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Module8Unit3Theworldofcoloursandlight重点单词1.commitvt.&vi.全心全意投入;犯罪,犯错;承诺,保证教材原句①Unfortunately,althoughvanGoghcommitted(commit)hiswholebeingtopainting,hereceivedlittlerewardforhiseffort.用commit的有关词组替换下列句中画线部分②Givemeyourpromisethatyou’llneverbelateagain.Makeacommitmenttome③Aftershootinghisenemy,hekilledhimselfinthebedroom.committedsuicide④Youmustdevoteyourselvestoworkingforpeace.commityourselvesto⑤Thebossmadeapromisetoimprovetheworkingconditions.committedtoimproving点拨commitanerror(afault/mistake)/acrime/suicide犯错/犯罪/自杀commit...to...投身于,致力于;投入(钱、时间、人力等)commitoneself/sb.to承诺;保证commitsb.tosth.把某人送进(医院或监狱等)makeacommitmenttosb./sth.对……做出承诺2.rewardn.回报,报酬,奖励vt.奖励给以酬劳教材原句①Unfortunately,althoughvanGoghcommittedhiswholebeingtopaint-ing,hereceivedlittlereward(回报)forhiseffort.单项填空②ItiswidelyacceptedthatyoungbabieslearntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadtoA.A.rewardsB.prizesC.awardsD.results答案A句意:人们普遍认为年幼的婴儿学会做事情是因为某些行为有奖励。此处reward表示“奖励;回报”。后三项分别表示“奖品”“奖赏”“结果”。用reward/award的适当形式填空③ZhaoWeiwasawardedtheCulturalAmbassadoroftheFilmFestivalheldinHefei.赵薇在合肥举办的电影节上被授予“电影文化大使”的称号。④WinnerswillberewardedwithatriptoEngland.优胜者将获得去英格兰旅游的奖赏。点拨rewardsb.withsth.用……报答/回报某人rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事奖赏某人inreward(for)作为(对……的)报酬asarewardfor作为对……的报酬give/offerareward(tosb.)forsth.为某事而给(某人)报酬或奖赏[辨析]reward和awardrewardaward名词奖励,回报;报酬,悬赏金多用于奖项名称、荣誉上的奖动词意为“奖赏,酬谢”,常用结构:rewardsb.for(doing)sth.意为“授予”,常用结构:awardsb.sth.=awardsth.tosb.3.accommodationn.住处;住宿,膳宿;和解,调解教材原句①So,instead,wefoundaccommodation(住处)inadormitory.用适当的介词填空②Thegovernmentwillmakeaccommodationsforuptothreethou-sandpeople.③Shewalkedslowlytoaccommodateherselftohispace.④Itwasverygoodofyoutoaccommodatemewiththeticketformyjourney.根据汉语完成句子⑤Hereyestookawhiletoaccommodatetothedarkness.过了一会儿,她的眼睛才能适应黑暗。点拨accommodatevt.容纳;提供膳宿;适应makeaccommodationsfor为……提供膳宿accommodateoneselfto...=adapt/adjustoneselfto使自己适应……accommodate...with...向……提供……[点津]accommodation作“住宿,膳宿”讲时,常用复数形式。4.calculatevt.&vi.计算;推测教材原句①...itisimpossibletocalculate(估算)whatpriceitwouldfetchifitevercameonthemarket.单项填空②ICthatwewouldarriveat6:00p.m.A.countedB.figuredC.calculatedD.accounted答案C句意:我估计我们将会在下午6:00到达。calculate意为“计算;推测;估计”。根据汉语完成句子③HasEdwardcalculatedtheresult?爱德华已经计算出结果了吗?④It’sdifficulttocalculatewhateffectallthesechangeswillhaveonthecompany.很难估计这些变化将会给公司带来什么样的影响。点拨becalculatedtodosth.旨在做某事;打算做某事calculateonsb./sth.doingsth.指望某人/某物做某事Itiscalculatedthat...据估算……[联想]calculationn.计算,推算calculatorn.