专题(十三)连词和状语从句考点一并列连词1.表示并列关系常见的有and(和,同,与),both…and…(……和……都),notonly…butalso…(不仅……而且……),aswellas(而且,还,又),neither…nor…(既不……也不……)等。HelikesdrawingandIlikedancing.他喜欢画画,我喜欢跳舞。BothhisfatherandhismotherlikewatchingTV.他的父母都喜欢看电视。NeitheryounorIamwrong.你和我都没有错。TomaswellasIwalkstoschooleveryday.汤姆和我每天步行去上学。[注意]aswellas连接的并列结构在句中作主语时,谓语动词应与aswellas前面的主语在数上保持一致;而notonly…butalso…和neither…nor…连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词则遵循“就近一致”原则。2.表示选择关系常见的有or(或;或者;还是;否则;不然),either…or…(或者……或者……;不是……就是……),not…but…(不是……而是……)等。Workhard,oryouwillfallbehind.努力学习,否则你会落后。Eitheryouorheisgoingtodosomeshoppingthisafternoon.今天下午或者你或者他去购物。[注意]用either…or…连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。3.表示转折关系常见的有but(但;但是;可是),while(然而)等。Shewasverytired,butshekeptworkingtillmidnight.她虽然很累,但是她一直工作到半夜。He'saworkerwhilehiswifeisadoctor.他是一名工人,而他的妻子是一位医生。4.表示因果关系常见的有for(因为),so(所以)等。Hegotuplate,sohedidn'tcatchtheearlybus.他起床晚了,所以没赶上早班公交车。考点二从属连词引导状语从句1.时间状语从句引导词有when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,not…until…,assoonas等。Whenhecomesback,I'llgiveyouacall.他回来时,我会给你打电话的。Theydidn'teatanythinguntiltheyfinishedthework.他们直到完成工作才吃了点东西。I'llringyouassoonasIreachBeijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。2.原因状语从句引导词有because,since,as等。Ididn'tgo,becauseIwasafraid.我没去,因为我害怕。Sinceyouarefreetoday,you'dbettertakeagoodrest.既然你今天有空,你最好好好休息一下。3.条件状语从句引导词有if,unless等。Ifitrains,I'llgobycar.如果下雨,我就乘小汽车去。Youcannotsucceedunlessyouworkhard.如果你不努力,你是不会成功的。4.结果状语从句引导词有so…that,such…that等。Itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'tseetheroad.雨下得如此大,以至于我们看不见路。5.让步状语从句引导词有though,eventhough/if,although,“nomatter+疑问词”等。Eventhough/ifyousayso,Idonotbelieveit.即使你这么说,我也不信。6.目的状语从句引导词有sothat,inorderthat等。IneedtogetupearlysothatIcancatchtheearlybus.我需要早起,以便能赶上早班公交车。7.方式状语从句引导词有asif,asthough,as等。Thechildtalkedtousasifhehadbeenagrown-up.那个孩子跟我们谈起话来像个成年人似的。8.地点状语从句引导词有where,wherever等。Whereverhegoes,healwaysbringshispetdog.无论他去哪里,他总是带着他的宠物狗。9.比较状语从句引导词有than,as…as,notas…as等。CarolspeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.卡罗尔英语说得和你一样好。考点三主句与从句时态一致的问题1.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分为下列几种情况:(1)主现从现:若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词,那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。Thetrafficmuststopwhenthelightsarered.当红灯亮时,车辆必须停下来。(2)主将从现:若主句用一般将来时,那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。IwillvisitmygoodfriendwhenIhavetime.当我有空时,我将去看望我的好朋友。Ifsheisheretomorrow,Iwillgototheparkwithher.如果明天她来这里,我将和她一起去公园。(3)过去时态:若主句和从句都是在叙述过去的事情,则主句和从句可以用一般过去时或过去进行时。MymotherwascookingwhenIgothomeyesterday.昨天我到家时妈妈正在做饭。2.宾语从句和状语从句同时出现。Idon'tknowif(是否)hewillcome.If(如果)hecomes,Iwilltellhimabouttheaccident.我不知道他是否会来。如果他来的话,我将告诉他这起事故。Idon'tknowwhen(什么时候)hewillcometomorrow.When(当……的时候)hecomes,Iwilltellhimaboutthenews.我不知道他明天什么时候来。当他来时,我将告诉他这个消息。Ⅰ.单项选择1.[2018·河北]Bob,dinnerisready.Pleasewashyourhandsyoueat.A.UntilB.afterC.WhileD.before2.[2017·河北]Momwon'tletDickgoouthepromisestobebackby10:00tonight.A.IfB.whenC.SinceD.unless对接中考专练DD3.[2016·河北]Victoria,hurryup!wecan'tarrivethereontime.A.OrB.SoC.ButD.And4.[2014·河北]Ericarrivedontime,itwastherushhour.A.althoughB.becauseC.whileD.unless5.[2014·河北]Dianaisn'there,leaveamessageonherdesk.A.orB.soC.andD.but对接中考专练AABⅡ.用适当的连词填空。1.[2019·河北改编]Webothlikedplayingbasketballandcollectingstamps,swealwayshadalotofthingstotalkabout.2.[2018·河北改编]Ididn'tknowwMr.Duaskedmetogotothefront,soIwasalittleafraid.3.[2017·河北改编]MyfriendsIoftengototheScienceClubtogether.4.[2019·保定一模改编]It'snotalwayssafetopayovertheInternet,youshouldbecareful.5.[2019·石家庄一模改编]Mary,turnoffthewaterwyouarebrushingyourteeth.对接中考专练sowhyandsowhile/whenⅢ.英译汉1.Readingcannotonlyincreaseourknowledge,butalsobringuspleasure.2.[2017·河北]Whenyou'realone,youcanthinkaboutthebestpartsofyourday.3.WeshouldlearnEnglishwellsothatwecantellChina'sstoriestotheworld.对接中考专练阅读不仅能增长我们的知识,而且给我们带来快乐。当你独自一人时,你可以想想你这一天中最精彩的部分。我们应该学好英语,以便能向世界讲述中国故事。4.Idon'tthinkit'snecessarytosetoutsoearlyifwewanttoarriveatten.5.Theoldmanwassoexcitedthathecouldn'tspeakclearly.对接中考专练如果我们想要在10点钟到达,我认为没有必要这么早出发。这位老人非常激动,以至于不能清晰地讲话。【语法综合演练】内容见Word版资源:专题13