储层流体物性参数的确定及应用

1、多级脱气确定的物性参数2、闪蒸脱气确定的物性参数3、微分脱气确定的物性参数4、地层油的密度5、地层油的粘度第一章储层流体物性参数的确定及应用第一节储层流体的黑油模型与组分模型的区别；第二节以黑油模型为基础的流体物性参数的确定1、黑油模型2、黑油模型与组分模型3、油气分离方式第三节储层流体按组分模型处理时物性参数的确定及应用1、储层流体密度的确定2、凝析气藏体积系数、地下流体组成、储量等参数的确定第一节储层流体的黑油模型与组分模型的区别；Inordertopredictreservoirandwellfluidbehaviour,twoapproachesthatarecommonlyusedarethemulticomponentcompositionalmodelandthetwocomponentblackoilmodel.Thelattersimplisticapproachhasbeenusedformanyyearstodescribethecompositionandbehaviourofreservoirfluids.Itiscalledthe“BlackOilModel”.TheblackoilmodelTheblackoilmodelconsidersthefluidbeingmadeupoftwocomponents–gasdissolvedinoilandstocktankoil.11、、TheblackoilmodelTheblackoilmodelThecompositionalchangesinthegaswhenchangingpressureandtemperatureareignored.Tothoseappreciatingthermodynamicsthissimplistictwocomponentmodelisdifficulttocopewith.Figure1BlackOilModelGasSolubilityandFormationVolumeFactorsareassociatedwiththeblackoilmodel.Belowgivesasummarycomparisonofthetwoapproaches.BlackOilModels•2components-solutiongasandstocktankoil•Bo,Rs,etc.•Empiricalcorrelations(经验公式)CompositionalModels•Ncomponentsbasedonparaffinseries•Equationofstatebasedcalculations22、、ComparisonofComparisonofTwoTwoModelsModels3.Gas-oilSeparation（油气分离）ThemainpurposeofseparationistogetPVTdata.themainapplicationsofthePVTdata:•toprovidedataforreservoircalculations,•toprovidephysicalpropertydataforwellflowcalculations•forsurfacefacilitydesign.Themannerofseparation（油气分离方式）：(i)theflashvaporisationorrelativevolumetests—闪蒸脱气、接触分离(ii)thedifferentialtest--微分分离.(iii)theseparatortests--多级分离.(1)FlashVaporization(RelativeVolumeTest)FlashVapourisation.Thepressureonaliquidisreducedsuddenly,causingaflashseparationofgasfromoilandanequilibriumbetweenoilandgasisestablishedimmediately.3.Gas-oilSeparation（1）ThePVTcellisfilledwithacertainquantityofreservoirliquidatapressureabovetheestimatedbubblepointandroomtemperature.AfterthePVTcellhasbeenfilled(about90ml),itisimmersedinatemperaturebathandheatedtoreservoirtemperature(p=constant).Thermalexpansion:Thestepsofflashvaporizationtest:3.Gas-oilSeparationEquipmentfortheStudyofSubsurfaceSamples3.Gas-oilSeparationByplottingthevolumeofthesystemversuspressureabreakisobtainedintheslope.ThisoccursattheBubblePointpressure.（2）ReducethepressureandcalculatetheP~VrelationshipAtreservoirtemperature3.Gas-oilSeparation(2)DifferentialVaporisationAteachstepbelowthebubblepoint，theliberatedgasisremovedfromthecellstepwise(逐步地).Ateachstepbelowthebubblepointthequantityofgas,oilvolumearedetermined.TheobjectivesofthedifferentialtestaretogeneratePVTdataforconditionsbelowthebubblepoint.3.Gas-oilSeparation(3)SeparatorTestsTheobjectofthesetestsaretoexaminetheinfluenceofseparatorpressureandtemperatureonformationvolumefactor,gas/oilratio,gasdensityandtank-oildensity.Withtheequipmentavailable,asingletestoramultipleseparationtestcanbecarriedout.SchematicofaTwoStageSeparatorTest3.Gas-oilSeparation/Thestartingpointisreservoirbubblepoint./FluidisdisplacedfromthePVTcellensuringthatthePVTcellcontentsremainatbubblepointpressure./Thegasandliquidsarecollectedfromtheseparationstage(s)andtheirrespectivepropertiesmeasured./Thefinalstageisatstocktankconditions.Theresultingfluidistermedstocktankoil.StepsofSeparatorTests:3.Gas-oilSeparation第二节以黑油模型为基础的流体物性参数的确定1、parametersfromSeparatortest)STB/ft(76892676LVVR3221si1.49540.1246755497530001.48540.4178756027520001.47440.792756767510001.48140.5417573775500Bobbbl/STBStocktankgravity˚APIGas/oilft3/STBSep.T˚FSep.Ppsi(1)InitialgasoilratioRsi:(2)FormationvolumefactoratbubblepointBob:2resobL/VBobbfksockfoBVVVVBtanbfVVPbobbftBVVB2、parametersfromflashvaporizationtest(1)bubblepoint(地层油的泡点压力)PbBubblepoint(泡点)isthepressurewhenfirstbubbleofgasformsintheliquids.(2)Formationvolumefactor(地层油体积系数):PPb:PPb:obbfktansockfoBVVVVBobbftBVVB2、parametersfromflashvaporizationtestBoiBoPPbBtThecompressibilityoftheoilphaseabovethebubblepointcannowbecalculatedfromthegraph.where:V2=volumeatpressureP2（P1P2）;V1=volumeatpressureP1.（3）TheCoefficientofIsothermalCompressibilityofoil(原油的等温压缩系数)MPa121121oppvvvc1Theaveragecompressibilityofoilbetweenthebubble-pointpressureandtheprevailingpressure(Pi~Pb)：bioioboiibofobofoPPBBBPPVVVC11Vof—volumeofoilatprevailingpressurep,m3;Co=10-140MPa-1forreservoiroil（4）ThethermalexpansionfactorV2,V1=volumeoftheoilatreservoirtemperatureT2andT13.FactorsfromDifferentialTestsThedifferentialtestareusedtodetermineformationvolumefactorBoandGORRsbellowPb.(PPb)obrbdiffssisBV1)R(RRobrbroBV/VBVrBob(1)GOR-ft3/bblofresidualoilat60˚F(bbl/STB)(scf/STB)releasedgasfromoilPbTotalgasreleased91……854BoiBoPPbBtVs=1m3地面ogssitBBRRBTherelationshipofRs~P,Bo~PandBt~P:ProductionofreservoirhydrocarbonsabovebubblepointProductionbelowbubblepointR—totalproducinggas/oilratio生产气油比Rs--solutiongas溶解气油比4.ThedensityofcrudeoiloooVmoso(1)difinationThepetroleumindustryusesanothertermcalled°APIgravitywhereForwater:101API,rw10API,wo比重计、比重瓶法：比重计比重瓶(2)测定方法ogsosooofBRVGaggr(3)地层油的密度的计算:osof(kg/m3))/(205.1293008314.0101325.097.283mKgRTpMVGscscaa