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詻筱敉1.Identifyandexplainfivereasonsfordismissalthatwouldbeconsidered‘fair’accordingtocurrentlegaldefinitions.Thereasonsfordismissalthatwouldbeconsidered‘fair’accordingtocurrentlegaldefinitions:(1)Incapability,whichcoversissuedinrelationtohealthandmentalcapabilitiesinadditiontocompetenceincludingskillandaptitude.Forexample,asecretaryalwaysfivethemanagerwrongdocumentsandarrangewrongtimetomeetclients.(2)Misconduct,itmeanstheemployeehasmanyimpolitebehaviors,likebadtimekeeping,theftorabuse.Forexample,acleanerislateforworkeverydayforamonth.(3)Redundancy,providingthemethodforselectionwasfairandtheprocedurewasproperlyfollowed.Forexample,apublicizedepartmentofacompanyhaslotsofemployees.Atthistimethecompanycanthroughsomeeffectiveway,likeexamtochoosetheapproachemployeeandtheprocedurewasproperlyfollowed.(4)Qualifications,failuretohavequalificationsrelevanttothejob.Forexample,alawyerwhoisdisqualifiedfromhumanresourcemanages.(5)Goingoutonanunlawfulstrike,aslongastheemployeewasnotsingledoutforthistreatmentandallstrikingemployeesweretreatedalike.Forexample,someemployeesaredisagreethecompany’srulesandheldunlawfulstrike;thecompanycancarryoutproperlyproceduredismissaltheemployees.2.Explainyourunderstandingoftheterm‘unfairdismissal’,andprovideexamplesofthreefundamentalquestionsthatanEmploymentTribunalwouldbeseekinganswersto,whenconsideringwhetherornottofindadismissalunfair.Unfairdismissalisinfringetherelationlawstipulatetheemployertakeunfairwayterminatedtheemploymentwithemployees.Itdependingonthereasonfordismissalandwhetheractreasonablyduringthedismissalprocess.Asusualthereasonandprocessisnotreasonable.Unfairdismissaloccurswheretheemployerisinbreachofastatutorydutytotreattheemployeefairly.Itencroachthelawfulrightsandinterestsofemployees.(1)Wastheresufficientpermissiblereasonforthedismissal?Forexample,anemployerwantstodismissalanemployee,hemustgiveareasonablereasonfortheemployeeconvince.(2)Didtheemployeractreasonablyinthecircumstances?Forexample,whenanemployerwantstodismissalanemployeehemustthinkaboutcarefully.Ifthereasonisnotabletodismissaltheemployeehecouldchangeawaytopunishmenthe.(3)Havetheemployersactedreasonablyinthedismissalprocedure?Forexample,whenanemployerdismissalanemployeehemustgiveaexhaustivesurveytoensuredismissalisreasonable.3.Giveatleastsixexamplesofconditionsthatwouldautomaticallymakeadismissal‘unfair’.Pleaseremembertoprovideexamplesofrelevantemploymentlawcases.(1)Tradeunionmembershiporactivities.Forexample,adriverforparticipatinginunionactivitiesbythecompanydismissedisanunfairdismissal.(2)Dismissalonmaternityrelatedgrounds.Forexample,awomanbecomepregnantbutthecompanywantdismissher.(3)Dismissalfortaking,orproposingtotake,someactiononhealthandsafetygrounds,forexampletryingtobringahealthandsafetyissuetoanemployer’sattention.(4)Dismissalforhavingsoughttoexerciseastatutoryemploymentright,forexampleallegingthatanemployerhasinfringedanemployee’srighttoaminimumperiodofnotice,oranyformofunlawfuldiscrimination.(5)Dismissalofashopworkerorbettingworkerforrefusing,orproposingtorefuse,todoshopworkonSundays.(6)Reasonsconnectedwiththetransferofanundertakingfromoneemployertoanotheremployer.Unliketheotherreasonsinthislist,anemployeemusthaveatleasttwoyears’servicebeforetheycouldbringaclaimagainsttheiremployerforthistypeofdismissal.Forexample,anemployeeworksinacompanyformanyyears,onedayhewenttoanothercompanyapplyforanotherjob,Thecompany'smanagersbelievethatshewantstoquitandshewasdismissal.Itwasunfairdismissal.4.Explaintheterms‘wrongfuldismissal’and‘constructivedismissal’andexplainhowthesetermsdifferfrom‘unfairdismissal’.(1)Constructivedismissalisatermusedtodescribethesituationwhereanemployeeleavestheirjobbecauseoftheemployer’sbehavior.Itoccurswhereanemployeeresignsbecausetheemployer’sactionsmusthaveamountedtoafundamentalbreachofcontract.Wrongfuldismissalisinacategorysomewhatseparatefromothertypesofdismissal.Itoccurswheretheemployerisinbreachofcontractindismissinganemployee.Unfairdismissaloccurswheretheemployerisinbreachofastatutorydutytotreattheemployeefairly.(2)Onehandconstructivedismissalandwrongfuldismissalareviolationtheconnact,unfairdismissalviolationtreattheemployeeequally.Ontheotherhandconstructivedismissalandweongfuldismissaldidn’thaveworkingtimelimit,butunfairdismissalshouldhasmorethanoneyear’semployment.5.Whatemploymentconditionsmustbemetbeforeaworkeriseligibletoclaim‘unfairdismissal’?Ifanemployeefeelsthattheiremployerhasunfairlydismissedthem,theymaybeentitledtohavetheircomplaintconsideredbeforeanEmploymentTribunal,providedtheymeetthefollowingcriteria:(1)Anemployeemustbeemployedonafullorpart-timebasis.Theamountofhoursworkedperweekisirrelevant.(2)Anemployeemusthaveoneyear’scontinuousemployment.(Thereareexceptionstothisrule,whichareexplainedinthesection’automaticallyunfairreasonsfordismissal’).(3)Anemployeemustbebelowthenormalretirementage.(Again,thereareexceptionstothisinrelationtodismissalforautomaticallyunfairreasons.)Forexample,anemployeewasgraduatefromanuniversityandworkedforacompanyforthreeyearswithacontract.Ifhemeetu