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专题突破练专题一阅读理解5.篇章结构题(2019·东北三校模拟)A话题：生态旅游难度：★★建议用时：7分AccordingtotheInternationalEcotourismSociety，eco-travelis“responsibletraveltonaturalareasthatprotectstheenvironment，maintainsthewell-beingsandinvolveseducation”.Eco-travelisontherise，asmoreandmorepeoplebecomeconsciousabouttheircarbonfootprint.ExpertfromBoundlessJourneys，MattHolmes，whoworksontravelexperiencestowardsconservingareassaid，“Asscientistsandnon-scientistslearnmoreabouthowwehumanbeingsareimpactingtheplanet，Ithinkmorepeoplewanttodowhattheycanwhilestillexploringtheworld.Ourguestsaredefinitelyinterestedinthataspectofourjourneys.TravelerscanfarmtheirownfoodinItaly，managingtheiruseofwaterandusingsolarorwindpower.Theycanalsovisitafamily-runcampthatcaresforretiredloggingelephantsinMyanmar，knowaparkentryfeegoestoaconservationorganizationinCostaRica，employandtrainmembersofthelocalcommunityorpartnerwithaprotectiongroup.Therearelotsofoptionsforseekingoutgreenerholiday.”Mostpeoplebelievethateco-travelisexpensiveanditistrue.Mattexplained“Anti-poachingpatrols(反猎捕小队)needtobepaid，solarenergyequipmentcostsalottoinstall，buildingwithenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsismoreexpensiveandsoon.Theextracostisnecessary，asyou’repayingtominimizeyourfootprintandprotecttheplacesyouvisit，whichisexactlywhateco-travelisabout.Thefinancialsuccessandsustainability(可持续性)ofaneco-focusedoperationdoesn’tcomefromthinair.”Theindustryistryingtomakeeco-travelaffordableandmakeitaccessibletothecommonpeople.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了生态旅游的意义、影响以及未来的发展方向。解析细节理解题。根据第一段“AccordingtotheInternationalEcotourismSociety，eco-travelis‘responsibletraveltonaturalareasthatprotectstheenvironment，maintainsthewell-beingsandinvolveseducation’.”可知，环保旅游的积极影响是它使旅行者在旅行时保护环境，故选A。1.Whatisthepositiveinfluenceofeco-friendlytravel?A.Itenablestravelerstoprotecttheenvironmentwhiletraveling.B.Itkeepshumanbeingshealthyandhappyinafriendlyatmosphere.C.Itteachesustoberesponsibleforthedevelopmentofeconomy.D.Itofferssomevaluableeducationabouttheknowledgeofgardening.√1232.AccordingtoMattHolmes，travelerswillbeinterestedin.A.eatingdeliciousfoodinItalyB.visitingelephantsinthezooC.workingtogetherwithaprotectiongroupD.raisingparkentryfeeinCostaRica解析细节理解题。根据第二段“Ourguestsaredefinitelyinterestedinthataspectofourjourneys.”以及“employandtrainmembersofthelocalcommunityorpartnerwithaprotectiongroup.”可知据马特·福尔摩斯所说，旅行者将有兴趣与一个保护组织合作，故选C。√123解析篇章结构题。根据最后一段最后一句“Theindustryistryingtomakeeco-travelaffordableandmakeitaccessibletothecommonpeople.”可推断出，接下来会谈论如何降低生态旅游的成本，故选B。3.Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutinthenextparagraphofthepassage?A.Whyeco-travelisexpensive.B.Howwecanmakeeco-travellessexpensive.C.Whatmaterialsareusedineco-travel.D.Wherewecangoforeco-travel.√123(2019·江苏如皋模拟)B话题：彩虹色的作用难度：★★★建议用时：8分Agooddisguisekeepsyouhidden，right?Well，sometimesthebestdisguiseisactuallythemostdazzlingbecauseresearchrevealsthatflashymetalliciridescence(金属彩虹色)canvisuallypuzzlepredators(捕食者)，whichallowscolorfulpreytosurviveanotherday.ThosesurprisingresultsappearinthejournalScientificReports.Shiningiridescentcolor，whichchangesdependingontheanglefromwhichit’sviewed，isfavoredbyeverythingfrombirdstobeetlesandblossomstobutterflies.“Andinourresearchgroupweareofcourseinterestedinwhythisvividmetalliccolorissowidespreadinnature.”KarinKjernsmooftheUniversityofBristoladdsthatinsomecasestheshowysplashesoflightareasexualstrategy.“HereIwouldliketopointoutthatinsomespecies，particularlythosethatdisplaystrongsexualdimorphism(雌雄两性)，suchasbirdsofparadiseorsomebutterfliesorfishes，theoccurrenceofiridescenceismostlikelydrivenbysexualselection.Forexample，inmanyofthesecasesitisthemalesthathavethesevividiridescentcolorsandtheyusetheminmatechoiceortheyusethemasasignaltoattractmates.”Butiridescencealsoshowsupinsituationswherereproductionisnotanissue.“Sowhatwearestudyingnowiswhethernaturalselectionimposedbypredation(捕食行为)couldexplaintheoccurrenceofiridescenceinpreyanimals.”Theideathateye-catchingcolorscouldbeusedasacover-upisn’tanewone.“Thefatherofcamouflagetheory，AbbottThayer，reallybelievedthatiridescenceshouldbecategorizedasacamouflagestrategy.AndhewroteinhisfamouslifeworkConcealing—ColorationintheAnimalKingdom，alreadyin1909，that‘brilliantlychangeableormetalliccolorsareamongthestrongestfactorsinananimal’sconcealment’.Andthissoundslikeacompletelyunreasonablethingtosay，becausehowcancolorsthatarebothbrilliantandchangeablecontributetoanimal’sconcealment？”“Inasimilarway，wewereaskingwhetheriridescence，duetoitschangeability，couldworkasaformofcamouflagebypreventingshaperecognition.”Kjernsmoandhercolleaguestrainedbumblebeestoassociateaparticularshape—acircleoranoval—withasugarreward.Andtheyfoundthatthebees，whengivenachoice，wouldpreferentiallyvisittheshapetheyknewtobesweet.Butwhentheshapeswereiridescent，thebeeshadtroubletellingthemapart.“Itseemedthatthestrikinglyiridescentsurfacesonourtargetsvisuallybrokeuptheotherwiserecognizableshapeofthetargets，whichmadethemhardtodistinguish.”Asformakinguseofthismethodforhidinginplainsight，“Anypracticalapplicationsisofcoursedirectlylinkedtoanyindustrythathasaninterestincamouflage，