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ANSI/IEEEC67.92-1987(RevisionofIEEEStd143-1964)AnAmericanNationalStandardIEEEGuidefortheApplicationofNeutralGroundinginElectricalUtilitySystemsPartI-IntroductionSponsorSurgeProtectiveDevicesCommitteeoftheIEEEPowerEngineeringSocietyApprovedDecember12,1985ReaffirmedJune3,1993ApprovedOctober19,1987AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute@Copyright1987byTheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers,Inc345East47thStreet,NewYork,NY10017,USANopartofthispublicationmayberqwoducedinanyfm,inanelectronicretrievalsystemorotherwise,withoutpriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher.IEEEStandardsdocumentsaredevelopedwithintheTechnicalCom-mitteesoftheIEEESocietiesandtheStandardsCoordinatingCommit-teesoftheIEEEStandardsBoard.Membersofthecommitteesservevoluntarilyandwithoutcompensation.Theyarenotnecessarilymem-bersoftheInstitute.ThestandardsdevelopedwithinIEEErepresentaconsensusofthebroadexpertiseonthesubjectwithintheInstituteaswellasthoseactivitiesoutsideofIEEEwhichhaveexpressedanin-terestinparticipatinginthedevelopmentofthestandard.UseofanIEEEStandardiswhollyvoluntary.TheexistenceofanIEEEStandarddoesnotimplythattherearenootherwaystopro-duce,test,measure,purchase,market,orprovideothergoodsandser-vicesrelatedtothescopeoftheIEEEStandard.Furthermore,theview-pointexpressedatthetimeastandardisapprovedandissuedissubjecttochangebroughtaboutthroughdevelopmentsinthestateoftheartandcommentsreceivedfromusersofthestandard.EveryIEEEStan-dardissubjectedtoreviewatleastonceeveryfiveyearsforrevisionorreaffirmation.Whenadocumentismorethanfiveyearsold,andhasnotbeenreaffirmed,itisreasonabletoconcludethatitscontents,althoughstillofsomevalue,donotwhollyreflectthepresentstateoftheart.UsersarecautionedtochecktodeterminethattheyhavethelatesteditionofanyIEEEStandard.CommentsforrevisionofIEEEStandardsarewelcomefromanyinterestedparty,regardlessofmembershipaffiliationwithIEEE.Sug-gestionsforchangesindocumentsshouldbeintheformofaproposedchangeoftext,togetherwithappropriatesupportingcomments.Interpretations:Occasionallyquestionsmayariseregardingthemean-ingofportionsofstandardsastheyrelatetospecificapplications.WhentheneedforinterpretsisbroughttotheattentionofIEEE,theInstitutewillinitiatentoprepareappropriateresponses.SinceIEEEStandardsrepresentaconsensusofallconcernedinterests,itisimportanttoensurethatanyinteationhasalsoreceivedthecon-currenceofabalanceofinterests.thisreasonIEEEandthemem-bersofitstechnicalcommitteesarenotabletoprovideaninstantre-sponsetointerpretationrequestsexceptinthosecaseswherethematterhaspreviouslyreceivedformalconsideration.Commentsonstandardsandrequestsforinterpretationsshouldbead-dressedto:Secretary,IEEEStandardsBoard345East47thStreetNewYork,NY10017USAForeword(ThisForewordisnotapartofANSI/IEEEC62.92-1987,IEEEGuidefortheApplicationofNeutralGroundinginElectricalUtilitySystems,PartI-Introduction.)Thisguideistheintroductiontoaseriesofonneutralgroundinginelectricalutilitysystems.WhentheseriesofdocumentsareapprovedandpublishedtheywillreplaceIEEEStd143-1954,IEEEGuideforGround-FaultNeutralizers,GroundingofSynchronousGeneratorSystems,andNeutralGroundingofTransmissionSystems.Inthenewseriesofdocumentsindividualconsiderationsandpracticeswillbegiventothegroundingofsynchronousgeneratorsystems,generator-stationauxiliarysystems,distributionsystems,andtransmissionandsubtransmissionsystems.IEEEStd143-1954isarevisionofAIEENo954,Oct1954,whichwasacompilationofthefollowingthreeAIEETransactionpapers.AIEECOMMITTEEGUIDEREPORT.ApplicationofGround-FaultNeutralizers.NEETransactions(PowerApparatusandSystems)vol72,pt111,April1953,pp183-190.AIEECOMMITTEEREPORT.ApplicationGuidefortheGroundingofSynchronousGeneratorSystems.AIEETransactions(PowerApparatusandSystems)pt111,June1953,pp517-530.AIEECOMMITTEEREPORT.ApplicationGuideonMethodsofNeutralGroundingofTransmissionSystems.AIEETransactions(PowerApparatusandSystems)pt111,Aug1953,pp663-668.ThecontentsofPartsI,11,111,IV,andVoftherevisionofIEEEStd143-1954arebasedontheforegoingdocumentsbutareamplifiedandupdatedwithnewmaterialfromtheIEEETUTORIALCOURSE,SurgeProtectioninPowerSystems(79EH0144-6-PWR).InPartsIthroughVofthisrevisionemphasisisonpower-systemgroundingpracticesascontrastedwiththegrounding,forexample,ofindustrialsystems,whicharecoveredinotherguidesandstan-dards.Theguidesandstandardsshouldbereferenced,whenappropriate,togainafullpictureofothergroundingpractices.Itisimpossibletogiverecognitiontoallthoscwhohavecontributedtothetechnologyandpracticesofgroundingofpowersystemssinceworkinvolvingthepreparationofthesupplementshasbeeninprogressforoverthirtyyears.However,theassistanceofmembers,pastandpresent,oftheNeutralGroundingDevicesSubcommitteeoftheSurgeProtectiveDevicesCommittee,andothersimilargroupswithcomparablepurposesshouldbeacknowledged.TheAmericanNationalStandardsCommitteeC62,SurgeArrestors,hadthefollowingmembersatthetimethisguidewasapproved.J.Koepfinger,ChairmanJohnA.Gauthier,SecretaryOrganizationRepresentedAssociationofAmericanRailroads........................................................BonnevillePowerAdministration.....