项目管理小说-人件(1)

PeoplewareProductiveProjectsandTeams2nded.TomDeMarco&TimothyListerDorsetHousePublishingCo.353West12thStreetNewYork,NY10014LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataDeMarco.Tom.Peopleware:productiveprojectsandteams/TomDeMarco&TimothyLister.--2nded.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN0-932633-43-9softcover1.Management.2.Organizationalbehavior.3.Organizationaleffectiveness.4.Industrialprojectmanagement.I.Lister,TimothyR.II.Title.HD31.D421851999658.3'14—dc2199-11525CIPCREDITSFortheCoverArt:OneSundayAfternoonITookaWalkThroughtheRoseGarden,1981byHerbertFink.FortheCoverDesign:JeffFaville,FavilleGraphicsFortheDedication:THEWIZARDOFOZ©1939Loew'sIncorporatedRen.1966Metro-Goldwyn-MayerInc.FortheExcerptsinChapter3,fromViennabyBillyJoel:Copyright©1977Joelsongs.AllRightsControlledandAdministeredbyGelfand,Rennert&Feldman,Inc.InternationalCopyrightSecured.MadeinU.S.A.AllRightsReserved.FortheExcerptsandGraphicsinChapter13,thankstoOxfordUniversityPress:FromTheOregonExperimentbyChristopherAlexander.Copyright©1975byChristopherAlexander.UsedbypermissionofOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.FromAPatternLanguagebyChristopherAlexander.Copyright©1977byChristopherAlexander.UsedbypermissionofOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.FromTheTimelessWayofBuildingbyChristopherAlexander.Copyright©1979byChristopherAlexander.UsedbypermissionofOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.ForFigure29.1,TheSEICapabilityMaturityModel,onpage190:FromJ.W.E.Greene,SoftwareProcessImprovement:ManagementCommitment,Measures,andMotivation,ManagingSystemDevelopment(February1998),p.4.Usedbypermission.Copyright©1999,1987byTomDeMarcoandTimothyLister.PublishedbyDorsetHousePublishingCo.,Inc.,353West12thStreet,NewYork,NY10014.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photo-copying,recording,orotherwise,withoutpriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher.DistributedintheEnglishlanguageinSingapore,thePhilippines,andSoutheastAsiabyAlkemCompany(S)Pte.Ltd.,Singapore;intheEnglishlanguageinIndia,Bangladesh,SriLanka,Nepal,andMauritiusbyPrismBooksPvt.,Ltd.,Bangalore,India;andintheEnglishlanguageinJapanbyToppanCo.,Ltd.,Tokyo,Japan.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaLibraryofCongressCatalogNumber99-11525ISBN:0-932633-43-9242322212019181716151413TheGreatOzhasspoken.Paynoattentiontothatmanbehindthecurtain.TheGreatOzhasspoken.—TheWizardofOToallourfriendsandcolleagueswhohaveshownushowtopaynoattentiontothemanbehindthecurtainContentsAcknowledgmentsixPrefacetotheSecondEditionxiPrefacetotheFirstEditionxiiiiPARTI:MANAGINGTHEHUMANRESOURCE11.SomewhereToday,aProjectIsFailing32.MakeaCheeseburger,SellaCheeseburger73.ViennaWaitsforYou134.Quality—IfTimePermits195.Parkinson'sLawRevisited246.Laetrile30PARTII:THEOFFICEENVIRONMENT357.TheFurniturePolice378.YouNeverGetAnythingDoneAroundHereBetween9and5429.SavingMoneyonSpace51Intermezzo:ProductivityMeasurementandUnidentifiedFlyingObjects5810.BrainTimeVersusBodyTime6211.TheTelephone69VIIviiiCONTENTS12.BringBacktheDoor7513.TakingUmbrellaSteps81PARTIII:THERIGHTPEOPLE9314.TheHornblowerFactor9515.HiringaJuggler10016.HappytoBeHere10517.TheSelf-HealingSystem113PARTIV:GROWINGPRODUCTIVETEAMS12118.TheWholeIsGreaterThantheSumoftheParts12319.TheBlackTeam12920.Teamicide13221.ASpaghettiDinner14022.OpenKimono14323.ChemistryforTeamFormation150PARTV:IT'SSUPPOSEDTOBEFUNTOWORKHERE15724.ChaosandOrder15925.FreeElectrons16726.HolgarDansk171PARTVI:SONOFPEOPLEWARE17527.TeamicideRevisited17728.Competition18129.ProcessImprovementPrograms18630.MakingChangePossible19431.HumanCapital20232.OrganizationalLearning20933.TheUltimateManagementSinIs...21534.TheMakingofCommunity222Notes227Bibliography233Index239AbouttheAuthors248AcknowledgmentsFortheFirstEditionIt'salwaysasurprisethatasimple,littlefilmwiththreeactorsmaylistcreditsattheendforfiftytoahundredpeople.Someoftheirtitlesaresoobscureastogivenohintofwhatthenamedpeoplemayactuallyhavedone.Yetthefilmcouldnothavebeenmadewithoutthem.So,too,themakingofabook,evenaslenderonelikethis,dependsontheeffortsofagreatmanypeople.Wedidn'tmakeuseofgaffersorbestboysorhairconsultants.Butwedidprofitfromthecontributionsoffriendsandcolleagueswhoservedvari-ouslyasquipsters,phrasemakers,manuscriptsloggers,ideadebunkers,anecdoters,tonecorrectors,participleundanglers,sillinessdetectors,andone-war-story-too-manydeleters.Chiefamongthesehasbeenoureditor,JaniceWormington.Shehasmanagedoureffortsandgivenunstintinglyofhergreatenergy,competence,and(usually)goodhumor.MarkWallaceofInformationEngineeringandLindaProwseofHewlett-Packardweregenerousandpatientenoughtomakerepeatedpassesthroughearlyversionsofthemanuscriptandtosuggestnumerouspossibilitiesforimprovement.Andeachofthefollowinghascontributed(knowinglyorun-)atleastoneidea:ColinCorder,ArtDavidson,WendyEakin,JustinKodner,SteveMcMenamin,LouMazzucchelli,NancyMeabon,KenOrr,IXxACKNOWLEDGMENTSMeilirPage-Jones,JohnPalmer,JamesandSuzanneRobertson,JohnTaylor,andDaveTommela.Weareparticularlyindebtedtotheprofessionaldevelopersrwhohaveparticipatedinourprodu