精品文档可编缉使用中考专题复习-英语情态动词自学质疑学案学生疑问学案内容一、复习自测(合上课本独立完成)1.—Hatecannotdriveouthate,onlylove_______dothat.—MartinLutherKing,Jr.A.canB.mustC.shouldD./.2.一Whatareyoudoingthisweekend?—I’mnotsure,butI_____gotothemuseum.A.mightB.mustC.needD.should3.一Excuseme.Canyoutellmewhattimeitisnow?—Sorry,I______.Mywatchdoesn’twork.A.can’tB.maynotC.mustn’tD.needn’t4.一Mustwecleantheroomatonce?—No,you_______.Youcandoitafterschool.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.couldn’t5.—Difficultiesalwaysgowithme!—Cheerup!IfGodclosesadoorinfrontofyou,there____beawindowopenedforyou.A.wouldB.mustC.couldD.can6.FromMarch23rd2021,anyoneundertheageof14_____go精品文档可编缉使用intoDisney^USparksalone.A.couldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.mightn’t7.Drivers_____wearthesafetybeltwhendriving.Thisisthetrafficrule.A.canB.mayC.willD.must8.—Whoissinginginthegarden?---It______beMr.Brown.Healwayspracticessingingatthistime.A.mustB.can’tC.needD.might二、规律总结:常见的情态动词主要有can(could),may(might),must,need,haveto,oughtto,dare(dared),shall(should),will(would).情态动词的用法1.Can(l)can表示能力,意为“能,会”,相当于beableto。could是can的过去式,表示过去的能力。如.Thisroomcanhold60people.(2)表示猜测(即可能性),常用于否定句和疑问句中,否定句中can’t意为“不可能”。如:Itcan’tbetrue.(注意和must表示肯定推测结合在一起理解记忆)(3)表示请求或许可,意为”可以“。过去式could在疑问句中表示委婉的语气,没有过去时的意思。如:Can/Couldyougoswimmingwithus?精品文档可编缉使用2.Ma/might的用法(1)may表示许可,意为”可以“,比can更正式。如:MayIaskyouaquestion?【注意】may表示请求时,用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句时,其否定回答用mustn’t或can’t,意为”不可以,不许,禁止“。如---MayIgonow?---No,youmustn’t.(2)may表示推测,常用于肯定句,意为“可能,也许”。Might是may的过去时,表推测时,可能性低于may。如:Hemaybeathomeatthemoment.(3)表示祝愿。如:Mayyousucceed.祝你成功!3.Must(1)表示主观看法,意为“必须,一定”。其否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止;一定不要”。如:Youmuststayathome.Youmustn’tbelate.(2)表示有把握的猜测,意为“一定是”,用于肯定句中。如:Thelightison.Hemustbeathomenow.(3)must用于一般疑问句时,其肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn’t或don’thaveto.如:—MustIgotheretomorrow?—Yes,youmust.(No,youneedn’t或No,youdon’thaveto.)4.Need(1)need表示必要性,意为“需要,必须”,用于疑问句或否定句,其否定形式是needn’t,意为“不必”。用need提问时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t.如:--NeedIstayhere?---Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.(2)need还可用作实义动词,此时有人称、数和时态的变化,其后精品文档可编缉使用多接动词不定式,还可接名词、代词、动名词。否定句或疑问句中用助动词do/does/did;如:HeneedstospeakEnglishmore.(3)needdoing表示被动意义,相当于needtobedone。如:Yourcarneedscleaning.=Yourcarneedstobecleaned.5.should/shall(1)shall常用于主语是第一人称的疑问句中,表示征求对方意见或表示请求。如:ShallIclosethewindow.(2)Should除了可以是shall的过去式外,还有“应该”的含义,表示义务和责任。如:Heshouldn’thavelonghair.Weshouldfollowthetrafficrulestokeepussafe.圈点勾划重难点,认真思考学生疑问学案内容6.Will/would(1)will表示主语的决心或意愿.如:Iwilldomybesttohelpher.(2)would表过去的意愿,常用于句式Wouldyou....?(3)表示客气的请求;也可用于句式Wouldyoulike/prefer...?(4)表示提议或邀请。如:Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?情态动词表推测must一定(语气强)can精品文档可编缉使用很大可能may>might可能can’t不可能(语气强)(注:mustn’t只有禁止的意思,不能表推测)其中最常考的是must和can’t,may也有出现,一般会有Iamnotsure提示。情态动词一般疑问句的问答肯定否定needmustneedn’t/don’thavetomustmustneedn’t/don’thavetomaymay/cancan’t/mustn’tcanmay/cancan’t/mustn’精品文档可编缉使用情态动词记忆口诀情态动词两要点,动词原形跟后面,语气较委婉。can表“能力”,may“许可”,must“责任”或“义务”,否定回答needn’t换;“需要”need,dare“敢”,should“应该”,would“愿”,haveto“被迫”表客观。三、情态动词与相关词语辨析1.Maybe与maybeMaybe中的may为情态动词,后加动词原形be,在句中作谓语;maybe为副词,意为“大概,也许”,相当于perhaps,常放在句首,作状语。Hemayberight.Maybeheisright.2.can’t与mustn’t表示否定推测时用can’t,mustn’t意为“禁止,不允许”,不用来表示推测,在肯定句中可用must表示推测,意为“一定”。Youranswercan’tbetrue.Youmustn’tsmokehere.训练展示案一、中考链接1I______followyou.Wouldyoupleaserepeatit?A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.精品文档可编缉使用shouldn’t2.--Mustwetakeoutthetrashnow?--____.Youcandoitafterclass.A.Yes,youmust.B.No,youcan’tC.Yes,youmay.D.No,youneedn’t3.Afteryoureadthearticle“Whyfastfoodisslowlykillingyou”,you____stopeatingfastfood.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.should4.—I’dlikeapet,butIambusyallday.—Goldfishareagoodchoice.You____feedthemeveryday.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t5.—Ihopethere_______lesspressureonustoday.—Ifso,we_______enjoyamorepleasantlife.A.is;canB.willbe;canC.willbe;shouldD.is;should6.—-Excuseme,mayIkeepthebookalittlelonger?—Sorry.You______returnittoday.A.mustB.mustn'tC.canD.can't7.Ifyou_____smoke,pleasegooutside.A.canB.mayC.mustD.might精品文档可编缉使用8.Children______sitinthefrontseatofacar.It’stoodangerous.A.needB.needn’tC.mustD.mustn’t9.—MustIhandinmyhomeworknow,Mr.Smith?—No,you________.A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.wouldn’tD.needn’t10.—MayItakethismagazineoutofthereadingroom?—No,you___.Youreaditinhere.A.mightn'tB.won’tC.needn’tD.mustn't