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Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumourSectionⅣGrammar&Writing动词ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语第一板块单元语法①(教材P18)YoumayfinditastonishingthatCharliewastaughttosing...②(教材P18)Suchtrainingwascommoninactingfamiliesatthistime...③(教材P18)Hecouldmimeandactthefooldoingordinaryeverydaytasks.④(教材P18)．..hissubtleactingmadeeverythingentertaining.⑤(教材P18)Hegrewmoreandmorepopularashischarmingcharacter,thelittletramp,becameknownthroughouttheworld.⑥(教材P18)Howdidthelittletrampmakeasadsituationentertaining?⑦(教材P18)Theactingissoconvincingthatitmakesyoubelievethatitisoneofthebestmealshehasevertasted!(1)动词ing形式作表语的句子为____。(2)动词ing形式作定语的句子为________。(3)动词ing形式作补语的句子为________。(4)比较句②和句③，可以看出单个现在分词作定语时要放在它所修饰的名词______；现在分词短语作定语时要放在它所修饰的名词______。⑦②③⑤①④⑥前面后面一、动词ing形式作表语作表语的动词ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving,interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring,surprising,puzzling,amusing,astonishing...这类分词有“令人……的”的含义，常修饰物。◆Theargumentisveryconvincing.这个论点很令人信服。◆Heremainedstandingbesidethetable.他依然站在桌旁。［温馨提示］不定式和动词ed形式也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作，动词ed形式则表示被动、完成含义。2．动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。◆Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.＝Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob.她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。二、动词ing形式作定语动名词和现在分词都可以作定语，但有所区别。1．动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。◆Nooneisallowedtospeakaloudinthereadingroom.阅览室里不准大声说话。2．现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。◆Theboyplayingfootballontheplaygroundismyyoungerbrother.＝Theboythat/whoisplayingfootballontheplaygroundismyyoungerbrother.在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。［温馨提示］现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的一般区别：现在分词表示正在进行或习惯性的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；不定式表示动作尚未发生。◆Youshouldadapttothechangingsituation.你应该适应不断变化的形势。◆Thegroundiscoveredwithfallenleaves.地上满是落叶。◆I'mlookingforaroomtolivein.我正在找房子住。三、动词ing形式作宾语补足语动词ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。动词ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足语。1．表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(短语)(常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等)＋sb.＋doingsth.(作宾补)。◆Ifeltsomebodystandingbehindme.我感觉有人站在我后面。◆Isawthelittleboycryingthere.我看到小男孩在那儿哭。2．表示指使意义的使役动词(常见的有have,let,keep,get,leave等)＋sb./sth.＋doingsth.(作宾补)。◆Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.我们让火整夜燃烧着。◆Iwon'thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。［温馨提示］使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语表示“让……一直做某事”。接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语表示“让某人做某事”；接过去分词作宾语补足语，表示“主语请某人做某事，使完成某事或主语遭遇某事”。◆Becareful,oryou'llhaveyourhandshurt.当心，否则会弄伤手的。3．用于with复合结构中。◆Icouldn'tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingon.由于噪音不断，我没法做家庭作业。◆Withsomanypeoplelookingather,shefeltnervous.这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Thevillagerssawthefire_________brightlyinthedistance.Whentheyhurriedthere,theyfoundsomehouses_______tothegroundalready.(burn)2．WhenIwasonmywaytoschoolthismorning,Isawtwowomen________(argue)．3．Byfar,therearemanyproblems__________(remain)tobesolved.burningburnedarguingremaining4．Thewoman__________(look)athermapisarelativeofmymother.5．Givemetheblueraincoat,please,theone_________(hang)behindthedoor.6．Onthebankoftheriver,wefoundhim________(lie)onabench,withhiseyes_______(fix)onakiteinthesky.7．Hehadhisleg________(break)whileridingabike.lookinghanginglyingfixedbroken8．Abeggarinragsstoodtherewithhiseyes________(stare)atthesteakontheplate.9．Thestadium___________(build)atpresentinourcityisintendedforthecomingAsianGames.10．Imadehim_______(repeat)hispromise.staringbeingbuiltrepeatⅡ.单句写作1．我看见一个陌生人溜进了经理的办公室。I_______________________themanager'soffice.2．他说他有个重要问题要解决。Hesaidhe_______________________________.3．聚集在校门口的那些男孩是我的同学。Theboys___________________________aremyclassmates.sawastrangerslidingintohadanimportantproblemtosolvegatheringattheschoolgate4．正在被设计的体育馆将是我们城市最大的一个。Thestadium_______________nowwillbethebiggestoneinourcity.5．在教室里学习的男孩是我们的班长。Theboy_______________________isourmonitor.6．他的缺点之一就是说谎。Oneofhisweaknesses_____________.beingdesignedstudyingintheclassroomistellingliesⅢ.语法填空Thismonth,IwilltraveltoChangshaandZhangjiajiewithmytwofriends,1.issupposedtobeasevendaytrip.Wewillsetout2.10th,June.Now,wehavepreparedmanythings,snacksandmedicines3.(include).Firstly,wewillgotoChangshabyplane.Theticketsarecheap,soit'sagoodchoice4.(save)time.Wewillstaytherefortwodays.Themaingoal5.(stay)thereistoenjoythedeliciousfoodinChangsha.MyfriendhaspreparedamapofmusttriesandIbelievetheymustbegood.ThenwewillgotoZhangjiajiebytrain.It'snotsofarfromChangsha,6.(take)aboutfivehours7.(get)there.Zhangjiajieisfamousforits8.(wonder)mountains.Thescenerythereisso9.(amaze)thatnooneshouldn'tmissit.Butwewillhaveatoughjourneyforclimbinghighmountains,whichisnoteasyforusall.Thisiswhywewillstaytherefor10.(long).Intheend,wewillgohomebytrain.Thisismyplanforthejourney.Iamsureitwillbeawonderfulandfruitfuljourney.答案：1.which2.on3.included4.tosave5.staying6．taking7.toget8.wonderful9.amazing10.longer故事类记叙文第二板块单元写作［文体感知］故事类文章属于记叙文文体。这种文体相对来说常见易写。不过在写作过程中一些技巧需要灵活地掌握和运用：1．要把握住记叙文的六个要素，即时间(when)，地点(where)，人物(who)，事件(what)，原因(why)和过程(how)。把握好这六个要素，写故事性记叙文就成功了一半。2．要把握故事性记叙文的结构。在文章开头要交代故事发生的时间、地点和人物，然后写事件的原因及发展过程，最后写结果。同时在结尾处要尽量自然，点明文章主题。并且要有一条线索贯穿全文，使整个文章融为一体。3．要把握好人称。在写此类文章时通常用第一人称或第三人称。4．要注意时态的运用。在故事写作过程中，一般用过去时态。在描写背景或景象时，常用过去进行时，这样显得更加形象生动。5．要润色简单句，增加过渡性