第三板块完形填空第三部分体裁应对策略第三讲议论文高考总复习大二轮山东版英语议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。这类文章或从正面提出某种见解、主张,或是驳斥别人的错误观点。议论文类完形填空具有如下特点:(1)首句制胜,论点明确。议论文一般都在首句提出论点,然后在各段的首句提出分论点。(2)结构清楚,逻辑通顺。作者为了使文章的脉络清晰,一般会使用一些逻辑关联词(或短语),如onthecontrary,allinall,inshort,generally,surely,obviously等。(3)方法论证,合情合理。议论文都是按一定的方法来论证的。常用的论证方法有:归纳法、推理法、对照法。做题时要善于理清论点、论据、结论,“三论”结合验证答案。如果所选的答案前后矛盾,论据与论点相悖,最后的结论与论点矛盾,那就说明考生对于文章的脉络把握得不太准确,可以重新回过头来理顺文章的各个部分,直到“三论”一致,然后再依据自己对全文的掌握及各部分之间的关系选出答案。文本示例(全国卷Ⅰ)Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutine(常规的)basis.Asamatteroffact,wecanseethis__41__atworkinpeopleofall__42__.Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout__43__withtheirnewtoys.Buttheir__44__soonwearsoffandbyJanuarythose__45__toyscanbefoundputawayinthebasement.Theworldisfullof__46__stampalbumsandunfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttosomeone's__47__interest.Whenparentsbringhomeapet,theirchild__48__bathesitandbrushesitsfur.Withinashorttime,however,the__49__ofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.Adolescentsenterhighschoolwithgreat__50__butaresoonlookingforwardto__51__.Thesameistrueoftheyoungadultsgoingtocollege.Andthen,howmany__52__,whonowcomplain(抱怨)aboutthelongdrivestowork,__53__droveforhoursatatimewhentheyfirst__54__theirdriver'slicenses(执照)?Beforepeopleretire,theyusually__55__todoalotof__56__things,whichtheyneverhad__57__todowhileworking.But__58__afterretirement,thegolfing,thefishing,thereadingandalloftheotherpastimesbecomeasboringasthejobsthey__59__.And,likethechildinJanuary,theygosearchingfornew__60__.41.A.principleB.habitC.wayD.power42.A.partiesB.racesC.countriesD.ages43.A.workingB.livingC.playingD.going44.A.confidenceB.interestC.anxietyD.sorrow45.A.sameB.extraC.funnyD.expensive46.A.wellorganizedB.colorfullyprintedC.newlycollectedD.halffilled47.A.broadB.passingC.differentD.main48.A.silentlyB.impatientlyC.gladlyD.worriedly49.A.promiseB.burdenC.rightD.game50.A.courageB.calmnessC.confusionD.excitement51.A.graduationB.independenceC.responsibilityD.success52.A.childrenB.studentsC.adultsD.retirees53.A.carefullyB.eagerlyC.nervouslyD.bravely54.A.requiredB.obtainedC.noticedD.discovered55.A.needB.learnC.startD.plan56.A.greatB.strangeC.difficultD.correct57.A.timeB.moneyC.skillsD.knowledge58.A.onlyB.wellC.evenD.soon59.A.lostB.choseC.leftD.quit60.A.petsB.toysC.friendsD.colleagues考场思维◆[第一步]通全文采论点引论据本文是议论文题材,为社会生活类。文章一开始就提出论点,在文中通过不同年龄的孩子、年轻人、成年人以及即将退休的老人的例子告诉我们,当兴趣和爱好成为常规,即经常要做的事情时,人们很快就会对它们失去兴趣,转而寻找新的兴趣与爱好了。◆[第二步]品语境析语篇定答案词汇复现答案自显41.