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-1-SectionⅢ—Grammar课前篇自主预习一二一、阅读下列句子,指出句子中从句的类型1.Weallthink(that)sheisworkingveryhardandthatshewillsurelygotoaverygooduniversity.从句类型:2.That’swherethebattletookplace.从句类型:3.Idon’tdoubtthathewillbeagainsttheidea.从句类型:4.Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.从句类型:5.Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)climballthewaytothetopofthehill.从句类型:宾语从句表语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句课前篇自主预习一二二、选词填空:that,whether,when,which,whose1.Thequestionisthatmanwillturnupintime.2.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewashemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.3.—Idon’tknowbrotherisadoctor.—IhearthatTom’sbrotherisadoctor.4.CanyoutellmemanisJack’suncle?5.HewantstoknowthetrainisleavingforShanghai.whetherthatwhosewhichwhen课前篇自主预习名词性从句(Ⅰ)——宾语从句、表语从句课前篇自主预习Grammar:宾语从句和表语从句一、宾语从句(一)宾语从句的引导词引导宾语从句的连接词主要有连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,连接副词when,where,how,why以及连词that,whether,if等。阅读下列句子,指出句子中的宾语从句。Makesure(that)allthelightsareturnedoffbeforeyouleave.宾语从句:答案:(that)allthelightsareturnedoffbeforeyouleaveTheywaitedtoseewhattherestoftheclasswoulddo.宾语从句:答案:whattherestoftheclasswoulddo(2018·天津高考)Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedtowhoeverwinsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.宾语从句:答案:whoeverwinsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace课前篇自主预习注意:动词find,consider,think,feel,believe,make等后有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,代替宾语从句原来的位置,而将真正的宾语从句后置。有些动词(短语),如enjoy,love,like,hate,appreciate,take,hide,insiston,dependon,relyon等引导宾语从句时,习惯上直接在从句前加形式宾语it。课前篇自主预习(二)宾语从句考点1.wonder,doubt,besure/certain等后的宾语从句的连接词。(1)wonder意为“对……感到惊奇”时,其后宾语从句的连接词用that。当wonder意为“想知道,不知道”时,其后的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句或一般疑问句,要用what,who,whose,which,when,where,why,how,whether/if等连接宾语从句;wonder用在否定句中应该用that来引导宾语从句。课前篇自主预习根据汉语意思填空Doyouwondernobodycame?没人来,你感到奇怪吗?答案:thatIwonderedhehadbeensoangry.我想知道他为什么那么生气。答案:whyWewonderhewillcometoourpartytonight.我们不知道今晚他是否会来参加我们的晚会。答案:whether/ifIdon’twonderyou’retired.Youhavehadabusyday.你累了,这我一点儿不奇怪。你已经忙了一整天了。答案:that课前篇自主预习(2)doubt用于否定句或疑问句时,用that引导宾语从句;用于肯定句时,用whether/if引导宾语从句。单句填空Idon’tdoubtthebandwillbecomemoreandmorepopular.答案:thatIdoubthewillbefitforthenewjob.答案:whether/if课前篇自主预习(3)besure/certain用于肯定句或疑问句时,其后用that引导宾语从句;当besure/certain用于否定句时,其后用whether/if,what,who,whose,where,when,how等引导宾语从句。根据汉语意思填空(2018·全国Ⅲ高考)I’mnotsureismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.我不确定谁更害怕,我,还是不知道从哪里突然冒出来的雌性大猩猩。答案:whoAreyousure/certainthisplanispracticable?你能确保这份计划是可行的吗?答案:thatHeisn’tsure/certainhecangettheticketsforthemusicconcert.他不能肯定是否会弄到音乐会的票。答案:whether/if课前篇自主预习2.宾语从句的语序:使用陈述语序。单句改错Idon’tcarewhowillyouaskforhelp.