计算器5.dipvt.&vi.浸,蘸教材原句①Forexample,oneendofatincanbedipped(dip)intopaintandusedtomakecirclesonapieceofcard.根据汉语完成句子②Somebooksaretobereadseriously,whileotherstobedippedinto.有些书要认真阅读,另一些书浏览一下就可以了。③Thechildrenwentforadipinthelake,butitwastoocold.孩子们在湖里游了一会儿泳,但是太冷了。④Dipeachappleinthesyrupuntilthicklycoated.把每个苹果在糖浆里蘸一下,直到被厚厚地裹上糖浆。点拨dipsth.into...把……在……中浸或蘸一下dipintosth.把手伸进(……里取东西);浏览;提取(款项)dipintoone’spocket花钱;掏腰包[联想]dipn.游一游,泡一泡goforadip去游泳6.disgustingadj.令人不快的,令人厌恶的,令人愤慨的教材原句①Thismaysounddisgusting(disgust)tosome,butitisreallyquitecleanandgreatfun.用disgust的适当形式填空②Iamdisgustedwithhiswayofspeaking.③Itisdisgustingthathealwaysshowsoffhiswealth.④Therewasadisgustedexpressiononthechild’sfacewhenhesawthedisgustingscene.点拨[联想]toone’sdisgust使某人气愤的是indisgust厌恶地,气愤地disgustedadj.厌恶的;憎恶的bedisgustedat/by/with对……感到反感/厌恶[点津]disgusting与disgusted都可用作形容词,但disgusting意为“令人厌恶的”,常用来修饰物;disgusted意为“感到厌恶的”,常用来修饰人。重点短语1.upwardsof(=upwardof)在……以上,大于,超过教材原句①Today,vanGogh’spaintingsareworthupwardsof(超过)millionsofdollarseach.根据汉语完成句子②Upwardsofahundredpeoplecametothemeeting.一百多人来参加会议。单项填空③Thebiggestfishwas6feetlongandC200poundsinweight.A.insteadofB.inspiteofC.upwardsofD.intermsof答案C句意:最大的鱼有六英尺长,重达200多磅。insteadof代替;inspiteof尽管;upwardsof多于,超过;intermsof关于,就……而言。点拨upwardsof相当于over或morethan,后接数词。2.layout布置,设计;铺开,展开教材原句①Youcanlayallthepiecesout(把……铺放在……上)onthecardbeforeyoustickthemdown.单项填空②ItisBthatalltheplansmustbesubmittednextweek.A.laidasideB.laiddownC.laidoffD.laidout答案B句意:根据规定所有计划下周必须提交上去。Itislaiddownthat...“根据规定……”。单句填空③Shehadmanagedtolayasidethirtydollars.④Theydidnotsellasinglecarforamonthandhadtolayoffworkers.⑤Heshowedushowtolayoutaprintedpage.点拨layaside把……放在一边(或搁置一旁);留存备用layoff解雇;停止使用laydown放下;中断(工作);辞(职);阐述,声明重点句型Hardlyhad...done...when教材原句①Hardlyhadweleft(leave)thedormitorythenextmorningwhenwerealizedwehadleftourmapintheroom.单项填空②HardlyDtwelvewhentheyrealizedthatitwastoolatetocatchthelasttrain.A.theclockhadstruckB.theclockhadbeenstruckC.hadtheclockbeenstruckD.hadtheclockstruck答案Dhardly...when...表示“一……就……”。hardly放在句首,主句要用部分倒装。时钟敲响应用主动语态,故选D项。句型转换③NosoonerhadIheardtheknockthanIopenedthedoor.→Hardly/Directly/ScarcelyhadIheardtheknockwhenIopenedthedoor.点拨(1)句中“hardly...when...”是固定结构,表示“刚……就……,一……就……”,主句常用过去完成时。当hardly位于句首时,主句用部分倒装。(2)hardly/scarcely/barely...when...和nosooner...than...句型中,hardly,scarcely,barely,nosooner置于句首时,主句用倒装语序,从句语序不变。(3)表达“一……就……”的句式有:hardly/scarcely/directly...when...;nosooner...than...;assoonas/once。[点津]before引导时间状语从句时有各种不同的译法,如:(1)在……之前;(2)过了(多长时间)才……;(3)不久就……;(4)还没来得及……就……。重点句型