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专题十三句子种类2019全新版•分析广东近6年中考真题可知，简单句是单项填空的高频考点(共1～2分)。其命题规律为：•高频考点：感叹句(6年5考；题型：单项填空)•冷考点：疑问句(6年1考；题型：单项填空)•祈使句(6年1考；题型：单项填空)目录CONTENTS考点精讲易错盘点解题技巧试题精练•感叹句用来表示说话人的赞美、惊讶、喜悦或气愤等强烈的情绪，句末用感叹号。感叹句一般由what和how开头，what修饰名词，how则修饰形容词或副词。考点精讲•考点感叹句(6年5考)•1.感叹句的结构类别结构what引导(2017、2016、2014广东中考)What＋a/an＋adj.＋单数可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)！What＋adj.＋复数可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)！What＋adj.＋不可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)！how引导(2015、2013广东中考)How＋adj./adv.(＋主语＋谓语)！How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)！•①Whatanunusualday(itis)!多么不平常的一天啊！•②Whatbeautifulflowers(theyare)!多么美的花啊！•③Whatfineweather(itis)!多好的天气呀！•④Howinterestingthedogis!多么有趣的狗啊！•⑤Howfastheruns!他跑得真快！•⑥Howbeautifulagirlsheis!她是一个多么漂亮的女孩儿啊！•注意在感叹句中，whata/an常用来修饰单数可数名词，若该名词前面的形容词为元音音素开头，则用whatan；what用来修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。但有些不可数名词，如rain,surprise,breakfast等前面有形容词修饰，从而使抽象名词具体化时，则要用whata/an。•2.引导词what和how的选用•判断感叹句的引导词用what还是how，可先把主谓部分去掉，最后一个词是名词用what，是形容词或副词用how。若句子没有主谓则看句末单词而定，句末单词是名词用what，是形容词或副词用how。如：•①Whatacleverboyheis!他是个多么聪明的男孩儿啊！•②Howhardhestudiesatschool!他在学校学习多么刻苦啊！•③Whatexcitingnews!多么激动人心的消息啊！•巧学妙记感叹句，表情感，how与what放句前。名词词组跟what,how与形副紧相连。为使句子更简洁，主谓部分可省略。•()1.(2017广东)—AamirKhanplayedthepartofagreatfatherinthemovieTheTaleofFatherlyLove.•—______excellentactorheis!•A．WhatB．Whata•C．WhatanD．How•()2.(2016广东)—Itisreportedthatcancercanbecontrolledatatemperaturelowerthan110℃belowzero.•—Really?______nicesurprise!•A．HowB．What•C．WhataD．WhatanCC•()3.(2015广东)—Sofar,SuBingtianistheonlyChinesewhofinishedthe100-meterraceinlessthan10seconds.•—______heruns!•A．HowslowB．Howfast•C．WhataslowD．Whatafast•()4.(2014广东)—DoyouknowWangFeng?Hecanremember100groupsofnumbersinfiveminutes.•—Yes.______manheis!•A．WhatasmartB．Howsmart•C．WhatastupidD．HowstupidBA•()5.(2013广东改编)MoYanwontheNoblePrizeinLiteraturein2012.______excellentheis!•A．HowB．What•C．WhataD．Whatan•()6.(2018珠海市香洲区二模)—______wonderfultheSpringFestivalGalawas!Didyouwatchit?•—Yeah.IespeciallyliketheprogramsperformedinZhuhaiChimelongOceanKingdom.•A．HowB．What•C．WhatanD．HowaAA•()7.(2018惠州市惠阳区模拟)—______usefulsuggestionyouoffer!Thankyouverymuch.•—You'rewelcome.•A．WhatanB．Whata•C．HowanD．HowB•()8.(2018佛山市南海区模拟)—Itwillonlytake48minutestoreachHongKongoncethehigh－speedtrainfromGuangzhouSouthtoHongkongiscompletedthisautumn.•—Really?______news!•A．WhatsurprisingB．Howsurprising•C．WhatsurprisedD．HowsurprisedA•()9.(2018珠海市香洲区一模)—HongKong－Zhuhai－MacaoBridgehasbeensetupbyprofessionalengineersfromallcornersofthecountryandweareproudofthem.•—______creativepeopletheyare!•A．HowB．Whatan•C．WhataD．WhatD•()10.