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Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNaturalWorldSectionⅣGrammar&Writing情态动词＋havedone第一板块单元语法1．(教材P57)Themeteorite__________________(cause)ahugedustcloud.2．(教材P57)Thedustcloud_____________(cut)offthesunlight.3．(教材P57)Smallanimals__________________(survive)byeatingnutsandseeds.4．(教材P57)Thedinosaurs_______________________(kill)byvolcaniceruptions.mighthavecausedmayhavecutmayhavesurvivedmighthavebeenkilled“情态动词＋havedone”结构一般有两个主要用法：一是表示对过去发生的动作或状态的推测，二是表示对过去发生的动作的遗憾或责备。一、musthavedone的用法musthavedone表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，意为“一定做过……”，只用于肯定句中。◆(陕西卷)Thechildrenmusthavegotlostinthewoods;otherwise,theywouldhavebeenatthelakesidecampasscheduled.孩子们一定在树林中迷路了，要不然他们就会按照计划回到湖边的营地了。二、can/couldhavedone的用法1.can/couldhavedone多用于否定句和疑问句中，表示对过去发生事情的推测◆(2016·浙江卷)Georgecan'thavegonetoofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.乔治不可能走得太远。他的咖啡还是热的呢。◆(陕西卷)Mybook,TheHouseofHades,ismissing.Whocouldhavetakenit?我的书《哈迪斯之屋》不见了。谁可能把它拿走了呢？2.couldhavedone用于肯定句，表示“本来能够做某事而没有做”◆(北京卷)Wecouldhavefacedthedifficultytogether,butwhydidn'tyoutellme?我们本来可以共同面对困难，可你为什么不告诉我呢？三、may/mighthavedone的用法may/might(not)havedone表示对过去发生的事情的推测，意为“可能已经(没有)做过某事”，常用于肯定句和否定句。might的可能性比may的还要小。◆(江苏卷)—Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittoarailwayofficial.——我把手提包落在火车上了，但幸运的是，有人把它交给了铁路部的一名官员。—Howunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someonemighthavestolenit.——能重新找回真是难以置信！我是说，有人可能已经偷走了它。四、oughtto/shouldhavedone的用法1．oughtto/shouldhavedone表示“本来应该做，而实际没做”◆(福建卷)—Sorry,Mum！Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.——对不起，妈妈！我工作面试又失败了。—Oh,it'stoobad.Youshouldhavemadefullpreparations.——哦，太糟糕了。你本应该做好充足的准备。2．oughtn'tto/shouldn'thavedone表示“本来不应该做，而实际做了”◆Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldn'thavebeensostrictwithhim.看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。五、needn'thavedone的用法needn'thavedone表示“本来不需要做而做了”◆(天津卷)Ineedn'thaveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.来新学校之前我本不必担忧的，因为我在这儿的同学对我非常友好。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．—Jerry_______________(come)backbecausethewindowisopen.—Yes，buthe________________(leave)itopenthismorning.musthavecomemighthaveleft2．—Mummy,Iclimbedtogettheteddybearfromthetopoftheshelf.—Mygoodness！You________________(hurt)yourself.Youmustn'tdothatnexttime!3．—I'msorry.I_______________________(notshout)atyoutheotherday.—Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.mighthavehurtshouldn'thaveshouted4．(江西卷)We____________________(notbuy)somuchfoodnowthatSuziewon'tbewithusfordinner.5．That'sreallybad.You__________________(catch)thebusifyouhadbeeninahurry.6．(湖北卷)You___________________________(notinterrupt)themeetingtotellmethat;you________________(come)totellmeafterwards.needn'thaveboughtcouldhavecaughtshouldn'thaveinterruptedcouldhavecome7．—Wasityouthatmadethesuggestion?—It__________havebeen.Ican'tremember.8．—______Tom__________tovisituswhenwewereinQingdao?—No，hecouldn'thavecome，becausehehasbeenonbusinessinDalian.may/mightCouldhavecome9．(全国卷Ⅱ)Sincenobodygavehimanyhelp,he_______________(do)theresearchonhisown.10．Thedriverwhodiedintheaccident_________________(survive),buthedidn'twearaseatbelt.musthavedonecouldhavesurvivedⅡ.单句改错1．Mr.Smithmustn'thavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.______________2．Thereisnolightintheroom.Maytheyhavegoneout？________3．Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.Ineedn'thavebeentakenthetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.___________mustn't→can'tMay→Can去掉been4．Youcouldn'thavewokenmeup;Idon'thavetogotoworktoday._________________5．Wemusthavestudiedlastnight,butwewenttotheconcertinstead.____________couldn't→needn'tmust→shouldⅢ.语法与写作1．昨晚一定下雨了，因为路面很泥泞。It____________________________，fortheroadisquitemuddy.2．到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？Thereisnowheretofindthem.Where___________________?musthaverainedlastnightcantheyhavegone3．约翰不在家，我想他可能去上学了吧。Johnisn'tathome.Ithinkhe__________________________.4．本来他能够通过高考的，但是他太粗心了。He__________________theEntranceExaminationtotheCollege,buthewastoocareless.5．我真的很后悔该努力学习的时候浪费了太多时间，但现在太晚了。IreallyregretwastingthehourswhenI_______________________,butitistoolate.may/mighthavegonetoschoolcouldhavepassedshouldhavestudiedhard描写大自然神秘现象的记叙文第二板块单元写作[文体感知]介绍关于大自然的神秘现象的文章一般包括如下内容：首先，简述神秘现象(什么样的神秘现象，何时何地发现的，科学家对此的解释，证据)；其次，各界不同的看法；最后，简单说出作者个人对此现象的认识。[增分佳句]①Icanwellrememberanincidentthathappenedon...②Iwasonmywayto...whenIsaw...③Iwasabouttodo...when...④SoexcitedwasIthatIcouldn'thelpdoing...⑤Lookingatitinsurprise,Ifelt...⑥Therehavebeenstoriesof...since...⑦Somepeoplesawitin...forthefirsttime...⑧Inmyview,firstofall，...leavesmeadeepimpression.⑨Somepeoplebelieveinitsexistence,because...⑩Byrecentresearch,wecanlearnthat...[写作要求]假如你是李华，请你根据以下内容，给报社写一封100词左右的信，向报社讲述你在2019年夏天偶遇外星人的情况。文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。1．下晚自习后，在回家路上看见三角形不明飞行物；2．从飞行物中走出外星人向你问路；3．你给他指明方向，并友好告别。参考词汇：小巷alley；三角形triangle；外星人alienDeareditor，Iwanttotellyouastrangething.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely，LiHua[审题谋篇]项目结论体裁记叙文话题描述外星人时态一般过去时人称第三人称为主，第一人称为辅[词汇推敲]①发生________________________②出现_______________________③发现_________④看上去像__________⑤向某人道别___________________takeplace/h