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专题九并列连词和状语从句考情概览-2-高考感悟考点归纳Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2018·北京卷)Ifwedon’tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.2.(2017·北京卷)Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigureitout.3.(2018·江苏卷)Unlessyoucansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.4.(2017·浙江卷)Pahlssonscreamedsoloudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.5.(2017·天津卷)Let’snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekendsothattheygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.考情概览-3-高考感悟考点归纳Ⅱ.单句改错1.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)Attheendofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturneverytwoyears,butheagreed.but→and2.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷)ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.where→when3.(2017·全国Ⅰ卷)IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank.so→but4.(2017·全国Ⅲ卷)Ihavegrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.and→but考情概览-4-高考感悟考点归纳5.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷)Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.去掉but6.(2016·全国Ⅰ卷)Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusedforcooking.or→and7.(2016·全国Ⅱ卷)Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.but→and考情概览-5-高考感悟考点归纳考点一连词在句中连接单词、短语、从句或者句子的词为连词。根据句子的结构特点,连词通常分为并列连词和从属连词。1.并列连词按照在句中的作用可分为:表并列关系的连词(and,aswellas,both...and...,notonly...butalso...,neither...nor...等)、表转折关系的连词(but,yet,while等)、表选择关系的连词(or,either...or...等)、表因果关系的连词(for,so等)。Givemeachance,andI’llgiveyouawonderfulsurprise.给我一个机会,我会给你一个很大的惊喜。IwasgladtomeetJennyagain,butIdidn’twanttospendalldaywithher.再次见到珍妮我很高兴,但是我不想整天和她在一起。考情概览-6-高考感悟考点归纳2.引导状语从句的从属连词主要有:if,as,when,while,till,until,since,after,before,because,though,although,so...that,where等。Idon’treallyliketheauthor,althoughIhavetoadmithisbooksareveryexciting.我实在不喜欢这位作者,尽管我不得不承认他写的书很激动人心。考情概览-7-高考感悟考点归纳考点二时间状语从句1.when,while,as都可译为“当……的时候”,但侧重点有所不同。当主句动作是瞬时的、从句动作是延续的时,三者都可以用。as强调主、从句动作同时或几乎同时发生。while从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,不能是非延续性动词。Shesangaswewalked.Ilistenedcarefullywhileshewassinging,andwefelthappywhenwegothome.我们一边走她一边唱,她唱的时候我认真地听,到家的时候我们感觉很高兴。2.until和not...untiluntil要与延续性动词连用;not...until要与非延续性动词连用。Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhisfathercameback.他直到父亲回来才上床睡觉。考情概览-8-高考感悟考点归纳3.since意为“自从……以来”,其后面所用动词不同,该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同。Itistwoyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他参军两年了。Itistwoyearssincehesmoked.他戒烟两年了。考情概览-9-高考感悟考点归纳4.特殊的时间状语从句的引导词themoment,theminute,theinstant,thesecond;nosooner...than...;hardly...when...等以及表示瞬间的directly,immediately等词,表示“一……就……”,相当于assoonas。nosooner...than...,hardly...when...结构中nosooner和hardly引导的句子通常用过去完成时,而than和when引导的句子通常要用一般过去时;此外,nosooner和hardly位于句首时,句子应用部分倒装语序。TellhimthenewstheminuteyoumeetTom.你一见到汤姆就告诉他这个消息吧。HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.我刚到家就开始下雨了。考情概览-10-高考感悟考点归纳5.bythetime也可以引导时间状语从句,意为“到……时为止”,主句一般用完成时。Bythetimehewasfourteen,Einsteinhadlearnedadvancedmathematicsallbyhimself.(从句为一般过去时,主句要用过去完成时)到十四岁的时候,爱因斯坦已经自学完高等数学了。考情概览-11-高考感悟考点归纳6.几组固定形式(1)Itwillbe+一段时间+before...多久之后才……(2)Itis+一段时间+since...自从……以来已有多长时间了。(3)beabouttodo...when...;bedoing...when...;onthepointofdoing...when...正在/要做……这时……Itwillbetwodaysbeforehereturns.要过两天他才回来。ItisthreeyearssinceIcamehere.我来这里三年了。Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmycousincame.我正在做作业,这时候我表弟来了。Iwasabouttogoout/onthepointofgoingoutwhenthephonerang.我正要出去,这时电话响了。考情概览-12-高考感悟考点归纳考点三结果状语从句常用句型:so+形容词/副词+that从句so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句so+many/much/little/few+名词+that从句such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.他太小了以至于不能上学。Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogooutforawalk.天气这么好,以至于我们都想出去散步。考情概览-13-高考感悟考点归纳考点四原因状语从句1.because为常用词,其语气最重,且说明的是直接原因,用来回答why引导的问句。2.as,since和nowthat语气较弱,常用来表示一些显而易见或对方知道的原因。since译为“既然,鉴于”时不可用as替换。MarkneedstolearnChinesesincehiscompanyisopeningabranchinBeijing.马克有必要学习汉语,因为他的公司正在北京开设分支机构。Asit’sraining,you’dbettertakeataxi.由于在下雨,你最好坐出租车。Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbegin.既然大家都在,那我们就开始吧。考情概览-14-高考感悟考点归纳考点五让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词有:though,although,while,evenif/though,however,nomatterhow,nomatterwhat,nomatterwho等。1.though,although引导让步状语从句时都不能和but连用,但可以同yet(still)连用。Although/Thoughsmall,thecompanyhasabout1,000buyersinover30countries.尽管这个公司很小,但它在30多个国家里有大约1000个购买者。2.while引导让步状语从句时意为“尽管,虽然”,多用于句首。Whiletherewasnoconclusiveevidence,mostpeoplethoughthewasguilty.虽然没有令人信服的证据,但大多数人都认为他有罪。考情概览-15-高考感悟考点归纳3.as/though引导让步从句时,从句要采用倒装语序。Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.他尽管是个孩子,但他知道怎样做是正确的。Youngas/thoughheis,heisexpertinthisfield.他虽然年轻,但在这个领域是专家。4.whether...ornot意为“无论(是否)”。Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.不管你信不信,这是真的。5.however+形容词/副词=nomatterhow+形容词/副词,意为“无论多么……”。Onecanalwaysmanagetodomorethings,nomatterhowfullone’sscheduleisinlife.一个人总是可以设法做更多的事情,不管在生活中时间表安排得有多满。考情概览-16-高考感悟考点归纳考点六条件状语从句条件状语从句通常分为两大类:真实条件句和虚拟条件句。引导条件状语从句的连词有:if,unless/if...not,aslongas/solongas,asfaras/sofaras,provided/providing(that),onconditionthat等。1.条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时;如果条件状语从句中出现过去时及其相应时态,则为虚拟条件句,那么主句要用相应的虚拟语气形式。Ifhehadlistenedcarefully,hewouldhavedoneitbetter.如果他认真听讲的话,他会做得更好些。考情概览-17-高考感悟考点归纳2.unless相当于if...not,在虚拟条件句中可用if...not,但不能用unless。Shesaysthatshe’llhavetoclosetheshopunlessbusinessimproves.她说如果生意不见什么起色的话她就将店关了。Ifshewereno