面向;面对;面临;应付n.脸;相貌;表情;表面;侧面[教材原句]FranceisEurope’sthirdlargestcountryandfacestheUnitedKingdomacrosstheEnglishChannel.(P1)法国是欧洲第三大国,隔着英吉利海峡与英国相望。语境巧练单句语法填空①(2019·北京卷)Nervously(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.②(2019·天津卷)MyfatherlovesmeandencouragesmewhenI’m(face)withdifficulties.③I’dliketobookaroom(face)south.④Youshouldkeepcalmevenfaceofdanger.facingfacedfacingin-6-单句写作⑤自信能使我们勇敢地面对任何困难并且克服它。(faceupto)Self-confidencecanmakeusfaceuptoanydifficultybravelyandovercomeit.-7-考点必记(1)faceupto大胆面向befacedwith面对(2)insb’sface正对着某人;当着某人的面infaceof面临点津face表示“面对”时与人称主语的搭配习惯与我们母语的表达特点不同,是极易出错的地方,因此也是高考题中分词形式做状语、定语或宾语补足语时的热门考点之一。这时要注意两种表达方式:Facingpilesofwork/Facedwithpilesofwork,shefelthelpless.从以上可以看出,face如果与介词with连用时,与人称主语是被动关系。-8-3.全部倒装句[教材原句]BetweenFranceandSpainisanothermountainrange—thePyrenees.(P1)法国和西班牙之间是另一座山脉——比利牛斯山脉。语境巧练用所给词的适当形式填空①Intothecompletesilenceofthewaitingclass(come)theteacher’ssweetvoice,“Goodmorning,children.”②Listen!There(go)thebell.Hurryup!③Ononewalloftheclassroom(write)twowords“ForgetYourself”.camegoeswerewritten-9-句型转换④Theyarrivedatanoldchurch.Abigcrowdofpeoplestoodinfrontoftheoldchurch.→(用定语从句和倒装句改写)Theyarrivedatanoldchurch,infrontofwhichstoodabigcrowdofpeople.-10-考点必记表示地点的介词短语放在句首时,句子要用全部倒装语序,即把谓语动词提至主语前,以示强调。(1)表示地点、时间、方位等的副词及介词短语位于句首时,可构成全部倒装。①常见的副词有now,then,here,there,out,in,away,off,up,down。②常见的介词短语有onthetopof,infrontof,inthemiddleof,underthe+n.等。③常见的谓语动词有come,go,leave,run,rush,stand,lie,hang等。(2)谓语的单复数形式要和其后的主语保持一致。(3)当主语为人称代词时,主语和谓语语序不变。(4)在全部倒装句中,谓语用一般现在时代替现在进行时。-11-4.situatedadj.坐落(某处)的;位于(某处)的;(人)处于……境遇/地位的[教材原句]ParisisthecapitalandlargestcityofFrance,situatedontheRiverSeine.(P2)巴黎是法国的首都,也是法国最大的城市,坐落在塞纳河畔。-12-语境巧练用situate的适当形式填空①NanjingisacityintheheartlandofthelowerYangtzeRiverregioninChina.②itselfinthecentreofthetown,thehotelenjoysgreatconveniencesofshopping.③(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,simplyexplainthetotheprofessor.④(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwaybetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March.situatedSituatingsituationissituated-13-考点必记(1)situatevt.使……坐落于(2)besituatedon/in/at...位于……;处于……地位(境遇、立场)bebadly/wellsituated境况困难/良好(3)situationn.情形,境遇;(建筑物等的)位置ina...situation处于……状态/境遇点津situation表示情形、境遇、局势时,后面的定语从句常用where来引导。-14-5.locatedadj.(=situated)位于……的[教材原句]Oneoftheworld’slargestartgalleries,theLouvre,isalsolocatedinParis.(P2)世界最大的艺术馆之一,卢浮宫,也坐落在巴黎。语境巧练用locate的正确形式填空①(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)HisofficeattheXiangshancampusoftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.②TheStatueofLiberty,offtheshoresofNewYork,isthesymbolofAmerica.③ThevillagewasusedastheforaTVseries.islocatedlocatedlocation-15-写作升级④Thelittlevillageliesdeepinthemountainsandisalmostcutofffromtheoutsideworld.→[满分表达],thelittlevillageisalmostcutofffromtheoutsideworld.(用situated或located改写)Situated/Locateddeepinthemountains-16-考点必记(1)belocatedon/at/in...位于……(2)locatev.位于;使……坐落于;找到……的位置(3)locationn.位置;场所点津located和situated都是由过去分词形式转化而来的形容词,形式上是被动关系,但翻译成主动意义。写作佳句Atpresent,BeidouNavigationSystemcanhelpusconvenientlylocateourselvesandfindthedestinationacrosstheworld.当前,北斗导航系统在全球能够帮我们便捷地定位我们的位置并找到目的地。-17-6.neither...nor...既不……也不……[教材原句]NeitherAmynorHelenisEnglish.(P7)埃米和海伦都不是英国人。语境巧练用所给词的适当形式填空①NeitherInorJohn(know)thattheEnglishspeechcontesthasbeenputoff.②Ihavegottwoties,butneither(match)mynewshirt.句型转换③Ifyoudon’tgotothemovie,Iwon’tgoeither.→Ifyoudon’tgotothemovie,.knowsmatchesneither/norwillI-18-考点必记(1)当neither...nor...连接两个主语时,谓语动词数的形式应遵循“就近原则”。(2)neither...nor...连接两个分句时,neither和nor如果提到句首,包含它们的分句要用部分倒装语序。(3)neither的其他用法:①neither还可以单独使用做主语,表示“两者中没有一个”。②当表达一个人没有做某事,另一个人也没有做同一类事时,可用neither或nor进行简略回答,其结构为:Neither/Nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语。-19-7.signvt.签署;签(名);做手势n.符号;迹象;征兆;标记,标牌[教材原句]FranceandGermanyaren’tgoingtosigntheagreement.(P7)法国与德国不准备签署这项协议。语境巧练单句语法填空①Hesignedforthewaiter(bring)himanotherdrink.②Idecidetosignforthesummercamptobroadenmyhorizons.③Inmountainsitoftenshowerswithoutsignofrain.④(2019·天津卷)Participantsshouldsignatthegymwhentheyarrive.tobringupain-20-考点必记(1)sign(to/forsb)todosth打手势(让某人)做某事signup(forsth)报名参加signoff停播;结束;签订signin/out签到/退(2)asignof...……的标志/迹象roadsigns路标写作佳句Ihavesignedupforasecretarialcoursetoimprovemyskills.我已报名参加一项秘书课程来提高我的技能。-21-8.intermsof就……而言;