(2018湛江二中模拟)Thisisaverynewphase(时期)ofournation.______differentlifetodayisfromwhatitwas30yearsagoinChina!•A．WhataB．How•C．WhatD．HowaB•祈使句用于表达命令、请求、劝告、禁止、建议等；祈使句的主语you常常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号；朗读祈使句时用降调。•考点祈使句(6年1考)句式肯定形式否定形式(2016考查Do型的否定形式)Do型：动词原形＋其他Openthedoor！Don'tforgetme！Be型：be＋表语Becareful！Don'tbelateforschool！Let型：let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他Letmehelpyou.Don'tlettheboymakenoisehere!Lettheboynotmakenoisehere！No型：No＋名词/动名词/Nosmoking!Nolitter！•注意(1)有时为了表示委婉，可在祈使句的句首或句尾加上please。please放在句尾时，前面用逗号隔开。如：Pleaseturndownthemusic!请把音乐声调低！•Readaloud,please!请大声读！•(2)回答祈使句时用一般将来时。如：•—Pleaseremembertobringmynotebooktoschool.请记得把我的笔记本带到学校。•—OK，Iwill.好的，我会的。•(3)在肯定形式的祈使句前加do,可以加强语气。如：Docometoschoolontimenexttime.下次务必要按时到校。•(4)在意思较为明显的情况下，可把谓语动词省略。如：Thisway,please.＝Gothisway,please.请这边走。•(5)“祈使句＋and/or＋结果状语”的结构，如：•Studyhard,andyou'llsucceedsoonerorlater.努力学习吧，你迟早会成功的。•Hurryup,oryou'llbelateforclass.快点儿，否则你上课会迟到的。•巧学妙记祈使句无主语，主语you常省去；动词原形作谓语，句首加don't变否定；朗读应当用降调，句末常用感叹号。•()11.(2016广东)Tommy,______playbasketballinthestreetnexttime.Youmaygethitbyacar.•A．doB．don't•C．mustD．mustn't•()12.______kindandhelpfultothepeoplearoundus,andwewillmaketheworldanicerplacetolivein.•A．BeB．Being•C．TobeD．BeenBA•特殊疑问句是由疑问词引导的疑问句。常见的特殊疑问词(组)有：what,which,who,whom,whose,why,where,when,how,howmany,howmuch,howoften,howlong,howfar等。近几年中考主要考查how构成的特殊疑问词组，如下表：•考点特殊疑问句(how引导的特殊疑问词组)(6年1考)特殊疑问词组意义及用法例句Howfar(2013广东中考)“多远”，对距离进行提问。Howfarisitfromheretothezoo?从这儿到动物园有多远？Howoften“多久一次”，对频度进行提问。Howoftendoyougotothesupermarket?你多久去一次超市？特殊疑问词组意义及用法例句Howlong①“多长时间”，对时间进行提问。②“多长”，对长度进行提问。①Howlongwillyoustayhere?你将在这里待多久？②HowlongistheYangtzeRiver?长江有多长？Howsoon“多久之后”，对时间进行提问，回答用“in＋一段时间”。—Howsoonwillyoubeback?你多久后回来？—Intwoweeks.两周后。特殊疑问词组意义及用法例句Howmany“多少”，对可数名词的数量进行提问。Howmanypicturesarethereonthewall？墙上有多少幅画？Howmuch①“多少”，对不可数名词的数量进行提问。②“多少钱”，对价钱进行提问。①Howmuchmoneyisthereinthepurse?钱包里有多少钱？②Howmuchisthenewphone?这部新手机多少钱？•()13.(2013广东)—______isitfromthevillagetoyourfarm？—About10minutes'walk.•A．HowoftenB．Howsoon•C．HowlongD．Howfar•()14.—______doyouvisityourgrandparents？•—Twiceamonth.•A．HowoftenB．Howlong•C．HowsoonD．HowfarDA•注意判断感叹句的引导词what和how的选用。引导感叹句时，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。•()15.(2018佛山市南海区狮山模拟)—Asmallnumberofdriversstilllookattheirphoneswhendrivingeventhoughtheyarenotallowedto.•—______greatrisktheytake!Itcouldcosttheirlives!•A．WhatB．Whata•C．WhatanD．How易错盘点•易错点感叹句误用B•()16.—Imissedtheschoolbusyesterday.•—______badluck!•A．WhatB．Whata•C．WhatanD．How•()17.Look!______excitedheisafterwatchingthefilm!•A．HowB．Howan•C．WhatanD．WhatAA•在解答感叹句类型的试题时，首先应分析句子结构：•若空格后是“形容词/副词(＋句子)”或“形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数(＋句子)”，则填How。•若空格后是“形容词＋名词(＋句