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Module6OldandNew[话题导读]导语：三峡水电站是目前世界上最大的水电站，也是中国最大的工程，它是综合治理长江中下游防洪问题的一项关键性措施，并兼有发电、航运、灌溉、供水和发展库区经济等巨大的综合经济效益。TheThreeGorgesDamProjectSincetheThreeGorgesDamwascompleted,ithasbeguntobringbenefitstoChinesepeopleinmainlyfouraspects:floodcontrol,powergeneration,navigation(航运)andtourism.OneofthemajoraimsofthedamistocontrolwaterlevelsbecausefloodisahistoricalproblemaroundtheJinjiangRiverandDongtingLakearea.TheprojectcanefficientlypreventthefloodandsandfrompouringintoDongtingLakeduringthefloodseason,thusthethreatoffloodtoDongtingLakecanberelieved.Ifsevere(严重的)floodshappen,thebigdamcanholdthewater,whichwinstimeforpeopletomovetosafeplaces.Thetotalpowergenerationperyearis84.7billionkilowatthours(千瓦·时)，whichgreatlyrelievestheelectricitypressureinmiddleandeasternChina.LocatedinthemiddleofChina,thehydropowerstationsuppliespowertothemiddle,easternandsouthernChina.Hydropoweriscleanenergyandenvironmentalfriendly.TheoperationoftheThreeGorgeshydropowerstationcangreatlyhelpprotecttheenvironment.LocatedinthemiddlereachofYangtzeRiver,theThreeGorgesDamwilllargelyimprovethewaterwayconditionsfromYichangtoChongqing.TheshipsoftenthousandtonscansaildirectlyfromChongqingtoHankouandfurthertoShanghai.Besides,duetotheimprovementofthenavigablewaterways,theshipsizeislarger,andthetransportcostscanbereduced.Afterthecompletionofthedamproject,visitorswillbedelightedtoseeawonderintheYangtzeRiverwhereacalmlakesitsamongthesteepgorges.Astherisingofthewater,manyscenicspotsthatareoriginallyhardtoenterarenowreachable.Forexample,inDangyangRiver,anewsightof“smallthreegorges”appears.TheWhiteEmperorCity,whichwashiddeninthethickforestinthepast,becomesabeautifulislandstandinginthecenteroftheriver.ThebigscenerychangewillattractmoreandmorevisitorstoexploretheThreeGorges.SectionⅠIntroduction&ReadingandVocabulary—Comprehending练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]TheThreeGorges①Dam②“Wallsofstonetoholdback③cloudsandrain”MaoZedongwroteapoeminwhichhedreamedof④“wallsofstonetoholdbackcloudsandraintillasmoothlakerises⑤inthenarrow⑥gorges”．Nowhisdreamhascometrue⑦.ThepoweroftheYangtzeRiver,whichistheworld'sthirdlongestriver⑧，hasbeenharnessed⑨bytheThreeGorgesDam.TheThreeGorgesDam,whichisthebiggestconstruction⑩projectinChinasincethebuildingoftheGreatWallandtheGrandCanal,hasbeenbuilttocontrol⑪floodingandprovidehydroelectric⑫powerforthecentralregion⑬ofChina.Thedamisnearly200metreshighand1.5kilometreswide.Itisthelargesthydroelectricpowerstationanddamintheworldandhascostmorethananyother⑭constructionprojectinhistory⑮.SunYatsen,whowastheleaderofthe1911Revolution⑯，firstsuggested⑰theideaofadamacrosstheYangtzeRiverin1919.ThreequartersofChina'senergyisproducedbyburningcoal.In1993，Chinaused1.2billiontonsofcoalforheatingandgenerating⑱electricity.Unfortunately,burningcoalcausesseriousairpollutionandincreasesglobal⑲warming.Thedamwillgenerateelectricityequaltoabout40milliontonsofcoal⑳withoutcausingsomuchairpollution.Thereservoir○21hasflooded2cities,11counties,140townsandmorethan4,000villages.Morethanamillionpeoplewholivedintheregion○22havemovedfromtheirhomes.Nowthey'relivingahappynewlife○23indifferentareas.TheThreeGorgesareaisoneofthemostbeautifulareasofChinaandtheprojecthasfloodedsomeofChina'smostfamoushistorical○24sites○25，includingtheQuYuanTemple○26，theHanWatchtower○27andtheMoyaCliff○28carvings○29.About800historicalrelics○30havebeensubmerged○31.Someofthemarebeingremoved○32andsomearebeingputinto○33museums.[再记住]②dam[dæm]n.坝；堤；水闸③holdback阻止④dreamof做梦；梦见；向往inwhichhedreamedof...是inwhich引导的定语从句，which指代apoem。⑤risevi.上升；升起过去式为rose，过去分词为risen，是不及物动词。⑥narrow['nærəʊ]adj.狭窄的⑦cometrue(梦想等)变成现实本短语不用于被动语态。⑧which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰theYangtzeRiver,which作从句的主语。⑩construction[kən'strʌkʃn]n.建造；建设；建筑underconstruction在建设中⑪动词不定式短语tocontrol...作目的状语。水力发电的⑬regionn．地区⑭anyother任何其他的⑮inhistory历史上⑯who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰SunYatsen，who在从句中作主语。⑰suggestv．建议suggest作“建议”讲，后接宾语从句时，从句须用虚拟语气，即谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”，should可以省略。⑲global['ɡləʊbl]adj.全球的⑳本句中形容词短语equaltoabout40milliontonsofcoal作后置定语，修饰electricity。可转换成定语从句whichisequaltoabout40milliontonsofcoal。○22wholivedintheregion是定语从句，修饰morethanamillionpeople，who在从句中作主语。○23livea(n)．..life过着……的生活○24historical[hI'stɒrIkl]adj.历史的；有关历史的historicadj.有历史意义的○25site[saIt]n.场所；遗址○26includingtheQuYuanTemple＝theQuYuanTempleincluded○28cliff[klIf]n.悬崖；峭壁(尤指木头、象牙等的)雕刻(品)○30relic['relIk]n.(常作复数)(历史的)遗迹；遗物○33arebeingremoved和arebeingputinto都是现在进行时的被动语态。[再翻译]三峡大坝“更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨”毛泽东曾写过一首词，在这首词里，他想象了“更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”的壮丽景观。如今，他的理想变成了现实。三峡大坝制服了世界第三长河——长江的激流。修建三峡大坝是自修筑长城和开凿大运河以来中国最大的建筑工程，它控制了长江的洪灾并为我国中部地区提供电力。大坝将近200米高，1500米宽。它是世界上最大的水力发电站和大坝，造价超过历史上的其他任何一项工程。早在1919年，领导了辛亥革命的孙逸仙(中山)先生就首次提出了要横跨长江修筑大坝的设想。中国四分之三的能量是通过燃煤获得的。1993年，中国烧掉了12亿吨煤用于供热和发电。不幸的是，燃煤导致了严重的大气污染，加剧了全球变暖。大坝将要生产相当于燃烧4000万吨煤所生产的电量，但却不会造成那么严重的大气污染。水库淹没了2个城市、11个县、140个镇和4000多个村庄。生活在这一地区的100多万人已经从他们的家园搬走了。现在，他们在不同的地区过着幸福的新生活。三峡是中国风光最美丽的地区之一。由于大坝工程，一些著名的历史遗迹被水淹没，包括屈原祠、汉望塔和摩崖石刻。大约800处历史遗迹已被淹没。有些被搬迁，有些正被搬进博物馆。通语篇学理解重分析2语篇理解Ⅰ.Skimthetextandmatchthemainideaofthepragraphs.1．Para.1A．SomedetailsabouttheThreeGorgesDam.2．Para.2B．Thedamfloodedalargeareaandmanypeoplehadtoremove.3