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SectionⅡ—LearningaboutLanguage一二三四五一、学习下面的生词并选择合适的词完成句子1.Iyoutostartatonce.2.Thatphrasehascomeinto.3.MrPainemadeathatIshouldhelphim.4.ShehasagoodofspokenEnglish.5.ThisisabookonmodernEnglish.usage使用;用法;词语惯用法command命令;指令;掌握request请求;要求command/requestusagerequestcommandusage一二三四五二、将下面的句子按要求分类1.“Hurryup,”theofficersaidtothesoldiers.2.“Pleasedon’tbelate,”hesaid.3.“Couldyougivemealift?”askedthestranger.4.Hesaid,“Sitdown,please.”5.Shesaidtothem,“Don’tgoout.”6.Hesaid,“Whydon’tyoutakearestfirst?”表示要求和命令的句子:表示请求的句子:1,52,3,4,6一二三四五三、观察下列各组句子并指出其中的变化例:a.JacksaidtoTom,“Pleaseopenthedoor.”b.JackaskedTomtoopenthedoor.(saidtoTom→askedTom;Pleaseopen→toopen)1.a.Theteachersaidtome,“Pleasepassmethebook.”b.Theteacheraskedmetopasshimthebook.2.a.Marysaid,“Don’tturnontheradio.”b.Marytoldmenottoturnontheradio.答案:saidtome→askedme;Pleasepassme→topasshim答案:said→toldme;Don’t→notto一二三四五3.a.Theworkersaid,“Wouldyoupleasehelpmewithmywork?”b.Theworkeraskedmetohelphimwithhiswork.4.a.Shesaid,“Whydon’tyoutakearest?”b.Sheadvisedmetotakearest.答案:said→askedme;去掉Wouldyouplease;helpme→tohelphim;my→his;问号改为句号答案:said→advisedme;去掉Whydon’tyou;takearest→totakearest;问号改为句号一二三四五四、欣赏下列小幽默,找出短文中含有祈使意义的间接引语Tommyhatedschoolandwasalwayslookingforexcusesnottogo.Ifhesneezed(打喷嚏),heaskedhismothertowriteanotesayinghehadacold.Ifhehadaheadache,heaskedhismothertotakehimtothedoctorduringschoolhours.Hespentmoretimeathomethanhedidatschool.Onemorninghecamehomewhenthelessonswereonlyhalffinished.Hisfatherwassurprised.“You’vecomehomeearly,”hesaid.“Istheschoolclosedtoday?”“No,Dad,”Tommysaid.“It’sopen.Icamehomeearly.”“Howdidyoudothat?”hisfatheraskedhim.“Whatdidyousaytotheteacher?”一二三四五“ItoldherthatIhadanewbabybrotherandthatIhadtocomehomeandhelpyou.Soshetoldmetohelpyou.”“Butyourmotherhashadtwins,”hisfathersaid,“aboyandagirl.You’vegotababybrotherandababysister.”“Yes,Iknow,Dad,”Tommysaid.“I’msavingupmybabysisterfornextweek.”1.2.3.Ifhesneezed,heaskedhismothertowriteanotesayinghehadacold.Ifhehadaheadache,heaskedhismothertotakehimtothedoctorduringschoolhours.Soshetoldmetohelpyou.一二三四五五、根据汉语翻译下列句子(注意含祈使意义的间接引语的运用)1.他要我们向志愿者学习。(tell)Hevolunteers.2.汤姆让我们为人们跳舞。(ask)Tomforthepeople.3.妈妈让我帮她做家务。(ask)Motherwiththehousework.toldustolearnfromaskedustodanceaskedmetohelpher一二三四五4.老师让学生们回答问题。(tell)Theteacher.5.我父亲让我每天早上跑步。(tell)Myfathereverymorning.toldthestudentstoanswerquestionstoldmetorun1231.InEnglishyouuseacommandorarequestwhenyouwantsomeonetodosomething.在英语中,当你想让别人做什么事时,可以使用命令或请求。考点一commandn.&vt.命令;指令;掌握Besides,IhavesuchagoodcommandofEnglishthatIamelectedasassistanttomyEnglishteacher.