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美国文学EmilyElizabethDickinson（December10,1830–May15,1886）壹零肆班：鲍琴刘平陈开伟EmilyElizabethDickinsonEmilyElizabethDickinsonwasanAmericanpoet.BorninAmherst,Massachusetts,toasuccessfulfamilywithstrongcommunityties,shelivedamostlyintrovertedandreclusivelife.AftershestudiedattheAmherstAcademyforsevenyearsinheryouth,shespentashorttimeatMountHolyokeFemaleSeminarybeforereturningtoherfamily'shouseinAmherst.Thoughtofasaneccentricbythelocals,shebecameknownforherpenchantforwhiteclothingandherreluctancetogreetguestsor,laterinlife,evenleaveherroom.Mostofherfriendshipswerethereforecarriedoutbycorrespondence.家庭背景•TheDickinsonfamilywasprominentinAmherst.Infact,Emily'sgrandfather,SamuelFowlerDickinson,wasoneofthefoundersofAmherstCollege,andherfatherservedaslawyerandtreasurerfortheinstitution.Emily'sfatheralsoservedinpowerfulpositionsontheGeneralCourtofMassachusetts,theMassachusettsStateSenate,andtheUnitedStatesHouseofRepresentatives.Unlikeherfather,EmilydidnotenjoythepopularityandexcitementofpubliclifeinAmherst,andshebegantowithdraw.Emilydidnotfitinwithherfather'sreligioninAmherst,andherfatherbegantocensorthebooksshereadbecauseoftheirpotentialtodrawherawayfromthefaith.IneversawaMoor—我从未看过荒原--Beclouded云暗IamNobody!Whoareyou?我是无名之辈!你是谁?“Faith”isafineinvention“信念”是个微妙的发明Overthefence篱笆那边EscapeHope逃亡希望IDiedForBeauty我为美而死Theheartaskspleasurefirst心先要求愉快TalesoftheGrotesqueandArabesque怪诞奇异故事集TheFalloftheHouseofUsher厄舍古屋的倒塌Dickinson’spoemsaredividedintothreestagesThefirstperiod(before1861):Dickinson’sstyleistraditional,heremotionexpressednaturally.Thesecondperiod(1861-1865):Thisstageisthemostcreativeperiod.Morepassiveandvitalityandcontainedinherworks.Shecreated767poemsinthisstage.Herthemesareaboutlieanddeath.Thethirdperiod(after1866):2/3ofherpoemsarewrittenbeforethisyear.ThethemesinDickinson’spoems•1.religion•2.deathandimmortality•3.love•4.naturesuccessiscountedsweetestBythosewhoneversucceed.TocomprehendanectarRequiressorestneed.NotoneofallthepurplehostWhotooktheflagto-dayCantellthedefinition,Soclear,ofvictory!Ashe,defeated,dying,OnwhoseforbiddenearThedistantstrainsoftriumphBurstagonizedandclear!从未成功的人们最懂得成功的甜美.惟有极度的渴求方能体会甘露的滋味。身穿紫服的王者之师今日虽高扬凯旗却无一人能把胜利的含义，说清道明。战败者奄奄一息，凯乐在远处奏响，冲破阻隔，飞到他的耳际，悲痛而嘹亮。count:认为nectar:玉露琼浆sorest：极度地Thisstanzaestablishesthetheme:thatthepersonwhobestunderstandsthemeaningofsuccessisthepersonwhofails.Thisquatrain（四行诗）canstandaloneasacompletedobservation.Inthispoem,EmilyDickinsonwritesabouthowpeoplewholivetheirlifewithoutachievementlongtosucceedinsomemanner.Shemakesnoteofhowpeoplewithsuccessoftendon'tappreciatewhattheyareabletoaccomplishinlinesoneandtwo:Successiscountedsweetestbythosewhone'ersucceed.Dickinsonthenfocusesherattentiononthefieldofbattlewherepeoplefoughtovertrivialgoals.Bytakingoverlandandplacingtheirflaghigh,theybecameproudoftheiraccomplishmentseventhoughtheyhadacquiredonlyland.Inthefinalquatrain,Dickinsonswitchesrolesandspeaksonbehalfofthedyingman,whohearsthevictoriouscelebrate.TheEndThanksforyourattention