答案:willyou→youwillDoyouknowwherehavetheygone?答案:havethey→theyhave3.宾语从句的时态:宾语从句的时态必须与主句相呼应。(1)如果主句是现在时态,那么从句时态不受主句时态的影响,可以根据需要使用任何时态。(2)如果主句是过去时态,那么从句时态一般为表示过去的某种时态。(3)如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,不管主句用哪种时态,从句都用一般现在时。课前篇自主预习单句填空Hesaysthathe(invite)toattendthe100thanniversaryofQinghuaUniversity.他说他已被邀请参加清华大学100周年校庆。答案:hasbeeninvitedHesaidthathe(meet)thehostessandhadaphototakenwithher.他说他见过那位女主持人并同她一起合过影。答案:hadmetOurEnglishteachertoldusthatagoodbeginning(be)halfdoneduringclass.我们的英语老师在课上告诉我们良好的开端是成功的一半。答案:is课前篇自主预习4.宾语从句中的否定转移。在think,believe,suppose,imagine等动词引起的否定性宾语从句里,如果主语是第一人称,往往需要把从句中的否定词转移到主句中去,这种现象叫否定转移。翻译句子我认为你不适合这项工作。翻译答案:Idon’tthinkyouarefitforthejob.注意:在发生否定转移的句子中,主句的主语是第一人称时,其反意疑问句的人称及助动词要与从句的人称和动词相对应。完成下列反意疑问句Idon’tthinkyouareright,?答案:areyouTheydon’tthinkyouareright,?答案:dothey课前篇自主预习5.关于that的省略。当宾语从句是陈述句时,由that引导,这时that在宾语从句中无意义,不充当任何成分,常省略。但在以下几种情况下,that一般不可以省略。(1)在in,except,but等后引导宾语从句时,that不可省略。单句填空Yourcompositioniswellwrittenexceptthereareafewspellingmistakes.你的作文除了几处拼写错误之外写得很好。答案:that课前篇自主预习(2)并列连词and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,只有第一个that可以省略,而后面的that不能省略。翻译句子Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingandthatothersaregoodinnothing.翻译答案:我们绝不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。(3)主句谓语动词与that之间有插入成分时,that不可省略。单句填空Heannounced,believeitornot,hewouldneverforgiveher.他宣布——信不信由你——他决不会原谅她。答案:that课前篇自主预习(4)宾语从句有其他连词时,that不能省略。翻译句子Hetoldmethatifitwasnecessarytheywouldworkallnight.翻译答案:他告诉我,如果必要的话,他们就通宵工作。(5)有it作形式宾语时,宾语补足语之后由that引导的宾语从句不可省略that。单句填空Wethinkhighlyprobablethatheisdead.我们认为他很有可能死了。答案:it课前篇自主预习(6)that引导的宾语从句中,that之后紧接着有作主语或作定语的this/that时,that不可省略。翻译句子Hethoughtthatthatwouldbeagoodchanceforhimtogotovisittheworldfamousscientist.翻译答案:他认为对于他来说那可能是一个探访世界著名科学家的好机会。课前篇自主预习6.某些表示“要求,命令,建议”的动词,如insist,demand,suggest,order,require,request等后,宾语从句用虚拟语气时,其结构为“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。翻译句子Theexpertssuggestedthatthenuclearpowerstation(should)becloseddown.翻译答案:专家建议关闭那座核电站。课前篇自主预习7.用whether而不用if引导的宾语从句的情况。(1)引导介词的宾语从句时。单句填空Alldependsonitwillbefinetomorrow.答案:whether(2)引导的宾语从句后有ornot时。单句填空Wedon’tknowhewillcometoourweddingornot.答案:whether课前篇自主预习二、表语从句(一)表语从句的辨别表语从句位于主句中的连系动词之后。常用连系动词有:be,seem,appear,look,feel,smell,sound,taste等。引导表语从句的连接词主要有:连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why及连词that,whether,asif,because等。课前篇自主预习阅读下列句子,指出句子中的表语从句。Oneofhisfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremorelikelytomakethelistthannon-sciencearticles.表语从句:答案:thatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremorelikelytomakethelistthannon-sciencearticles(2018·北京高考)Withouthissupport,wewouldn’tbewherewearenow.表语从句:答案:wherewearenowOurdoubtiswhetherheistellingusthetruth.表语从句:答案:whetherh