1(1).(2)()21ba,nm,nmbanmba::2dcba,,,badcdcba,,,adcb,,adcb()acabcdbdadbc,acbddb=cabbdbad2bad3AB)(,BCACBCACACBCAB2ACABBCABCABABAC2150.618AB512ACBCABAC512360301bcaddcba::2::abbcbacbcaddcba::dbca::badc::cadb::cdab::bdac::abcd::acbd::2()()()()abcdacdcbdbadbca3()acbdbdac4acabcdbdbddcdcbabaccdaabdcba5)0(nfdbnmfedcbabanfdbmecakkbafdbecafedcbafedcba32323322032fdb41.:().DEBCACAEABADEAECADBDECAEDBAD,,.()..,.,.2.:,.ADBECF,ABDEABDEBCEFBCEFABBCBCEFACDFABDEACDFDEEF.5()1FEDCBAEABCD6(1)ABCABCABCABC'''CBA'''CBAABCABCCBA''CBA''CBAABCCBA(2)()BCDE//ADEABC712()3142536(1)(2)(3)RtABCBAC=90ADBCAD2=BDDCAB2=BDBCAC2=CDBC8(1)EABCD(3)DBCAE(2)CDEABDBCA11AX(2)1=2ADEABCAA3(4)1=2B=DADEABC21DEBCAXADEABC2CDRtABCRtABCRtACDRtCBDAC2=ADABCD2=ADBDBC2=BDABEADCBEADCBADCB31AC2=ADAB2ACD=B3ACB=ADCADCACB4ADAEACABADAB=ACAEADEACBADCBEADCBBEACD12ABCDE12AABBCCDDEE12412ECABDEABC(D)EADCB(1)EABCD(3)DBCAE(2)CDEAB9(ASA)(AAS)(SAS)(SSS)(HL)10(1)(2)(3)(4)111(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)21:(2).(3)()().)(,nmnmdcnmba'',,nnnmdcnmba),(,''''''nmnmnnmmnmdcnmba(4)()..5k;k612(1)(2)(3)131..2..1.2.3.3...4.12.3.4.5Okk0,x,y,(kx,ky),(-kx,-ky),1(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)..(1)...(2)...(3).ABCABCAB=aAB=bBC=aBC=bAC=aAC=bABCABC(4).60.(5).11.11..1...(1).(2).(3)11.2()A.B.C.D..ABDC904545.C.2EABAB=3BEDEBCF.ABCDADBC.ABCDABCDADBCBEFCDFBEFAED.BEFCDFAED.BEFCDFBEFAEDCDFAED.BEFCDFAED..3RtABCC=90AB=10BC=6.RtEDFF=90DF=3EF=4ABCEDFABCEDFACDE.RtABCAB=10BC=6C=90..RtDEFDF=3EF=4F=90..ABCEDFABCEDF().(1)36410..(2)AC.4DABCABACDABC.ACDABCA.ACDABC.1=B.2=ACB...ACDABC...1ABCDPBCBP=3PCQCDADQQCPADQQCPAQPQABCDQCDBP=3PCABCDQCD=2=3=4BC=2DQ=2ADQQCP=C=D=90ADQQCP2.....3ADABCEFABACDFEABCEFABCEF=BCDEDFDE=ABDF=ACRtABDDEABDE=AB==EFABCEF=BC===DFEABCEDF=EDA+ADF=EAD+FAD=BAC=FED=EDB=BEFD=FDC=CDEFABC5ABCDEFABC5cm6cm7cm4cmDEFDEF.4cmDEF.xcmycmxy.(1)DEF4cmABC5cmx=cmy=cm.(2)DEF4cmABC6cmx=cmy=cm.(3)DEF4cmABC7cmx=cmy=cm.DEFcm,cmcmcmcmcm..6ABCADEFGHABCFGBC12BC=30cmAD=10cm.EFGH..EFGHEHBCAEHABC.ADBCADEHMD=EF.12EF=xcmEH=2xcm..EF=6cmEH=12cm...1ABCDEBCMDECMABN.DEBCADEABCMDEDMBCNDMNBC=12.ADABNDNBMDE.7AB()1CDAB=CD.2.BAB9050mO10mCC90CD17mDAODABABBCCDBCABO=DCO=90AOB=DOCAOBDOCBO=50mCO=10mCD=17mAB=85m85m2.118m1.6m2m(1)ABCADE??(2)(1)ABCADEBCAEDEAEACB=AED=90A=AABCADE(2)(1)ABCADEAC=2mAE=2+18=20mBC=1.6mDE=16m16m.21.5mDE.CE=1.2mAB=1.8mBCAD//BEEFDCADF.BC.EFDCADF.ADBE.ABEFADBEABEFEF=AB=1.8m.m.8ABCCADDABCCDABEAEEB=12EFBCACFADE1BCEAEFADEBCEBCEABCABBCEABBE=32ABCAEFABCAEFDABCADEBCESADESBCE=AE2BE2AEBE=12SADESBCE=14SADE=1SBCE=4SABCSBCE=ABBE=32SABC=6EFBCAEFABCAEAB=13SAEFSABC=AE2AB2=19SAEF==()()112001500.ABCA1B1C1A2B2C2.ABCA1B1C1A2B2C2.2ABCAB=5BC=3AC=4PQ//ABPAC(AC)QBC(1)PQCPABQCP(2)PQCPABQCP(1)SPQC=SPABQSPQCSABC=12PQABPQCABCSPQCSABC=(CPCA)2=12CP2=42CP=.(2)SPQCPABQPC+CQ=PA+AB+QB=(ABC)=6PQABPQCABCCP=9ABCDA=90AB=2AD=5PAD(AD)PEBPPPEDCE(1)AP=xDE=yyxx(2)PABEDAP.(1)ABCDA+D=180A=90D=90A=DPEBPAPB+DPE=90APB+ABP=90ABP=DPEABPDPE(2)ABEDDE=AB=2AP=14.(1).(2)(2).10ABCBC=2BCAD=1PBCPEABACEPFACABF.(1)BP=PEF(2)PBC.(1)BC=2BCAD=1ABC1PFACBFPBACCEPCABPEABPFACPFAE.(2)PBC.(1)(2)(3).23112013?acmABCDEMACCDDEFMMNDFHADN11MCDF=MN22MC1cm/sCDDEAcm/sACCtt0FABMCDFMFNMNFat1ADFDNCDF=MN2AFECDEt=aCM=a=CDMNF123232012?11AEGHEHABCDHDGCEB21AEGHA2HDGCEB323DAAB=HAAE=mnHDGCEB223.(9)121ABCDADBCB=90AB=7AD=9BC=12BCEDEEFDEABF(1)FBCE(3)(2)FABAFCECE(4)(3)CE=xBF=yyx()(2)24(9)11ABCDADBCAB=3AD=1BC=6A=B=90.PQRPPQRABCD.(1)PABPQR()(2)PBCCDBP.2387ABCDAEFGBAG=(0180)(1)(6)BE=DGBEDG(2)(2)ABCDAEFG32BDDEEGGBSS()7