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Unit22EnvironmentalProtection-2-1.reservevi.储备;保存;保留;预订n.保护区;储备;保留;储备金;储藏量[教材原句]Breweriesareoftenbuiltinnaturereserves.(P5)啤酒厂通常建在自然保护区中。语境巧练单句填空①Thegovernmentisplanningtosetupmorenaturereserves(reserve).②Couldyoureserveahotelformeinyourcity?③Iwillcalltherestaurantandmakeareservation(reserve).完成句子④Thepowerofimaginationneednotbereservedforchildrenonly.想象力不必只留给孩子。-3-考点必记①reservesthforsb为某人保留/预定某物anaturereserve自然保护区inreserve贮存;备用②reservationn.保留;预订(房间、座位等)makeareservation预订(座位、房间等)withoutreservation毫无保留地写作佳句Irecommendhimtoyouwithoutreservation,asIbelieveyouwillappreciatehisabilityinthisfield.我毫无保留地向你推荐他,因为我相信,你会赏识他在这一领域的能力。-4-2.trapvt.使困住,诱骗,使陷入困境n.陷阱,圈套[教材原句]Becauseofthegreenhouseeffect,theEarthiswarmedbygasestrappedintheatmosphere.(P5)由于温室效应,困在大气层中的气体使得地球变暖。语境巧练单句填空①Byquestioninghetrappedthethiefintomakingaconfession.②Trapped(trap)inruins,thelittlegirlstillkeptcalm,wearingasmileandwaitingtoberescued.完成句子③Thebravesoldiersweredeterminedtosaveallthepeopletrappedinthefloodedmine.那些勇敢的战士决心要营救所有困在洪水淹没的矿井中的人们。-5-考点必记trapsbintodoingsth诱骗某人做某事betrappedin被困在……set/layatrap设置陷阱,布下圈套fall/walkintoatrap落入圈套/陷阱fallintothetrapofdoingsth掉进做……的陷阱写作佳句Don’tfallintothetrapofsigningsomethingwithoutreadingitcarefullyfirst.不要没仔细看就签字,小心上当。-6-3.beyondprep.超出adv.在远处[教材原句]Inthelastfewdecades,scientistshavereachedconsensusandreportedthathumanbeingsarecausingchangesintheEarth’sclimate—somethingpreviouslyseenasbeyondourcontrol.(P6)最近几十年,科学家们一致认为,人类正在引起地球的气候变化——而这在以前看来是我们不能控制的。-7-语境巧练单句填空①WhenChineseWomen’sVolleyballTeamatlastwonthechampion,manyChineseonthespotjumpedwithjoybeyondspeech.②Aperson,whenchallenged,canoftendowhatisbeyondhisability.完成句子③Beyondacertainpoint,though,furtherstresswillonlyleadtoexhaustion,illnessandfinallyabreakdown.然而,超过某一点,进一步的压力将只会导致疲惫、疾病,最终导致崩溃。(2016·上海卷,语法与词汇)④So,alwaystrytolivealittlebitbeyondyourabilities—andyou’llfindyourabilitiesaregreaterthanyoueverdreamed.所以,总是努力超越一点你的能力去生活——你将会发现你的能力比你曾梦想的更大。-8-考点必记beyondcontrol无法控制beyondwords/speech难以言表,无法形容beyondcompare无与伦比的beyondmidnight午夜以后beyondsb’spower某人力所不及的beyondone’simagination/description超乎想象/无法描述beyondbelief/doubt令人难以置信/毫无疑问beyondrepair/reach无法修理/够不着It’sbeyondmewhy/what...我无法理解为什么/什么……写作佳句Howaneight-year-oldboycanknowanythingaboutthatisbeyondme.一位八岁的男孩竟然熟知那样的事情是我所不能理解的。-9-4.claimvt.&n.(根据权利)要求,索赔;认领;声称[教材原句]Theyclaimthatinthelast50years,gasespumpedintotheEarth’satmospherebythefactoriesandvehicleshavebeenspeedinguptheprocessofglobalwarmingandaffectingourclimate.(P6)在过去的五十年间,工厂和汽车排放入大气层中的气体加速了全球变暖的进程,影响了我们的气候。