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语法专题（十一）常考动词词组【中考考点】(1)动词词组的构成形式。(2)中考常考的动词词组。1.动词+副词:常见的有takeoff,writedown,handin,fixup等。这类动词词组的宾语如果是名词,既可放在副词前面,又可放在副词后面;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词,则要放在副词前面。Handinyourhomework.把你的作业交上来。Handitin.把它交上来。2.动词+介词:常见的有askfor,careabout,lookfor,lookafter,laughat,hearof,leadto,waitfor等。考点一动词词组的构成3.动词+名词:常见的有havefun,playsports,takeplace等。这类动词词组用作不及物动词。Thisstorytookplacethreeyearsago.这个故事发生在三年前。4.动词+副词+介词:常见的有lookdownupon,goonwith,addupto,catchupwith,dowellin,runoutof等。5.动词+名词+介词:常见的有takecareof,payattentionto等。考点二常考的动词词组1.belongto属于beginwith以……开始beusedfor用来……beusedto习惯于……beinterestedin对……感兴趣besupposedto被期望或应该……bemadein在……生产或制造由……制成bemadeof/from2.实现cheerup使高兴起来comeout开花;发芽;出现;出来;出版;发表comeover过来;顺便来访来吧;加油;赶快cleanup把……打扫干净comeupwith提出;想出3.doone'sbest尽某人最大努力在……方面干得好doone‘shomework做作业dosomereading阅读dreamof梦想dressup装扮cometruedowellincomeon4.geton上车到达回来;取回getoff下车与……相处融洽getmarried结婚giveout分发giveaway赠送giveup放弃5.havealook看一看吃晚餐havearest休息havesports进行体育活动haveacold感冒haveagoodtime过得愉快haveaheadache头痛尝试;努力gettogetbackgeton/alongwellwithhavesupper/dinnerhaveatry6.lookfor寻找lookout留神;注意lookup向上看,抬头看;查阅lookafter照顾,照看lookat看,观看看起来像lookthesame看起来一样lookforwardto盼望;期待7.makefriends交朋友makephonecalls打电话makeanoise吵闹做鬼脸makeroomfor给……腾出地方makeadecision作出决定makeamistake犯错误下决心makealiving谋生makeprogress取得进步looklikemakeaface/makefacesmakeupone'smind8.puton上演;穿上;戴上putup挂起;举起putdown把……放下来把……收起来putoff推迟putout扑灭,熄灭pickup捡起passon传递payfor为……付款9.takeoff脱掉;起飞takephotos照相takeout取出takeaseat坐下参加takecareof照顾,照料takeexercise做运动takeone'splace坐某人的位置;代替某人的职务putawaytakepartin依次,轮流talkabout谈话;交谈和……交谈turnon打开(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等)关闭(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等)turnup调高音量turndown调低音量;拒绝turn…over把……翻过来认为;想起thinkabout考虑taketurnstalkwithturnoffthinkof中考真题演练1.[2018·福建]GrandmawantstowatchtheprogramLegalReport.PleasetheTV.A.turnoffB.turnonC.turndownD.turnover[答案]B[解析]考查动词短语辨析。turnoff关闭;turnon打开;turndown调低;turnover把……翻过来。根据句意可知,奶奶想看电视,因此需要打开电视。故选B。中考真题演练2.[2018·荆州]—WeareplanningaYangtzeRiverProtectionDaythisweekend.Doyouhaveanyadvice?—You'dbettersignsaroundtheschooltotellallthestudentsaboutthat.A.makeupB.showupC.setupD.putup3.[2018·十堰]—Agreatpersononcesaid,“Ifyoucanfollowyourheartandnever,yourdreamwillcometrue.”—Ithinkso.IbelieveIwillenteragoodhighschoolthisyearifItryhard.A.giveawayB.givebackC.giveoutD.giveupDD中考真题演练4.[2018·随州]Asweonournewjourney,weshouldn'tforgetwherewecamefrom.A.takeoutB.setoutC.cutoutD.blowout[答案]B[解析]考查动词短语辨析。takeout拿出;setout出发;cutout删除;blowout吹灭。根据句意选择setout表示“动身,上路”。故选B。中考真题演练5.[2018·咸宁]—Mary,howcanIgettoXianningfromWuhannextweek?—You'dbettertakeatrain.thesuitabletrainsinthetimetable.A.LookupB.SetupC.TakeupD.Putup6.[2018·宜昌]—We'renotsupposedtothosewhofailed.—Noonecanbeawinnerallthetime.A.turnoutB.spreadoutC.laughatD.sharewithAC中考真题演练7.[2018·山西]NowadaysChinahasmadegreatachievementsinmanyfields.WereallyouramazingChina.A.takeprideinB.takecareofC.takeaninterestinD.takepartin[答案]A[解析]考查动词短语辨析。takepridein为……感到自豪;takecareof照顾,照看;takeaninterestin对……感兴趣;takepartin参加。根据第一句话表达中国取得的成就,很自然地我们会因它而骄傲。故选A。中考真题演练8.[2018·扬州]Weshouldstopfireworkstoreducepollution.A.gettingoffB.turningoffC.takingoffD.settingoff9.[2018·岳阳改编]MygrandmotherisgoingtoahobbylikeshoppingontheInternet.A.getupB.lookupC.takeupD.setupDC中考真题演练10.[2018·襄阳]—Mom,canIleavethechorestilltomorrow?—I'mafraidnot.Youcan'ttoday'sworktilltomorrow.A.putoffB.turndownC.giveawayD.lookup[答案]A[解析]考查动词短语辨析。putoff推迟;turndown调低;拒绝;giveaway赠送;lookup抬头;查阅。今天的事明天做,应该是“推迟”。故选A。