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CloningModule5PART1语法导学PART2达标检测PeriodFourGrammar—Subjunctive(1)PART1语法导学感悟规律重点难点剖析感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题◆语法感知1.IwishIwerenothere.2.IwishIcoulddisappear!3.IwishIhadnotcreatedthiscreature.4.Ifthathappened，itwouldbeterrible.5.Ifwewereabletodothat，itwouldbewonderful.6.IfIdidn’tbelievethat，Iwouldbeinadifferentjob.7.Iftheyhadreachedthebeach，theywouldprobablyhavebeenkilled.8.Iftheyhadn’tbeenontheboats，theywouldhavesurvived.1.由句1,2,3可知，wish后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。用_____________表示与现在相反的情况(be动词用)；用表示与过去相反的情况。2.句4,5,6中，从句都是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，时态用，主句则用了。3.句7,8中，从句都是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，时态用，主句则用了。查看答案过去时一般were过去完成时一般过去时would＋动词原形过去完成时wouldhave(been)done语气(mood)是一种动词形式，表示说话人的意图或态度。英语中有陈述语气、疑问语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观愿望、假想或建议。一、非真实条件句的三种情况：◆语法精析用法if引导的非真实条件句中的谓语动词形式主句中谓语动词形式表示与现在事实相反的假设动词过去式(be动词一般用were)would/should/might/could＋动词原形表示与过去事实相反的假设had＋动词的过去分词形式would/should/might/couldhave＋动词的过去分词形式表示与将来事实相反的假设(1)动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)(2)should＋动词原形(3)wereto＋动词原形would/should/might/could＋动词原形Ifhewereherenow，wewouldhavethemeeting.如果他现在在这儿，我们就开会。(与现在事实相反)Hewouldhavepassedthedrivingtestifhehadtakenyouradvice.他如果采纳了你的建议，就会通过驾驶考试的。(与过去事实相反)Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow，theywouldnotgooutforapicnic.如果明天下雨的话，他们就不去野餐了。(与将来事实相反)二、在动词wish后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气，表示不可能实现的愿望。宾语从句中的谓语动词有以下三种形式：用法宾语从句中谓语动词的形式表示目前不可能实现的愿望动词过去式(be动词一般用were)表示过去不可能实现的愿望had＋动词的过去分词形式表示将来不可能实现的愿望would/could＋动词原形IwishIwerenotsobusynow.我希望我现在不那么忙碌。Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishIhadnotgonetoit.那次画展把我烦死了，真希望我没有去。IwishIwouldgotothemoononeday.我希望有一天我将去月球。三、错综时间条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做错综时间条件句。主句和从句谓语动词的形式要根据各自所表示的时间作出相应的调整。Ifyouhadn’twatchedTVyesterday，youwouldn’tbesosleepynow.如果你昨天不看电视，你现在也就不会这么困了。(if条件句是对过去的虚拟，故用过去完成时，而主句是对现在的虚拟，故用woulddo形式)Ifyouhesitatedthismoment，youmightsufferinthefuture.如果你此刻犹豫不决，你将来会吃苦头的。(if条件句是对现在的虚拟，故用一般过去时，而主句是对将来的虚拟，故用mightdo形式)四、含蓄条件句含蓄虚拟条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类含蓄虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的有butfor(要不是……的话)，butthat(要不是)，without(如果没有)，supposing(假设)，provided(倘若)，sothat/inorderthat(为了)，ifonly(要是……就好了)，otherwise/orelse(要不然)。Butforyou，Icouldnotrecoversosoon.要不是有你，我不会恢复得这么快。Withoutair(＝Iftherewerenoair)，therewouldbenolivingthings.没有空气，便没有生物。Iwasillthatday.Otherwise，Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.那天我病了。要不然的话，我会参加运动会的。特别提醒虚拟条件句中有had，should，were时，可以将if去掉，然后把had，should，were提到主语前面，形成部分倒装。Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage，andIwishI(have)asecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved.(2018·江苏)2.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey(drive)afewmorekilometres.(2018·北京)3.Ifwe(catch)theflightyesterday，we(be)enjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow.(2018·天津)4.—DoyouhaveBetty’sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise，I_____________________(not，be)abletoreachheryesterday.(2017·天津)◆高考链接查看答案hadhaddrivenhadcaughtwouldbewouldn’thavebeen5.Ifthenewsafetysystem(put)touse，theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.(2017·北京)6._____(be)itnotforthesupportoftheteachers，thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.(2017·江苏)7.Whydidn’tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyou(tell)me，Icouldhavehelped.(2016·北京)8.Ifit(not，be)forhisinvitationtheotherday，Ishouldnotbeherenow.(2016·江苏)查看答案hadbeenputWerehadtoldhadnotbeen9.Hadthegovernmentsandscientistsnotworkedtogether，AIDS-relateddeaths(not，fall)sincetheirhighestin2005.(2016·浙江)10.IwishI(be)atmysister’sweddinglastTuesday，butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.(2015·天津)Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Ifyouareme，wouldyoutalktothem？(2015·四川，短文改错)2.Wewouldbegratefulwhenyoucouldjoinusthatday.(2008·宁夏，短文改错)wouldnothavefallenhadbeen查看答案wereifPART2达标检测当堂检测基础达标演练1.IwishI(be)abirdandcouldflyfreelyinthesky.2.IwishI(meet)thefilmstaryesterday.3.Ifit____________________________(rain)tomorrow，IwouldnotgotoBeijing.4.IfI(live)nearmyworkplace，Iwouldwalktoworkeveryday.5.Ifheweretofindajobatonce，he(support)himself.6.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe___________(drive)inturn，youwouldn’thavegotsotired.7.Iwascaughtinatrafficjamforoveranhour，otherwise，I______________(not，keep)youwaitingforsuchalongtime.Ⅰ.单句语法填空查看答案werehadmetrained/shouldrain/weretorainlivedcouldsupporthaddrivenwould/couldnothavekept8.IfIwereyou，Iwouldapologisetohim.→，Iwouldapologisetohim.9.IfIshouldgoabroad，IwouldgotoAmerica.→，IwouldgotoAmerica.10.Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp，wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.(1)，wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.(2)yourhelp，wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.(3)______，wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.Ⅱ.句型转换WereIyouShouldIgoabroadWithoutyourhelpButforHaditnotbeenforyourhelp查看答案