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SectionⅡ—LearningaboutLanguage自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现一二三一、请找出下列句子的主语,并归纳什么可以做句子的主语1.Weseehimeverydayinoureverydaylife.2.Toseeistobelieve.3.Raisingcowsisherjob.4.Whathewantsissomemilk.5.ItisimportanttolearnEnglish.答案:We答案:Tosee答案:Raisingcows答案:Whathewants答案:tolearnEnglish自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现一二三6.Thenewsisexciting.7.Itisnecessarythatwegotohelphim.8.WiththehelpofXiaoWang,theyfinishedtheworkontime.归纳:可以充当句子主语的有:答案:Thenews答案:thatwegotohelphim答案:they答案:代词、动词不定式、动词-ing(短语)、句子和名词自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现一二三二、读下列英语谚语,找出其中含有主语从句的句子1.Whatislearnedinthecradleiscarriedtothegrave.2.Abadbeginningmakesabadending.3.Childrenarewhatthemothersare.4.What’sdonecannotbeundone.5.What’slostislost.6.Moneyspentonthebrainisneverspentinvain.答案:1,4,5自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现一二三三、欣赏下列幽默故事,画出其中的主语从句A:Whatyouneednowisadoctor.Youmustseeadoctorbeforedark.B:Well,whetherheiscomingornotisaproblem.A:Whydoyouthinkso?B:“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.”AndI’veeaten13applestoday.A:Really?ButitissaidthatDoctorSmithisnotafraidofapples,whichhelikesverymuch.So,don’tworryaboutwhetherheiscoming.自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现一二三答案:A:Whatyouneednowisadoctor.Youmustseeadoctorbeforedark.B:Well,whetherheiscomingornotisaproblem.A:Whydoyouthinkso?B:“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.”AndI’veeaten13applestoday.A:Really?ButitissaidthatDoctorSmithisnotafraidofapples,whichhelikesverymuch.So,don’tworryaboutwhetherheiscoming.自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现121.Asaresultofthisevent,agreatdustcloudformedintheskyblockingoutthesunlight.正因为这一事件,天空中形成了一团巨大的尘云,挡住了阳光。剖析动词-ing短语blockingoutthesunlight在句子中做结果状语。Theyworkeddayandnight,finishingtheworkaheadoftime.他们日夜工作,结果提前完成了工作。考点blockout挡住,遮住(光线和声音);忘掉,抹去(不愉快的事)Thevolcanicashblockedoutthesun.火山灰挡住了太阳。Anuglybuildingblockedouttheviewfromthewindow.一座难看的大楼遮住了窗外的风景。Itrytoblockouttheunpleasantexperience.我尽力去忘记那段不愉快的经历。自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现12阅读下列句子,体会黑体部分的含义Themainstreetwasblockedoffbecauseoftheaccident.因为交通事故,这条主干道被封锁了。归纳:blockoff封锁,封闭Thetrafficisveryheavyandhasbeguntoblockupthestreets.交通量很大,已经开始把街道阻塞了。Mynoseisblockedupwiththecold.由于感冒,我的鼻子不通气。归纳:blockup阻塞,塞住,封住(孔、洞)【高考典句】(2016·北京高考)Atonepoint,hugepilesofsnowblockedhisway.在一个地方,雪堆堵住了他的去路。归纳blockone’sway挡住某人的路自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现12活学活用语法填空1)MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,(make)itmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.2)Theyworkedhardeveryday,(succeed)atlast.选词填空:blockout,blockup,blockone’sway,blockoff3)Youcan’tleavethevillage.Allthestreetsare.4)Apieceofrockhadfallenand.Wehadtostop.5)Overtheyearsshehadtriedtothatpartofherlife.6)Thispipe(管子)is.Thereisapieceofwoodinit.makingsucceedingblockedoffblockedourwayblockoutblockedup自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现122.Grammar:主语从句考点一英语中的主语从句(thesubjectclause)在句中做主语,有以下两种结构:1)主语从句位于句首。如:Whathewantedtoseewasanendtoallthewarsoftheworld.他想要看到的是世界上所有战争的结束。2)主语从句位于句尾,使用it做形式主语。如:Itwasrightthatthetemplewasrebuilt.庙被改建了,这很好。在下列情况下,一般使用形式主语it,而将真正的主语从句放在后面:自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现12①谓语部分含有seem,appear,be(im)possible,beapity,beawonder,belikely等。如:Itappearedtoscientistsontheearththatthestarshadmoved.在地球上的科学家看来,这些星球已经移动了。It’sawonderthatyourecognizedme.你能认出我来,真是奇怪。②在Itisknown...;Itissaid...;Itishoped...;Itisbelieved...等惯用的被动结构中。如:Itisbelievedthatbeforewritingwasdeveloped,peopleusedtokeeprecordsbyputtinganumberofstonestogether.人们认为在文字发明之前,人们靠把许多石头聚集在一起来做记录。自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现12考点二主语从句的连接词可以分为以下三类:1)that,whether/if连接词that本身没有意义,不做句子成分,只表示从句的开始,位于句首时,that不能省略;whether/if含有“是否”的意思,whether可以加上ornot,其语意不变。whether和if也有不同的用法,如果主语从句位于句首则必须用连接词whether,不用if。如:Whetherwe’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.明天我们是否去野营取决于天气情况。2)what,who,which,whose,when,where,why,how这一类连接词,除了可以引导主语从句之外,在从句中又分别起代词、副词或形容词的作用,在从句中可做主语、宾语、表语、状语和定语等。what,who,which,whose等又称为连接代词;when,where,why,how等又称为连接副词。试比较:自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现12Whowilldoitdoesn’tmatter.(连接代词who在从句中做主语)谁要做这件事没关系。Whatweneedismorewater.(连接代词what在从句中做need的宾语)我们所需要的是更多的水。Whichofthetwoisbetterremainstobeseen.(连接代词which在从句中做主语)这两者中哪个更好尚待分晓。Whenwewillstarttheworkisimportant.(连接副词when在从句中做时间状语)我们什么时候开始工作很重要。Wherethelibraryistobebuilthasnotbeendecidedyet.(连接副词where在从句中做地点状语)图书馆要建在哪里还未决定。自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现12Whyshewaslateforschoolisquiteclearnow.(连接副词why在从句中做原因状语)她上学迟到的原因现在看来很清楚。Whichplanisbetterwillbeannouncedlater.(which在从句中做名词plan的定语)哪个计划更好稍后会宣布。3)whatever,whoever,whomever,whicheverwhatever等连接词与what等连接代词的用法一样,只是具有较强的语意,有“凡是,不管,无论……”等意思。如:Whateverhesaidwasn’ttrue.他说的任何事情都不是真的。WhoeverguesseswhatIhaveinmyhandmayhaveit.不管谁猜对了我手里拿的是什么,这东西就给他/她。Whicheverbookyouchooseisyours.无论你选中哪本书,都归你。自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现12活学活用判断下列句子中从句的类型(1)Hasitbeendecidedwheretheplayerswillperformtheexperiment?主语从句(2)Idon’tbelievetheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet.宾语从句(3)Whetherhewillcomeisstilluncertain.主语从句(4)Theproblemishowwecangetthemoney.表语从句(5)ItiscertainthatJimwilldowellinthefinalexam.主语从句自主预习·新课堂自主预习·新发现12用适当的连接词完成句子(6)ExactlythepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.(7)thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.(8)hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.(9)Itisimportantheshouldknowaboutthis.(10)theywouldsupportuswasaproblem.(11)Mikedidn’tturnupatthemeetingyesterdayisunknown.(12)ItisreportedChinahassentanotherman-madesatell