根据首句中的“Asageneralrule”可知各种活动一旦成为我们日常生活的一部分,无论哪个年龄阶段的人都会感到厌倦,这是一种规律,故选A。50.根据上文中的excited以及语境可知,与孩子一样,进入高中的年轻人在开始的时候应该是非常兴奋。故选D。60.这些退休老人遭遇的处境,就像孩子们一样,开始寻找新玩具,寻求刺激了。空处与45空后的toys是原词复现。故选B。篇章逻辑上下呼应42.下面列举了小孩子、年轻人、成年人以及将要退休的人的情况,说明各个年龄段的人都存在这样的情况。故选D。44.根据下文中那些曾经很喜欢的玩具都被放在了地下室里可知,很快他们的兴趣就消失了。故选B。46.世界上到处都是未装满的集邮册和未完成的模型。由下半句中的unfinished可推测出。故选D。51.刚进入高中时年轻人很兴奋,但很快他们就厌倦了高中生活,期待着毕业。故选A。语境取词左顾右盼47.这些东西说明很多人曾经喜欢某一件事,结果半途而废。他们的兴趣是短暂的。故选B。49.随着时间的推移,照顾宠物就成为了负担(burden),这个负担就由父母承担了。故选B。54.本句是指成年人在刚刚得到驾照的时候无比急切地要去开车。故选B。词语搭配去伪存真43.小孩当然是很高兴地摆弄玩耍自己的新玩具。playwith玩耍,是固定搭配。故选C。借助常识巧定答案48.当父母亲把宠物带回家,孩子们自然是很高兴地给宠物洗澡,梳理毛发。故选C。52.结合空后说那些抱怨开车很长时间上班的人也可推断出是成年人。故选C。53.而当他们刚刚拿到驾照时,他们急切地一次开好几个小时。故选B。57.他们上班太忙了,当然就没有时间做这些事情。故选A。简易题目直接选取45.A55.D56.A58.D59.C◆[第三步]再回看细分辨核答案将答案带入原文中再次对文章进行主旨、逻辑和语境方面的审核。如有个别题目答案尚不把握,换个角度再次揣摩并仔细分辨选项。对于已经明确答案的题目,再次核对,避免低级失误。Weareinstructednottouseanybadwordsorpollutinglanguage.Butatonetime,Ididn'trealizethatthese__1__complaining,butIlaterhave__2__thatmurmuringandcomplainingpolluteourlives.Plainandsimplecomplainingisan__3__thatpeoplestronglydisapprove(不认可)of!Itcausesmanypeopleagreatdealof__4__intheirlivesanddestroysthejoyofanyone__5__.Weneedto__6__ourselves,howquickarewetobecome__7__andbegintocomplainwhenstuckintrafficorwhile__8__atthecheckoutingrocerystoresordepartmentstores?Howquickarewetospotandpointoutallthe__9__ofourfriendsorfamilymembers?Dowe__10__aboutourjobwhenweshouldbethankfulthatwehaveone?Thebestantidote(矫正方法)forcomplainingis__11__.Peoplewithgratitudedonotcomplain.Theyareso__12__beinggratefulforallthegoodthingstheyhavethattheyhavenotimeto__13__thethingstheycouldcomplainabout.Infact,everyoneneedstomakeitadaily__14__tolivealifeofthanksgiving.Let'sbe__15__andgrateful.Beforegoingtobedatnight,tryto__16__everythingwehavetobethankfulfor.Letitbethe__17__thingyoudointhemorning.Begratefulfor“little”thingsorthingsyoumight__18__takeforgranted.Don'tget__19__whenyoufail,anddon'tthrowinthetowelandquiteither.Keepatituntilyouhave__20__newhabitsandyouarelivingwithanattitudeofgratitude.[语篇解读]本文主要讲述在我们的生活中,我们经常抱怨,其实我们应该带着感恩的心来过每一天。1.A.acceptedB.producedC.includedD.required解析:C[考查动词。these指上文提到的“badwords”和“pollutinglanguage”,此处表示,我没有意识到这些包含抱怨。include“包含”符合题意。]2.A.learnedB.admittedC.heardD.remembered解析:A[考查动词。此处表示但是后来我得知发牢骚和抱怨都会污染我们的生活,learn在此意为“得知”符合题意。]3.A.explanationB.actionC.excuseD.emotion解析:B[考查名词。根据句子主语“Plainandsimplecomplaining”可知,答案为B。抱怨应该是一种行为(action),而不是解释(explanation)、借口(excuse)或感情(emotion)。]4.A.decisionsB.possibilitiesC.problemsD.accidents解析:C[考查名词。此处表示简单的抱怨会导致人们生活中遇到很多问题(problems)。decis