Unit4WildlifeprotectionSectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]ANIMALEXTINCTION①Manyanimalshavedisappearedduringthelonghistoryoftheearth.Themostfamousoftheseanimalsaredinosaurs②.Theylivedontheearthtensofmillionsofyearsago,longbeforehumanscameintobeing③andtheirfutureseemedsecureatthattime.Thereweremanydifferentkindsofdinosaurandanumberof④themusedtoliveinChina.TheeggsoftwentyfivespecieshavebeenfoundinXixiaCounty,Nanyang,HenanProvince.NotlongagoararenewspeciesofbirdlikedinosaurwasdiscoveredinChaoyangCounty,LiaoningProvince.Whenscientistsinspected⑤thebones,theyweresurprisedtofind⑥thatthesedinosaurscouldnotonlyrunliketheothersbutalsoclimbtrees⑦.Theylearnedthisfromthewaytheboneswerejoinedtogether⑧.Dinosaursdiedout⑨suddenlyabout65millionyearsago.Somescientiststhinkitcameafteranunexpected⑩incident⑪whenahugerockfromspacehittheearthandputtoomuchdust⑫intotheair.Othersthinktheearthgottoohotforthedinosaurstoliveon⑬anymore.Nobodyknowsforsure⑭whyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime⑮.Weknowmanyotherwildplants,animals,insectsandbirdshavediedoutmorerecently.Accordingto⑯aUNreport,some⑰844animalsandplantshavedisappearedinthelast500years⑱.Thedodoisoneofthem.ItlivedontheIslandofMauritiusandwasaveryfriendlyanimal.Pleaselistentoastoryofthedodoandhowitdisappearedfromtheearth.[再记住]①extinction/Ιk'stΙŋkʃn/n.灭绝;消亡extinctadj.不再存在的;已灭绝的;绝种的②dinosaur/'daΙnəsɔː/n.恐龙③comeintobeing形成;产生(相当于comeintoexistence)longbefore远远早于……,long用在before前表示两个动作发生的时间相隔久远。④anumberof“许多的,若干的”,后接可数名词的复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。thenumberof“……的数量”,后接可数名词复数形式,谓语动词用单数形式。⑤inspect/Ιn'spekt/vt.检查;视察⑥besurprisedtodosth.吃惊地做某事(todosth.是surprised的原因)⑦that引导宾语从句,从句中含有并列连词notonly...butalso连接的并列谓语,即run与climb。⑧thebones...是省略that或inwhich的定语从句,修饰theway。⑨dieout灭亡;逐渐消失⑩unexpected/'ʌnΙk'spektΙd/adj.没料到的;意外的⑪incident/'ΙnsΙdənt/n.事件;事变,指小插曲;事件;冲突accident指意外事故⑫dust/dʌst/n.灰尘;尘土;尘埃dustyadj.多灰尘的⑬liveon继续存在toohotforthedinosaurstoliveon为“too+adj.+forsb./sth.todosth.”结构,意为“对……来说,太……而不能……”。⑭forsure无疑地;确定地(=forcertain),在句中作状语。⑮whyandhow共同引导宾语从句,作knows的宾语。⑯accordingto按照;根据……所说,介词短语,后常跟名词或动名词作宾语。⑰someadv.大约,常用于数字前,相当于about。⑱inthelast500years在过去的500年里,用作时间状语,相当于“over/duringthepast500years”,常与现在完成时连用。[再翻译]动物灭绝从地球有史以来的这段漫长时期,许多动物都消失了。这些动物中最有名的是恐龙。千百万年前,恐龙就在地球上生活,比人类的出现要早得多,当时它们的前景好像也很安全。当时有许多不同种类的恐龙,其中有很多种类曾经生活在中国。25个种类的恐龙蛋是在河南省南阳西峡县发现的。不久前,在辽宁省的朝阳县新发现了一种罕见的、形状像鸟一样的恐龙。科学家们观察它们的骨头时,惊奇地发现这些恐龙不仅跟其他恐龙一样可以跑,而且还可以爬树。科学家们是根据恐龙骨骼的连接方式得知这些的。恐龙大约在6500万年前突然灭绝了。有些科学家认为恐龙灭绝是发生在一次意外事故之后,当时宇宙间一块巨石击中地球,因而在空气中扬起太多的尘土。另外一些科学家则认为,地球变得太热,因此恐龙无法在地球上生活了。