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Unit21HumanBiology-2-1.abusevt.辱骂;滥用;虐待n.滥用;虐待;辱骂,恶语[教材原句]Takingthesedrugsisknownas“doping”andalthoughtheyenhanceperformance,theyalsocauseserioushealthproblemsinlaterlifeforthosewhoabusethem.(P34)尽管兴奋剂有助于提高成绩,但同时也会给那些滥用兴奋剂的运动员招来日后生活中的健康麻烦。-3-语境巧练单句填空①Thelandisalivingthing.Itwillhitbackatyouifyouabuse(abuse)it.②Ineverexpectedthathewouldabuse(abuse)thetrustIplacedinhim.完成句子③Parentsalsoshouldsetanexampletotheirchildrenbynotabusing-4-考点必记abuseone’spositionas...滥用……的职务abuseone’spower滥用职权abuseone’strust背信弃义drugabuse/alcoholabuse吸毒/酗酒写作佳句Thosewhoabusedrugsarelikelytotrytoobtainthemillegally.那些滥用毒品的人可能没法非法获得毒品。-5-2.toleratevt.容忍,忍受,宽恕;容许;能经受(困难)[教材原句]Thesportsworlddoesnottoleratedopingasitisafundamentalformofcheating.(P34)由于它是影响力大的欺骗形式,体育界是不会容忍运动员服用兴奋剂的。-6-语境巧练单句填空①Incontemporaryculture,physicalexpressionsofangeraregenerallyconsideredtoosociallyharmfultobetolerated(tolerate).②...suchmeasureswillbecomemoreavehicleforintolerance(tolerant)thanintegration.(2017·浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)③Howcanyoutoleratehisshouting(shout)atyou?完成句子④IregretitbecauseIcan’ttoleratemylandlady’sincreasingtherentanymore.我后悔,因为我无法再容忍我女房东涨房租。-7-考点必记①tolerate+n.容忍……toleratedoing...容忍/容许做……toleratesb/sb’sdoing容忍某人做……②tolerationn.忍受,宽容,容许tolerableadj.可容忍的,可忍受的;过得去的(in)tolerantadj.(不能)忍受的,(无法)容忍的tolerancen.容忍;忍受,宽容;耐力intolerancen.不能容忍be(in)tolerantof/towards(不能)容忍……写作佳句Ourteachersareextremelygentleandfriendlyandverytolerantofuschildren.我们老师很温柔、很友善,对我们这些小孩很宽容。-8-3.seekv.(sought,sought)寻求,请求;试图,设法;寻找,追求[教材原句]Dopingisnotonlyaprobleminathletics,itispartofeverysportwhereathletesseektoachievebeyondtheirnaturallimitsandarepreparedtocheattodoso.(P34)服用兴奋剂不仅仅是田径运动存在的问题,每个运动项目都存在这个问题,运动员想取得超常体育成绩而准备作弊。-9-语境巧练单句填空①Theyheardthebarkingofthelostdogandsought(seek)itout.②Besides,businessesseektoappeal(appeal)tocustomers’senses.③Yourlivesarebusyenoughdoinghomework,playingsports,makingfriends,seekingafteryourdreams.(2016·四川卷,阅读理解B篇)完成句子④Thoseyoungpeopleleftthevillagetoseektheirfortuneinbigcities.这些年轻人离开了村子,去大城市寻找发迹的机会。-10-考点必记①seekhelpfromsb向某人请求帮助seekfor寻求,寻找seekout找出,挑出seektodosth试图去做某事seekone’sadvice向某人征求意见seekone’sfortune寻找出路,寻找发迹的机会②seekern.搜索者;探求者写作佳句It’sdoubtfulwhethertheywillseekhelpfromtheirrelatives.他们是否会寻求亲属的帮助值得怀疑。-11-4.opposev.反对;反抗,抵制[教材原句]Gene-therapyisverycontroversialandmanypeopleopposefurtherresearchintoit.(P34)基因治疗是很有争议的。许多人反对进一步研究。-12-语境巧练单句填空①Iwouldcertainlyopposechanging(change)thesystem.②...bepatienttothepeoplewhoarethecompleteopposite(oppose)ofthatdescription.(2016·浙江卷,六选五)③Manyfarmersopposed(oppose)theplanbecausetheyfearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.