另外,我很精通英语以至于我被选为英语老师的助手。Thegeneralcommandedhismentoattackthecity.将军命令部下攻城。Hecommandedthatthesoldiers(should)havearest.他命令战士们休息一会儿。123归纳:1)haveagoodcommandof精通……2)commandsbtodosth命令某人做某事3)command作“命令”讲,可以接宾语从句,从句中的谓语动词通常用虚拟语气,即commandthatsb(should)dosth。123考点二requestn.&vt.请求;要求Itismylastrequest.Ishallneveraskyouanythingagain.这是我最后的请求,我再也不会向你提任何要求了。【高考典句】(2018·天津高考)Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumuponherdeath.她要求社区在她死后把它(她的家)改成一个博物馆。Theworkersrequestedthatthemanager(should)considertheirsuggestion.工人们请求经理考虑他们的建议。Yourpresenceisrequestedatthemeeting.请您务必出席会议。Theyrequestedustorereadthenotice.他们要求我们再读一遍通知。123归纳(1)request做动词时,其后可以接复合宾语,即:requestsbtodosth。(2)request可以接宾语从句,从句中的谓语动词通常用虚拟语气,即requestthatsb(should)dosth。123活学活用完成句子1)她精通英语口语。ShespokenEnglish.2)这位将军使用他的权力,命令其部下立即开火。Thegeneralusedhispower,andhismenatonce.3)我们的英语老师要求明天早上交上作业。OurEnglishteacherrequestedthatthehomeworkthenextmorning.hasagoodcommandofcommandedtofireshouldbehandedin123语法填空4)Histeacherrequestedhim(come)before6:30.5)Theofficercommandedthatallthegates(shut).tocomeshouldbeshut1232.Thesecretarysaidtothewomanonthephone:“Couldyouholdonforaminute?”秘书在电话里对那位女士说:“您稍等一会好吗?”剖析Couldyouholdonforaminute?是一个表示请求的句子。考点holdon等一会;别挂断—MayIspeaktoMrWhite?我可以和怀特先生通电话吗?—Holdon,please.请稍候。123阅读下面的句子,体会黑体词的含义①Howlongdoyouthinkwecanholdon?你认为我们能坚持多长时间?含义:坚持②Holdontomyhandtightlywhenwecrossthestreet.当我们过马路时,你要抓牢我的手。含义:抓紧,抓牢123活学活用用holdon的适当形式填空1)foramomentandIwillhelpyou.2)—IsPeterthere?—,please.I’llseeifIcanfindhimforyou.3)Thechildtohermother;hedidn’twanthertogo.HoldonHoldonheldon1233.Grammar:直接引语和间接引语:祈使句考点一直接引语为祈使句时如何变为间接引语直接引语为祈使句,变间接引语时不用连词,而是将直接引语改为动词不定式,用作句子的宾语补足语。谓语动词常换成ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等,如asksbtodosth(由肯定祈使句转变),asksbnottodosth(由否定祈使句转变)。在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态等都应做相应变化。①Hesaidtous,“Beseated,please.”他对我们说:“请坐。”→Heaskedustobeseated.他让我们坐下。②“Nevercomehereagain!”theofficersaidtothevillagers.警官对村民们说:“再也不要到这儿来了!”→Theofficerorderedthevillagersnever/nottogothereagain.警官命令村民们再也不要到那儿去了。123考点二直接引语为祈使句时变间接引语的注意事项(1)有些含有“建议”“劝告”的祈使句,要用suggest,insist,offer等动词转述。如:①Hesaid,“Let’shavearest.”他说:“让我们休息一下吧。”→Hesuggestedour/ushavingarest.他建议我们休息一下。②Hesaid,“Letmehelpyou.”他说:“让我来帮助你。”→Heofferedtohelpme.他说要帮助我。123(2)当直接引语形式上是疑问句,在意义上却表示请求、建议时,可用asksbtodosth或suggestdoingsth/advisesbtodosth等形式转述。如:③“Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?”heasked.“你介意把门打开吗?”他问。→Heaskedmetoopenthedoor.他要求我打开门。④“Whynotgooutforawalk?”heaskedus.“为什么不出去散步呢?”他问我们。→Headvisedustogooutforawalk./He