没有人确切地知道恐龙是由于什么原因,又是怎样在这么短的时间里从地球上消失的。我们知道,近来许多其他的野生动植物、昆虫和鸟类也灭绝了。根据一份联合国的报告,在过去的500年里,大约有844种动植物已经消失。渡渡鸟就是其中的一种。它生活在毛里求斯岛上,是一种非常友好的动物。请听一个关于渡渡鸟的故事,看看它是如何从地球上消失的。通语篇学理解重分析2语篇理解Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswers.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanweknowaboutthedinosaurs?A.Dinosaurswereoncethekindestanimalsontheearth.B.Theylivedontheearthtogetherwithhumans.C.Theydiedoutforsomeunknownreasons.D.Itwasthetemperaturethatcausedthemtodieout.答案:C2.Thebirdlikedinosaurswerediscoveredin________.A.XixiaCounty,Nanyang,HenanProvinceB.ChaoyangCounty,LiaoningProvinceC.XixiaCounty,Nanyang,LiaoningProvinceD.ChaoyangCounty,HenanProvince答案:B3.Howdidscientistsknowthatthebirdlikedinosaurscouldrunaswellasclimbtrees?A.Bystudyingtheireggs.B.Bystudyingtheirteeth.C.Bystudyingtheirbones.D.Byguessingonly.答案:C记单词记短语记句型3基础梳理记住新知识重点词汇基础词汇1.__________n.事件;事变2.________adj.凶猛的;猛烈的3._________vt.检查;视察incidentfierceinspect4.______vt.&vi.咬;叮;刺痛5.__________n.恐龙6.______n.灰尘;尘土;尘埃7.________n.结局;结尾bitedinosaurdustending拓展词汇8.____________n.灭绝;消亡→extinctadj.灭绝的9.____________adj.没料到的;意外的→expectedadj.预期的;预料的10._______________n.消失→disappearvt.消失→appearv.出现;到场11.____________adv.忠诚地;忠实地→faithfuladj.忠实的→faithn.信仰;忠实extinctionunexpecteddisappearancefaithfully重点短语1._________________形成;产生2.____________按照;根据……所说3._______以至于;结果4.___________很久以前5.____________过去常常……6.___________________________不仅……而且……7.________确定无疑地8.___________许多comeintobeingaccordingtosothatlongbeforeusedto...notonly...butalso...forsureanumberof重点句型1.“with+n.+doing”复合结构。Afterawhileshesawsomezebra_________________________________________________________(一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹).2.Therebe(no)...left...“(不)剩下……”。ThisistheonlyhomeoftheredColobusmonkeybut_________________________(所剩无几).withblackandwhitelinesthereareveryfewleftgoingbeneaththeirstomachs3.longbefore“很久以前”,引导时间状语从句。Theylivedontheearthtensofmillionsofyearsago,____________________________________(比人类的出现要早得多)andtheirfutureseemedsecureatthattime.4.it作形式主语,that从句为真正的主语。___________________(很遗憾)inthestorynobodyhelpedthedodo.longbeforehumanscameintobeingItisapitythat联想微空间1.名词+后缀y变为形容词①dust→dusty积满灰尘的②health→healthy健康的③dirt→dirty脏的④rain→rainy有雨的⑤sun→sunny阳光明媚的⑥cloud→cloudy阴天的2.各类“事件”①accident多指偶然发生的不幸事件②incident日常小事或不太重要的事件③event主要指重要事件(国家的、社会的、边界的等)④affair事务;外交大事等⑤happening事件;意外事件⑥matter事情;问题3.“comeinto+n.”短语一览①comeintobeing形成;产生②comeintoeffect/force开始生效;开始实行③comeintoexistence形成;产生④comeintopower开始执政⑤comeintouse开始使用研词汇析句型练拓展4要点透析[归纳拓展]“咬某人的某部位”表示为“bite+人+介词in/on+the+部位”。1.bite(bi