(2017·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)完成句子④Mymotherisopposedtowashingtheseclotheswithawashingmachine.妈妈反对用洗衣机洗这些衣服。-13-考点必记①opposesth反对某事opposedoingsth反对做某事beopposedto(doing)sth反对(做)某事②opposedadj.反对的;截然不同的oppositeadv.相对地,相反地;对面地adj.相对的,对面的prep.在……对面n.反义词,对立的事物写作佳句DadopposeddrivingourowncartovisitHangzhouashethoughtwemightmeetwithtrafficjamanditwasnotenvironmentallyfriendly.爸爸反对我们开车去杭州,因为他认为我们可能会遇到交通阻塞,而且这也不环保。-14-5.contradictvt.违反,违背;与(其他事物)相矛盾,相反;反驳,批驳[教材原句]However,ifagenerationofsportsstarswithenhancedgeneswerecreated,itwouldcontradictthewholespiritofsport.(P34)然而,如果一代有强化基因的运动明星被造出,这将有悖于整个运动精神。-15-语境巧练单句填空①ButtheinformationIgotwasrichandvaried,orevencontradictory(contradict).(2018·江苏卷,书面表达)②Thespeakerhadgotconfused,andstartedcontradictinghimself(he).完成句子③Yourstatementstodayareindirectcontradictiontowhatyousaidyesterday.你今天的陈述与你昨天所说的话恰恰相反。-16-考点必记①contradictoneself自相矛盾②contradictionn.矛盾,不一致;反驳contradictoryadj.对立的,不一致的;相互矛盾的contradictionbetween...and...在……和……之间不一致(矛盾,对立)indirectcontradictionto与……恰恰相反写作佳句Youngchildrenshouldnevercontradictwhattheirparentssay.孩子们绝对不应顶撞父母。-17-6.postponevt.推迟,延期语境巧练单句填空①Thepostponement(postpone)of“adultactivities”couldnotbeattributedtomorehomeworkorextracurricularactivities.(2018·上海卷,完形填空)②Theydecidedtopostpone(postpone)theirtripuntilnextweek,owingtothechangeoftheweather.③Let’spostponemaking(make)adecisionuntilwehavemoreinformation.-18-考点必记①postponesthto/until...把某事延迟/推迟到……postponedoingsth推迟做某事②postponementn.延期;延缓名师点津postpone和delay,putoff等意义相近,用法也相近,它们后面都应跟动词-ing形式。-19-7.prohibitvt.禁止;阻止,使不可能[教材原句]SincetheSARSepidemicended,scientistshavebeendoingtrialsontreatmentstoprohibitanyfutureoutbreaks.(P38)从“非典”疫潮结束后,科学家们就在做治疗实验以防止将来再次发生。-20-语境巧练单句填空①Thebagsareprohibited(prohibit)insome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.(2018·浙江卷,阅读理解B篇)②Pleasenotethatanyprohibited(prohibit)itemswillbetakenawaybytheOfficeofResidenceLife.③In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibiting(prohibit)thekillingofpassengerpigeons...完成句子④Prohibittheirchildrenfromvisiting(visit)theweb.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)禁止他们的孩子访问那个网站。-21-考点必记①prohibitsth禁止某事prohibitdoingsth禁止做某事prohibitsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事②prohibitionn.禁止;禁令名师点津表示“禁止某人做某事”结构还有:①bansbfromdoingsth②forbidsbfromdoingsth③forbidsbtodosth写作佳句MrLiisprohibitedfromtravellingbyairorbytrainbecausehehasn’tpaidoffthedebt.李先生因为没有还清债务而不准乘飞机或乘火车出行。-22-8.robvt.抢夺,剥夺;使丧失;抢劫[教材原句]Terrihadfallenintoacomain1990whenaheartattackrobbedherbrainofoxygencausingpermanentharm.(P40)特里在1990年因心脏病突发,大脑