-10-语境巧练单句填空①Atthispoint,noonehadcalledtoclaim(claim)thedog,soAnndecidedtokeepit.②Doctorsclaimedtohavediscovered(discover)acureforthedisease.③Theyhadnoclaimontheland,whichwasbelievedtoberichinoil.完成句子④Youcanclaimyourmoneybackifthegoodsaredamaged.如果货物有损坏,你可以要求退款。-11-考点必记claimtodosth声称要做某事claimsth认领某物claimback要求收回;索回layclaimto声称对……的拥有权havenoclaimon/tosth没有对……要求的权利;无资格得到makeaclaimfor对(赔偿等)提出要求写作佳句Fredclaimedtohavedonetheworkwithouthelp.弗雷德声称未借助外力而完成了这项工作。-12-5.relevantadj.有关的;切题的[教材原句]...howisitrelevanttoourlives?(P6)……它又是怎样和我们的生活息息相关的呢?-13-语境巧练单句填空①Theprofessorsometimesmakesremarksthatarenotrelevanttohistopic.②Arethereanyspecialtraditionsassociatedwithdifferentseasonsinyourcountry?完成句子③Now,Iamwritingtoinformyouofsomerelevantdetails.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)现在,我写信告诉你一些相关细节。④Whatexperiencedoyouhavethat/whichisrelevanttothisposition?你有与此职位相关的经验吗?-14-考点必记①relevantinformation相关信息relevantdetails相关细节berelevantto和……有关(=havesthtodowith)②relevancen.相关,贴切,关联性relevantlyadv.有关地;切题地名师点津表示“与……有关”的方式:beconnected/concerned/associatedwithbelinkedto/withberelatedtobeinrelationtobeinconnectionwithbetodowithhavesthtodowith-15-6.advocatevt.主张,提倡n.提倡者,倡导者;拥护者[教材原句]Expertsadvocatethateachpersonplaytheirpart.(P6)专家们倡议每个人都发挥自己的作用。语境巧练单句填空①Peopleadvocatethatsomething(should)bedone(do)tostoppeoplefromlittering.②Manyexpertsadvocaterewarding(reward)yourchildrenfortheirgoodbehaviour.③Don’texpecthimtobeanadvocateoftheplan.单句改错④Theyadvocatedeveryonewoulddonatesomemoneytotheearthquake-strickenarea.would→should或去掉would-16-考点必记①advocatethat...(should)dosth主张……,提倡……advocatedoingsth提倡做某事anadvocateof/forsb/sth支持某人/某事的人②advocacyn.拥护名师点津Somehighschoolteachersstronglyadvocatethereformofthecurrenteducationalsystemtomakestudentsdevelopinanall-roundway.一些高中教师强烈主张改革现有的教育体系,以使学生得到全面发展。-17-7.substituten.代替者;代替品,代用品vt.代替,取代[教材原句]Afterall,there’snosubstituteforourEarth.(P6)毕竟,我们的地球没有替代品。语境巧练单句填空①Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135”.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)②Hisfatheronlysawhimasasubstituteforhisdeadbrother.完成句子③Love,friendship,knowledge,health,allthesethingsarepricelessthingsforwhichmoneycan’tsubstitute.爱情、友情、知识、健康,所有这些都是无价的,是金钱所无法取代的。-18-考点必记asubstitutefor...……的代替者(品)substituteforsb/sth(用……)代替;取代substituteAforB/substituteBwith/byA用A代替B写作佳句Youshouldmakeitclearthatvitaminpillsarenotsubstituteforhealthydiet.你必须清楚维生素药片不能代替健康饮食。-19-8.threatenvt.威胁;预示……;有……的危险语境巧练单句填空①Onamoregloballevel,thedestructionoftherainforestforfull-suncoffeefieldsalsothreatens(threat)humanlife.②Theincidentthreatenstoruin(r